Search

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the ocular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) among the study population. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among HIV-AIDS patients at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Nigeria. Ethics clearance was obtained from the ethics review committee of the hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all the respondents. This study was conducted over a period of nine months, from October 2010-June 2011, at the medical outpatient centre and the eye clinic of the hospital. The obtained information included the socio-demographics of the respondents, World Health Organization clinical stage of AIDS, CD4 count, duration of HIV-positive status, history of ocular problems and the treatment sought. Results: A total of 112 consenting respondents participated in this study. Not many respondents (36, 32.1%) were aware of eye complications that relate to HIV-AIDS. Most informed respondents had been enlightened by health workers (20, 55.6%). Few respondents (16, 14.3%) had HIV-AIDS ocular manifestations. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common ocular manifestation. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to promote the ocular health of HIV-AIDS patients to prevent blinding ocular manifestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculous uveitis is an underdiagnosed form of uveitis. Absence of pulmonary signs and symptoms does not rule out the disease. In an era of reduced immunity from human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the disease is becoming more prevalent. This review discusses the common manifestations of tuberculous uveitis, pointing out helpful diagnostic criteria in suspicious cases of uveitis. Physicians need to be aware that ocular manifestations of tuberculosis may be independent of systemic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To determine the patterns, predictors and overall impact of ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the health-related quality of life and disability index., Methods: A total of 50 Nigerian patients with RA were studied. Full ocular evaluation was done to determine the presence of each defined ocular manifestation of RA. All patients completed the Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) questionnaires., Results: The mean ± SD age of the patients was 47.2 ± 12.5 years. A total of 42 cases of ocular diseases were found in 23 (46%) patients. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was found in 15 (30%) patients; cataract, 13 (26%); scleritis/episcleritis, 4 (8%); disk edema, 4 (8%); glaucoma, 3 (6%); ulcerative keratitis, 1 (2%); vitreitis, 1 (2%); and macula edema, 1 (2%) patient. There is an association of the presence of ocular manifestations with the physical component summary (PCS) [T = - 3.398, P = 0.001] and the mental component summary (MCS) [T = - 2.616, 0.012] of the SF-36 but not with the HAQ-DI (T = 1.685, 0.099). Following multiple regression analysis, the predictors of the presence of ocular manifestations were age greater than 45 years and positive anti-citrullinated protein antibody. Following linear regression analyses, Steinbrocker's functional class independently predicted the PCS while both Steinbrocker's functional class and female sex predicted the MCS., Conclusions: The development of ocular disorders associated with RA is associated with a significant negative impact on the quality of life of the patients.