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Purpose: We evaluated the concurrent validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Mental Health (GMH), Global Physical Health (GPH), Upper Extremity (UE), Pain Interference (PI), and Self-Efficacy for Managing Medications and Treatment (SE-MMT) by analyzing correlation to the brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire (bMHQ) in patients with 5 common hand conditions: carpal tunnel syndrome, Dupuytren contracture, trigger finger, thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, and wrist ganglion cysts., Methods: Our cohort included 11,782 unique visits representing 4,401 patients. Patient demographics, PROMIS Computer Adaptive Test questionnaires, and bMHQ were collected prospectively at all visits for all patients. Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between the PROMIS and bMHQ scores. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between questionnaires and patient demographics., Results: The PROMIS UE and PI showed strong correlations to the bMHQ. The PROMIS GPH showed moderate correlation to the bMHQ. The PROMIS GMH and SE-MMT were weakly correlated with the bMHQ. These results for the overall group were consistent across subgroup analysis for each condition, and regression models confirmed these correlation findings when controlling for demographic variables. The bMHQ had the smallest ceiling and floor effects compared with the PROMIS questionnaires. The PROMIS UE, PI, and SE-MMT took significantly less time to complete than the bMHQ., Conclusion: Correlations between the PROMIS questionnaires and the bMHQ were similar regardless of condition., Clinical Relevance: Given their moderate-to-strong correlations with the bMHQ and consistency across conditions, the PROMIS UE and PI may be adequate replacements for the bMHQ for evaluating these domains in both clinical and research applications in patients with these common upper extremity pathologies. The PROMIS GPH, GMH, and SE-MMT, in conjunction with the bMHQ, may provide more information regarding patient's physical and mental health and ability to manage medications and treatment without substantially increasing patient burden. Clinicians and researchers can use these findings to guide questionnaire selection based on the clinical or research question(s) of interest., (Copyright © 2021 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)