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Objectives: The main aim is to study the determinants of nutritional status among mothers and their children aged 6–59 months in Nepal’s Panauti municipality. Material and Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted among 226 mothers and their children 6–59 months residing in ward no. 1, 2, and 4 of Panauti Municipality. A combination of a semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements was used to assess various determinants of nutritional status. A Chi-square test was used to check the association between variables. Results: The study found that the prevalence of maternal underweight was low (2.7%) whereas the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.7% and 13.7%, respectively. Around 27.9% of the children were severely stunted, 3.6% underweight, and 3.5% wasted, whereas 22.1% of the children were overweight. About 54% of the mothers and 57.52% of the children were malnourished. Ethnicity was significantly associated with mothers’ nutritional status and factors such as ethnicity, pre-lacteal feeding, and cultural practices of the mother were significantly associated with the nutritional status of children. Conclusion: The study concluded that more than half of the mothers and children were malnourished. Demographic factors-like ethnicity were significantly associated with the nutritional status of mothers and children, whereas factors like pre-lacteal feeding and cultural practices of the mother were significantly associated with the nutritional status of the children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Anthropometric parameters of individuals are good at predicting functional impairment, mortality, and future cardiometabolic diseases. The relationship between anthropometric parameters and lipid profiles have been studied in different parts of the world. But to date, no such studies have been conducted in Nepal. Objective To investigate the association between anthropometric parameters and lipid profile in the adult population of Kaski district, Nepal. Method This study was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal. The fasting lipid profiles were analyzed in a total of 400 subjects aged > 18 years with an automated OCD Vitros 350 dry chemistry analyzer. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data. The mean values of fasting lipids were compared within the subjects with different body mass index groups using ANOVA and waist circumference, waist-hip ratios, waist-height ratios, and neck circumference using independent samples t-test. The anthropometric indices evaluated were body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, head circumference, neck circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis were performed to identify the association between the lipid profile and anthropometric parameters. The difference was considered statistically significant when p values (two-tailed) were < 0.050. Result The mean values of the serum lipid parameters other than high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were found to be higher in the subjects with an above than normal BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, and neck circumference. Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis showed that waistheight ratio best predicts serum triglycerides (β=0.622, p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β=-0.711, p < 0.001) among all measured anthropometric parameters. Conclusion Among all the studied anthropometric parameters, the WHtR was found to be the most powerful predictor of serum triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.