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Objectives: Aortic root surgery is transitioning to aortic valve sparing (AVS), but little is known about the relative early outcomes of AVS versus composite graft-valve replacement (CVR). This study assessed mortality differences for AVS versus CVR to guide future practice decisions., Methods: From January 2000 to June 2011, 31 747 patients had aortic root replacement with AVS (n = 3585; 11%) or CVR (n = 28 162; 89%). The cohort of Overall patients was divided into two subgroups: high-risk patients (n = 20 356; 6% AVS) having age >75 years, endocarditis, aortic stenosis, dialysis, multiple valves, reoperation or emergency/salvage status, and the remaining low-risk patients (n = 11 388; 21% AVS). Using logistic regression analysis, outcomes were presented as unadjusted operative mortality (UOM), risk-adjusted operative mortality (AOM) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for mortality., Results: Baseline characteristics for the Overall group (AVS versus CVR) were: mean age (52 vs 57 years), endocarditis (1 vs 11%), aortic stenosis (4 vs 36%), dialysis (1 vs 2%), multiple valves (7 vs 10%), reoperation (6 vs 17%) and emergency status (14 vs 12%) (all P < 0.0001). In high- and low-risk groups, baseline differences narrowed, and lower mortality was generally observed with AVS: (AVS versus CVR) UOM group Overall (4.5 vs 8.9%)*, group High-risk (10.5 vs 11.7%), group Low-risk (1.4 vs 3.1%)*; AOM group Overall (6.2 vs 8.6%), group High-risk (10.1 vs 11.7%), group Low-risk (2.2 vs 2.8%); AOR group Overall (0.59)*, group High-risk (0.62)*, group Low-risk (0.69). *P < 0.05., Conclusions: Relative risk-adjusted mortality seemed comparable with AVS versus CVR in low- and high-risk subgroups. These data support judicious expansion of aortic valve repair in patients having aortic root replacement., (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.)

Background: Although the operative risk of multivalve operations has historically been high, current outcomes are poorly understood. We sought to evaluate factors influencing contemporary results of triple-valve operations using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database., Methods: Among patients undergoing combined mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valve (triple- valve) operations between 1993 and 2011, aortic valve repair patients were excluded and those having aortic valve replacement were analyzed according to whether they underwent repair vs replacement of the mitral valve (MV) and tricuspid valve (TV). Temporal trends in operative death and clinical outcomes were examined using unadjusted and adjusted analyses., Results: A total of 8,021 triple-valve patients were studied. The median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) age was 67 years (59, 77 years), 4,809 (60%) were women, 4,488 (56%) had New York Heart Association class III to IV symptoms, and the mean (25th percentile, 75th percentile) ejection fraction was 50% (40%, 60%). MV repair was performed in 2,728 (34%) patients overall and increased over time from 13% (1993 to 1997) to 41% (2008 to 2011). TV repair was performed in 7,512 (94%) patients overall and increased over time from 86% (1993 to 1997) to 96% (2008 to 2011). Unadjusted operative mortality decreased from 17% in 1993 to 9% in 2011. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of operative mortality were lower in those having MV repair (0.72 [0.61 to 0.85]), TV repair (0.64 [0.50 to 0.83]), and MV+TV repair (0.46 [0.34 to 0.63]) compared with those having replacements. Unadjusted and adjusted odds of stroke were similar between groups and not significant for all., Conclusions: This large series demonstrates that surgical results of triple-valve operations have continued to improve during the past 18 years. MV and TV repair were associated with improvements in early survival. Although further study is required to understand late outcomes, these data suggest that broader efforts to perform MV repair instead of replacement in this high-risk patient population appear warranted., (Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)