1. Seasonal air–water exchange fluxes of polychlorinated biphenyls in the Hudson River Estuary
- Author
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Yan, Shu, Rodenburg, Lisa A., Dachs, Jordi, and Eisenreich, Steven J.
- Subjects
POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls ,AIR pollution ,WATER pollution ,PERSISTENT pollutants ,SEASONS ,CLIMATOLOGY ,ESTUARINE ecology - Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in the air and water over the Hudson River Estuary during six intensive field campaigns from December 1999 to April 2001. Over-water gas-phase ∑PCB concentrations averaged 1100pg/m
3 and varied with temperature. Dissolved-phase ∑PCB concentrations averaged 1100pg/L and displayed no seasonal trend. Uncertainty analysis of the results suggests that PCBs with 5 or fewer chlorines exhibited net volatilization. The direction of net air/water exchange could not be determined for PCBs with 6 or more chlorines. Instantaneous net fluxes of ∑PCBs ranged from +0.2 to +630ngm−2 d−1 . Annual fluxes of ∑PCBs were predicted from modeled gas-phase concentrations, measured dissolved-phase concentrations, daily surface water temperatures and wind speeds. The net volatilization flux was +62μgm−2 yr−1 , corresponding to an annual loss of +28kg/yr of ∑PCBs from the Hudson River Estuary for the year of 2000. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2008
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