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In this study, a useful solution is proposed for assessing the safety of the ship's hull damaged by grounding in Northern Sea Route (NSR) or Arctic sea. In particular, the residual ultimate longitudinal strength of grounding damaged ship can be predicted by the grounding damage index (GDI) concept. Due to the global warming effects, the Arctic glaciers have been gradually melting, and it may bring us the new North Pole routes. However, there are uncertainties on many causes that can lead to grounding accident of the commercial vessels. In this regard, residual ultimate longitudinal strength of grounding damaged commercial ship in Arctic sea is investigated. Five (5) temperatures: room temperature (RT), −20°C, −40°C, −60°C and −80°C were adopted to consider the cold temperature effect in NSR. The Panamax class oil tanker was selected for the investigation of residual ultimate longitudinal strength of grounding damaged ship. Fifty (50) reliable damage scenarios were adopted for the evaluation of structural health by utilising Residual strength versus GDI (R-D) diagram method. From this study, a modified R-D diagram is proposed which can consider grounding damage with cold temperature effect. The obtained outcome will be useful for assessing the safety of the grounded ships in Arctic sea region by measuring the grounding damage amount and surrounding air temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]