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The present study was designed with an objective to evaluate the effect of downer's cow syndrome on biochemical changes in dairy cattle. Ten cows of four to eight years of age at the surrounding location of Bhubaneswar, with history of inability to raise for a varied period of time even after twice treatment with calcium, were considered for this study. About 10ml of blood was collected from the jugular vein of each downer cow and healthy cows separately, for the comparative study. Serum biochemical parameters like total protein, albumin, glucose, calcium phosphorus Sodium, Potassium and Magnesium, ALT, AST and CPK were estimated and it was found that the mean values of Glucose, calcium, phosphorus, potassium were significantly lower (P< 0.05) in downer cows as compared to healthy control cows but the mean values of serum enzymes ALT, AST and CPK showed a significant higher (P< 0.05) values than the control cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]