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Background: Individuals pursue teaching careers for numerous reasons, such as for instrumental or prosocial purposes. Aims: This study examined the personal (instrumental motivation) and social (prosocial motivation) utility of teaching as predictors of teaching quality in terms of clarity of instruction, classroom management, and cognitive activation. Sample: We used data from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018, which included 50,595 teachers from 1252 schools in 10 countries and regions. Methods: We performed a series of regression analyses to test a model of instrumental and prosocial motivation to predict three indicators of teaching quality (clarity of instruction, classroom management, and cognitive activation) while controlling for demographic characteristics (age, sex, educational level, and teaching experience). We examined this model in countries and regions from Eastern (Japan, Korea, Singapore, Shanghai and Taipei) and Western (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and the United States of America) cultures. Results: Results demonstrated that instrumental motivation predicted clarity of instruction in the East and classroom management in both the East and West; prosocial motivation, however, was a more consistent predictor of all indicators of teaching quality, except classroom management in the West, across cultures. Conclusion: Teachers' prosocial motivation to benefit others and contribute to society must be considered to understand teaching quality across various cultural contexts. Implications for theory, practice and policy are discussed.

This article explores the motivation of non-Maori learners of te reo Maori as an L2. Inspired by calls for contextualised investigations of the L2 motivation of learners of LOTEs, our study utilises an "ethical self-formation framework" [Hennig, B. B. 2010a. "Language Learning and the Self: Exploring Hong Kong Students' Motivation for Learning German as a Third Language from a Foucauldian Ethical Perspective." Doctoral diss., University of Hong Kong. https://bibliography.lib.eduhk.hk/tc/bibs/fdb173c8] to analyse data from semi-structured interviews with 10 learners enrolled in a voluntary course of Maori language for staff at a New Zealand university. Through a discussion of findings associated with three of the framework's axes ("ethical substance, mode of subjection and telos"), we offer an interpretation of the learners' L2 motivation as linked to a self-directed process aimed at achieving an improved version of themselves, and of this process of self-formation as rooted in personal belief systems about the value of te reo Maori in their personal and professional lives and for New Zealand as a whole. Overall, the ethical self-formation framework emerges as a useful lens for highlighting the links between the learners' L2 motivation, their personal connections with te reo Maori and their sense of membership in an ideal collective New Zealand identity, and for exploring dimensions of the convergence of the personal and the societal in L2 motivation.

The paper introduces and explores the "Plans to Pedagogy" research programme, a three-year project focused on teacher capacity-building within schools. "Plans to Pedagogy" engages practitioner-researchers in the development of their and their colleagues' spatial learning skills as they move into and attempt to take advantage of innovative learning environments. The programme involves teachers from eight schools across Australia and New Zealand. Still in progress, each three-year project addresses the individual school's needs, while being supported by a more extensive university-situated "umbrella" research programme. This paper presents emerging findings from "Plans to Pedagogy" and discusses what is being learned about applied research in schools and how a research-focused approach to professional learning can enhance teacher learning and practice.

Guidelines for sustainability linked to the government-approved National Curriculum for education in New Zealand emphasise values of empathy and respect for all life. These instruct educators to discuss different values around sustainability and conservation. I reviewed educational resources published or endorsed by government agencies to determine compliance with these sustainability Guidelines. The resources reviewed promote the view that non-native mammals should be killed. Some resources go further in giving instructions to children on how to do this, and how to source kill traps. Children are provided with material designed to engender dislike towards non-native mammals, particularly possums. Resources conflate issues of conservation by tying it in with protection of tourism, ornamental plants and primary industries. This encouragement of killing in environmental educational resources appears unique to New Zealand. It is discussed in light of increasing evidence that performing or witnessing animal abuse is a causal factor for future violence towards human and non-human animals.

In this study we investigated the research designs employed to study the interdisciplinary profession of school librarianship during a time period of notable changes across both the Pre-K-12 and school library domains. To conduct this work, we analyzed all 217 articles published in "School Library Research" (SLR) and "School Libraries Worldwide" (SLW) from 2007 through July 2015. Results point to the high variability in research designs employed and limited inclusion of Pre-K-12 students as participants. The articles also exhibit high incidences of collaboration between scholars but limited involvement of practitioners as researchers. Findings are discussed in relation to research and practice.

This article is the story of a school's journey from a deficit model of special education needs programming to an inclusive model of student learning support. The heart of this journey was the identification and management of tensions and complexities surrounding educational beliefs, school values, and pedagogical practices. This article will describe the ecology of change that this school undertook during a two-year period, analyse the mechanisms of change during the same period, and evaluate critically the extent to which the change achieved its intended outcome. (Contains 2 tables.)

Purpose: To examine the factors that support and hinder farmers' learning and to investigate the impact of an innovative learning program on farmers' practice change. Design/methodology/approach: Individual interviews and focus group discussions were held with 24 farmers over 20 months. Observations were made of these farmers as they participated with eight agricultural and social scientists in a range of innovative experiences to learn about chicory and plantain establishment and management. These learning experiences were designed around evidence-informed educational pedagogies. Data sets were analyzed using NVivo to determine common themes of affordances and barriers to learning and actual practice changes. Findings: The affordances for learning and practice change include belonging to a learning community, enhancing self-efficacy, engaging with scientists, seeing relative advantage, reinforcing and validating learning, supporting system's integration and developing an identity as learners. Barriers to learning and practice change include issues of: trialability, complexity, compatibility and risk. Practical implications: The importance of basing new models of extension around evidence-informed pedagogies known through educational research to promote learning and practice change. Theoretical implications: Sociocultural theory and self-efficacy theories of learning are critical to the success of effective agricultural extension programs. Originality: To date, little empirical research about the affordances and barriers for pastoral farmers' learning has been based on contemporary educational research.

The introduction and subsequent rapid spread of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV across all Australian mainland states and the Northern Territory since late 2021 has increased the risk of an incursion of this mosquito-transmitted zoonotic virus disease into New Zealand, with serious implications for both animal and human health. The potential modes of entry are through introduction of infected mosquitoes as hitchhikers on ships or aircraft, windborne transfer of mosquitoes, or arrival of infected reservoir bird species. A competent vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, is endemic in New Zealand and other mosquito species may also become involved. If infection becomes established in New Zealand, the scale of transmission may be considerably less than has occurred in Australia because climatic and epidemiological factors are not so favourable. Early evidence of an incursion could come from detection of clinical disease in horses or pigs, or from human cases. Targeted surveillance to confirm or refute indications of an incursion could be undertaken by antibody detection in a number of species. Dogs have been shown to be a particularly valuable sentinel species due to their cohabitation with people and high seroconversion rate. Other novel methods of surveillance could include reverse transcriptase PCR (RT–PCR) on oronasal secretions of pigs. Should evidence of the disease be detected, prompt action would be required to vaccinate at-risk human populations and clarify the epidemiological situation with respect to mammalian hosts and mosquito vector species, including whether a new mosquito species had arrived in the country. Abbreviations: AHL: Animal Health Laboratory; JE: Japanese encephalitis disease; JEV: Japanese encephalitis virus; RT–PCR: Reverse transcriptase PCR [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a British colony, New Zealand had early to grapple with how best to implement a state system of schooling. Inspectors of primary schools and governing boards of secondary schools were responsible for appointing school principals. This paper examines the ways in which they dealt with new situations: in the case of the primary schools where there were few suitable male applicants and in the case of the secondary schools where they were responsible for appointing the very first principals of girls' schools. It argues that within a small colony with emerging bureaucratic structures, lone officials and autonomous governing boards were able to engage in flexible decision making when making principal appointments to enable schools to open and remain open. Central to the appointment of women as early principals was the importance of their own social networks and personal connections. It was in this way that the non-traditional school principal began to emerge. She was female, either Maori or European, either non-graduate or graduate, either single, married or widowed, and sometimes from working-class origins. This paper highlights the appointments of several of the first women principals in New Zealand across the three state school sectors--Native Schools, primary schools and secondary schools. These were women who carved out new professional identities for themselves, and modelled alternative vocational pathways for the next generation of New Zealand women. (Contains 49 footnotes.)

This article examines a national applied theatre programme coordinated through the Department of Child, Youth and Family in New Zealand. The programme uses dramatic processes to create opportunities for communities to discuss and find their own answers to the issues of child abuse and family violence. The programme utilises a sophisticated in-role use of a video game about a dysfunctional family to provide the necessary distance and protection to create a safe forum for participants. The game provides an opportunity to double frame participants so that there are multiple layers of "protection into emotion". This article discusses the importance of establishing a close alignment of purpose between funder and client. It stresses the importance of the initial negotiation process. It argues that an agreement at this stage on the limitations of what applied theatre projects can add to wider government social change programmes is vital for establishing evaluation processes. This article is jointly written by a member of the government funding agency and the directors of the applied theatre programme. It describes the processes by which they agreed on success criteria for the project, as well as outlining the programme itself.

This paper highlights the intersections of history, gender and educational administration through a case study of an influential woman educator, Anne Whitelaw. It draws upon manuscripts, school archives, school histories, official files and periodicals from "both sides" of the world. Although known in New Zealand as the first Headmistress of Auckland Girls' Grammar School (1907-1910) little attention has been given to Anne Whitelaw more generally. This may have been because her university education was gained offshore, significantly as the first New Zealand woman to graduate from Girton College, Cambridge, and that most of her professional life was based in England. Anne Whitelaw went on to become the first New Zealand woman to head an English secondary school (Wycombe Abbey, 1910-1925), to head two women's religious orders (1925-1934) and to be Advisor on Girls' Education for the Colonial Office Advisory Committee on Education in the New Colonies (1926-1932). She retired to New Zealand and lived the rest of her life there. This case study argues for the application of a number of theoretical lenses in order to construct "both sides" of Anne Whitelaw's educational career at home and abroad. Its purpose is two-fold: it provides an opportunity for presenting for the first time, a fuller biographical and career profile of Anne Whitelaw and in so doing, highlights the breadth and depth of the research undertaken on both sides of the world to be able to reach this point. (Contains 62 notes.)

"The New Zealand Curriculum Framework", 1993, is the official document for teaching, learning and assessment in New Zealand schools. It consists of a set of curriculum statements, which define the learning principles, achievement aims and essential skills for seven learning areas. It also indicates the place of attitudes and values in the school curriculum. This paper investigates the requirements for teaching attitudes, values and ethics in the curriculum statements for Science, Biology and Technology. The question is raised whether the teaching of skills for resolving moral and ethical dilemmas are required by the official education standards in New Zealand, and internationally. The paper reports on a survey done on pre-service teacher trainees of their understanding of these requirements. Implications for courses that might need to be provided in future pre-service teacher education programmes are briefly discussed.

Focuses on the Napier High School Board of Governors and Mary Elizabeth Grenside Hewett, an 1883 New Zealand principal. Concludes that a review of the New Zealand database of women graduate teachers 1880-1930, and the exchange of women graduates from New Zealand and Great Britain, provides details of their international teaching careers. (KDR)

Presents an overview of six years into research of Maori girls' schooling in Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the role of education in the formation of their national identity. Focuses on the research methodology associated with the discovery of the documents and narratives on which the research is based. (CMK)

Utilizes information gathered from archival and other documentary sources to develop greater understanding of the ways in which New Zealand's Native School system operated and was perceived by the Maori communities. Gives voice to former pupils of the Native Schools by establishing an oral-history database of their experiences within the school system. (CMK)

The relative importance of gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection in driving genetic divergence of local populations, as well as the factors that disrupt gene flow in natural populations, are uncertain. Comparative analyses enable us to test explicit hypotheses regarding the roles of these factors. Gannets (Morus spp.) include three morphologically and ecologically similar seabird species: the Cape Gannet M. capensis, which breeds in southern Africa; the Australasian Gannet M. serrator, which breeds in southeastern Australia and New Zealand; and the Northern Gannet M. bassanus, which breeds in the North Atlantic. We assessed the extent of differentiation in mitochondrial control region sequences and morphometrics among colonies of each species to test mechanisms of divergence. No evidence was found for introgression of mitochondrial DNA between Cape and Australasian gannets, despite the existence of mixed-species pairs, consistent with their taxonomic status as biological species. Significant population differentiation, both in control region sequences and in morphology, was found within both Australasian and Northern gannets. Analyses based on coalescent theory indicated that little to no female-mediated gene flow occurs either between Australasian Gannets in Australia versus New Zealand, or between Northern Gannets in Canada versus Europe. Divergence of these regional populations, as well as Cape versus Australasian gannets, appears to pre-date the Pleistocene glaciations and corresponds to differences in non-breeding distributions. Northern and Australasian gannets may each represent at least two management units for conservation, but additional data are needed on nuclear DNA variation in individuals sampled from more colonies to confirm this result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate ground deformation resulting from large (~10 m) coseismic strike-slip displacements, we focus on deformation of the Kekerengu fault during the November 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake in New Zealand. Combining post-earthquake field observations with analysis of high-resolution aerial photography and topographic models, we describe the structural geology and geomorphology of the rupture zone. During the earthquake, fissured pressure bulges ("mole tracks") initiated at stepovers between synthetic Riedel (R) faults. As slip accumulated, near-surface "rafts" of cohesive clay-rich sediment, bounded by R faults and capped by grassy turf, rotated about a vertical axis and were internally shortened, thus amplifying the bulges. The bulges are flanked by low-angle contractional faults that emplace the shortened mass of detached sediment outward over less-deformed ground. As slip accrued, turf rafts fragmented into blocks bounded by short secondary fractures striking at a high angle to the main fault trace that we interpret to have originated as antithetic Riedel (R') faults. Eventually these blocks were dispersed into strongly sheared earth and variably rotated. Along the fault, clockwise rotation of these turf rafts within the rupture zone averaged ~20°-30°, accommodating a finite shear strain of 1.0-1.5 and a distributed strike slip of ~3-4 m. On strike-slip parts of the fault, internal shortening of the rafts averaged 1-2 m parallel to the R faults and ~1 m perpendicular to the main fault trace. Driven by distortional rotation, this contraction of the rafts exceeds the magnitude of fault heave. Turf rafts on slightly transtensional segments of the fault were also bulged and shortened-relationships that can be explained by a kinematic model involving "deformable slats." In a paleoseismic trench cut perpendicular the fault, one would observe fissures, low-angle thrusts, and steeply dipping strike-slip faults-some cross-cutting one another-yet all may have formed during a single earthquake featuring a large strike-slip displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2009, residents of two urban centres on opposite sides of the world debated proposals to change their cities’ official names. In New Zealand there was a sometimes-heated argument over whether to change the name of Wanganui to Whanganui, in accordance with standard Māori spelling; while Northern Ireland witnessed the latest round of a long-running dispute between Irish nationalists and pro-British unionists over the name of Derry or Londonderry. In both places, and on both sides of the debate, the past was used to justify the choice of one name over another. This article outlines three specific uses of the past in the debates: as evidence that one name is more correct than the other; as a source of personal meanings or emotional associations with particular names; and as an explanation of underlying grievances or antagonisms that surface in these debates. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article explores the role of charities in estate claims, dealing with topics including how this relates to law in New Zealand, the New Zealand Breast Cancer Foundation’s Pink Ribbon Bequest Society and the court case Auckland City Mission v Brown.

The article discusses developments related to the organization New Zealand Association for the Teaching of English (NZATE) in New Zealand in 2014-2015. It provides overview of the organization's 35th conference which featured issues and topics that concern English teachers. It also mentions the changes of the organization's subscription structure which resulted to positive impact in reaching out English teachers and result of the 2015 election.

The article provides an analysis of the New Zealand Association for the Teaching of English (NZATE) President's Annual Report 2013-14. Topics discussed include focus of NZATE to expand English teaching communities, importance of data in education systems, plan to expand membership of association, change in fee structure and 2014 election results including the appointment of Helaina Coote as vice president.

AIMS: To complete a retrospective analysis of data from a national abattoir-based lesion recording system (PigCheck) in the New Zealand pig industry, in order to establish the prevalence of 20 post-mortem disease lesions, describe long-term trends in the prevalence of these lesions, and identify the proportion of the monthly variation in lesion prevalence that could be attributed to individual farms or abattoirs. METHODS: Slaughter lesion data were collected and reported at the lot level (a cohort of pigs delivered from one farm, at one time). Data on the prevalence of lesions between January 2000 and December 2010 was aggregated by month, and time-series analysis of the data for each lesion was conducted. The time series pattern for each lesion was described with an auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model; seasonality of lesion occurrence was assessed separately. To determine the proportion of variance in lesion prevalence that could be attributed to farms relative to that attributed to abattoirs, a hierarchical binomial generalised linear mixed model was created incorporating two random effect levels, at the farm (within abattoir) and abattoir levels. RESULTS: A dataset comprised of 124,407 lots (6,220,664 pigs, 279 farms, five abattoirs) was compiled for analysis. The most prevalent conditions across the 11-year time series were antero-ventral pneumonia (7.6%), pleuropneumonia (11.4%), and milk spots (9.2%). Of the 15 lesions shown to have a significant annual change in prevalence, 10 decreased over time and five increased. The variance in prevalence that was observed for pyogenic lesion (92%), mange (73%), and ileitis (62%) was attributed primarily to variation between abattoirs. By contrast, the farm of origin explained the greatest percentage of variance in prevalence for rectal prolapse (98%), pneumonia (97%), and antero-ventral pneumonia (96%). CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of most lesions recorded in PigCheck for the period was low relative to published data from other countries. Common lung pathologies contributing to lesions such as antero-ventral pneumonia and pleuropneumonia were primarily a function of farm management and were not likely due to variability in lesion recording at different abattoirs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Based on the low frequency of lesions in pigs at commercial abattoirs, the health status of pigs in the New Zealand pig industry is considered to be very good. Pneumonia, pleurisy, and ascariasis are some of the most prevalent conditions that should be focussed on through development of herd health management plans. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore the politics of land tenure in the high country of Aotearoa New Zealand. In the mid-1990s the New Zealand government inaugurated a process of tenure review, under which the ownership of 2.37 million hectares of Crown pastoral lease land will be reordered, with around half of the land eventually becoming freehold and the other half transferred into the conservation estate. In the mid-2000s a media debate erupted between high country farmers and conservation and recreation groups about the appropriate ownership of the high country. The story of tenure review is a story of a moment of challenge to farmer control (symbolic and actual) of the high country, a moment in which conservation and recreation values seriously contested those of agricultural production. The question I seek to explain is the mobilisation of discourses of stewardship by farmers to promote and defend their interests in this debate. Drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu, I argue that the deployment of discourses of stewardship can be analysed in terms of transformations in the value of capitals of pastoral farming and productivist agriculture in relation to the capitals of environmentalism and conservation in the New Zealand political field at the time. Such a discursive strategy was available to farmers, I suggest, because of the way in which the high country is represented in art and other visual media as largely untouched nature. The ways in which the high country is represented is formative of high country farmer subjectivity, or habitus, and as such generative of their strategies. What the analysis suggests is that in particular places, at particular times, visual representations of those places may be key actors in how those places are made and remade. The paper thus attests to the potential agency of art in production of ruralities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses the results of a survey on the management and reproductive performance at calving of two-year-old heifers on chosen beef cattle farms in New Zealand, and on the causes and results of assisted calving (AC) of these heifers. Respondents identified feto-maternal disproportion as the primary cause of AC. They also explained the criteria which were used for making the decision to perform AC.

Arnold Hely (1907-1967) was a most significant figure in the history of adult education in New Zealand, in Australia and internationally. Arnold Hely, a New Zealander, Director of Tutorial Classes (later Adult Education) at the University of Adelaide from 1957 to 1965, was the prime mover in the establishment in 1964 of the Asian South Pacific Bureau of Adult Education (ASPBAE) and was, until his most untimely death in 1967, its General Secretary. He previously had played, as an impartial newcomer/outsider, a leading role in the formation in 1960 of ALA (then called AAAE). In this paper I will focus on Hely's efforts to bring Australian adult education into the mainstream of world adult education. In telling Hely's story I will explore the context of Australian adult education in the 1950s and 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smoking is one of the main modifiable risk factors for chronic periodontitis. Smokers tend to have poorerperiodontal health and a poor response to periodontal treatment, showing approximately half as much improvement following surgical or non-surgical therapy. In light of the current health target ("Better help for smokers to quit"), the purpose of this article is to review the role of dental professionals in providing smoking cessation support, and to review the literature associated with the aetiology of chronic periodontitis, specifically on the impact that smoking cessation has on periodontal health and treatment outcomes. The current New Zealand Smoking Cessation Guidelines state that "all people who smoke, regardless of whether they express a desire to want to stop or not, should be advised to stop smoking." Although there are only limited data from long-term clinical studies to demonstrate the benefit of smoking cessation for periodontal treatment outcomes, the evidence does indicate that smoking cessation improves periodontal health. Smoking cessation support provided by dental professionals could therefore be pivotal in improving periodontal health and the outcome of periodontal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to explain the absence of Māori food in the public culinascape. Drawing on the work of Heldke and Hage, I develop an analysis in terms of a politics of palatability. There are few Maori restaurants because there is not a clientele. There is a limited Māori clientele because Māori as a group lack the economic resources to support restaurants and, unlike migrant ethnic groups, have many other sites of community. There is a limited Pākehā clientele because Pākeha do not enjoy Maori food. This dislike of Maori food is, I argue, a social taste, that can be understood in a context where Māori demands for rights on the basis of their indigenous status have disturbed the ways in which Pakehā belong to the nation. Following Harbottle, I argue that Maori have a "spoiled identity" for Pākehā, and that this can be read both as a sign of Maori subordination and as a sign of Māori power. What this analysis suggests is that the public culinascape can be read as a map of the field of race relations in Aotearoa New Zealand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which aims to identify the annual likelihood of exposure to Trichinella spiralis in imported pork from New Zealand to Singapore. The quantitative risk-evaluation model made use of the input values for chilled pork imported from New Zealand to Singapore. Results show that the annual risk of exposure to consumer (ARC) for offal is below the pre-identified safety threshold while the ARC for lean meat is higher than the acceptable safety threshold.

Abstract: Under neoliberal schemes like audit systems, consumer demands born of concerns about food safety, the environment and animal welfare are theoretically poised to influence agricultural production systems (). Whether such influences might reverse or redirect the trend toward environmentally-damaging rampant productivism of the 20th century hinges in part on the subjective positions of farmers and the ways in which they inform how farmers respond to policy and market signals. In this paper we argue the need for a genuine engagement with both the complexities of farmer subjectivity and the interactions amongst farmer subjectivity and agro-ecologies, and animal bodies in particular. This paper presents a case study of sheep farmers on the South Island that reveals contestation and transitions in traditional markers of “good farming”, particularly animal health. We observe how such transitions arise from reconfigurations of the relationships between agro-ecological, political and social histories. In this paper’s formulation, neither state subsidies nor neoliberalism in agriculture is primary cause or ultimate effect of the transformation of agricultural practice. Rather, changes in the political economy expose contradictions in farmer subjectivities, the resolution of which may block or reinforce trends suggested by the political economy. We suggest that contested ideas about animal health within the social field of pastoral farming in New Zealand makes it possible that New Zealand’s sheep growers may take the high road of best environmental practice via highly audited environmental standards of production demanded by elite consumer markets, or that they may remain in the intensifying trajectory of continuing to drive the sheep’s body to its maximum possible intensity of production. The mixed legacy of neoliberal reform is that it has simultaneously enabled both of these contradictory trajectories in New Zealand pastoralism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The brushtail possum flYichosurus Vulpecula, is a wildlife vector for tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis in New Zealand. Supervised automatic classification of a SPOT3 multi spectral image was used to generate a vegetation map. which was used together with slope data to model the risk of TB-infected possums being present in habitat patches. The vegetation data were also used to identify habitat patterns which, together with other geographic variables, were incorporated into logistic regression models to identify predictors of possum TB risk of farms. The impact of the predicted possum TB risk data on the cost-effectiveness of vector control programs at both individual farm and larger regional control areas is discussed, plus issues associated with the uptake of the models by operational managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family group conferences were introduced in New Zealand in 1989. Despite the absence of specific reference to restorative justice in the debates introducing them, their underlying philosophy incorporates key features of restorative justice. This article describes the role family group conferences play, drawing from research we conducted from 1990 to 1991 and in 1996. In particular, it reviews the extent to which young people, their families, and victims can come together to decide how best to deal with the young person's offending. It suggests that the findings from this research provide a sufficient basis for New Zealand to move further forward in the implementation of restorative justice processes for adult offenders and for other countries wishing to move towards more restorative approaches to consider family group conferences as a useful strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information regarding the New Zealand Association for the Teaching of English (NZATE) 2012 Conference that was held in Dunedin, New Zealand is presented. It mentions the representatives on the NZATE Council for 2011-2012 including Jo Morris as president, Helaina Coote as treasurer, and Helen Almey as secretary. Topics include the advocacy of the NZATE for issues of concern to the English teaching community in New Zealand.

The article focuses on the novel study for curriculum development conducted by the author in New Zealand. The primary purpose of the study is to illustrate his teaching approach at Year 10 using the modern educational planning technique. The study focuses on the integration of the reading comprehension activity of the students wherein the students must interact with his/her fellow classmates about their understanding on the activity.

In this article, the author reflects on the reviewing and the differences between New Zealand and Great Britain. He mentions that there has been several publications marking the centenary of World War I that has been reviewed extensively, and mentions British book reviewing culture which include literary qualities and public discussions regarding war. He further highlights several aspects of New Zealand critical culture.

The article offers information related to the New Zealand Associations for the Teaching of English (NZATE) in New Zealand. It mentions that the association has decided to change subscription structure of its journal "English in Aoteoroa" according to size of school and presents registration details for the association's 2014 conference titled "Myth and Magic." Further mentioned is a website link to check and order various resources offered by NZATE for writing and assessing poetry.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of visiting and teaching the variety of schools in New Zealand.

The article focuses on the nomination of the positions of vice president and regional representatives at the New Zealand Association for the Teaching of English (NZATE) at a council meeting of the NAZATE. It informs that the nominated member should be a personal member of the NZATE. It also states that NZATE helps the association members in three ways including professional journal, production of resources and annual conference.

The article looks at the outbreaks of the virus of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in South Africa in 2004 and 2007, and discusses the lessons that must be learned by New Zealand from the South African experience. The early phase of the outbreaks, which involved massive abortion storms and increased incidence of stillbirths and mummified fetuses, are described. The transmission of the PRRS virus in meat is also explained.