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Practice of the Transcendental Meditation technique in schools and universities throughout the world has been well researched over a 50-year period suggesting it is a useful tool for student development and learning. However, introduction of the practice into school systems throughout Latin America is a relatively recent phenomenon and no research has been published on the likely or actual outcomes from this initiative. Moreover, research conducted on the practice in international settings has typically involved investigation of standard educational variables -- such as academic performance, intelligence, and behavior -- and has mostly used only quantitative methods and designs to do so. For this study, conducted on the practice in Puno, Perú, we have adopted a learning history approach using a third-person action research method of semi-structured interviews to hear and understand the distinct voices of parents and teachers about the consequences of practicing Transcendental Meditation on the personal, academic and social lives of Aymara school children. Results from frequency and saliency analysis indicate that a series of confirmatory as well as unique knowledge outcomes have emerged in this setting, and these are discussed in the context of international empirical results to create a learned history of the practice in Perú.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the association between ethnic minority membership and their knowledge about their human health rights in Peru. Design/methodology/approach: A secondary analysis of the National Health User Satisfaction Survey 2015–2016 was conducted using an analytical cross-sectional design. Participants who spoke Quechua, Aymara, Awajun, Bora or a language other than Spanish aged 15 year were considered as a racial minority. The question "Do you know that by law you have health rights?" was applied to incorporate knowledge on health rights. Generalized linear models of the Poisson distribution were used to calculate crude prevalence ratio and adjusted prevalence ratio. A total of 3,721 responses were included in the analysis. Findings: The average age was 38.3 year, and 26.6% were males. The prevalence of belonging to an ethnic minority was 7.7%, and 27.6% of the participants did not know about their health rights. An association was found in the adjusted regression analysis between belonging to an ethnic minority and a greater probability of not knowing human health rights. Originality/value: The value of the works lies in one in four participants who did not know he had health rights by law. Belonging to an ethnic minority was associated with not knowing about having human health rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to use an Artificial Neural Network Multilayer Perceptron (ANN-MLP) for geological modeling of categorical variables, using a database of 5,654 samples obtained from a diamond drilling campaign in a mine in northern Peru. The ANN-PML architecture consisted of an input layer of 5 neurons, three hidden layers with 100, 50 and 20 neurons respectively, and an output layer with 5 neurons, optimized with the Adam algorithm. Variables analyzed included geographic coordinates (east, north and elevation), copper and molybdenum concentrations, and rock type classification. Five different geological models were generated within a 20×20×20 meter three-dimensional block model, where the estimated volumes for geological models 1 to 5 were 795.1, 4506.7, 1176.1, 333.3 and 24.7 million of tons, respectively. The results were validated by cross-validation, evidencing an efficiency of ANN-MLP with Recall metrics of 0.56, precision of 0.66 and an average F1-Score of 0.58, demonstrating the efficiency and precision of ANN-MLP in geological classification. This research highlights the integration of artificial intelligence in geology especially in geological modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The co-occurrence of chronic diseases and acute infectious events exacerbates disability and diminishes quality of life, yet research in Low- and Middle-Income countries is scarce. We aimed to investigate the relationship between infectious events and multimorbidity in resource-constrained settings. Methods: We conducted a sequential mixed-method study in Lima and Tumbes, Peru, with participants having multimorbidity from the CRONICAS Cohort Study. They completed a questionnaire on the occurrence, treatment, and health-seeking behaviour related to acute infectious events. Qualitative interviews explored the perceptions and links between multimorbidity and acute infectious events for a subgroup of participants. Findings: Among individuals with multimorbidity, low awareness of chronic conditions and poor medication adherence. The cumulative incidence for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, the most reported acute conditions, was 2.0 [95%CI: 1.8–2.2] and 1.6 [1.2–1.9] events per person per year, respectively. Individuals with cancer (6.4 [1.6–11.2] events per person per year) or gastrointestinal reflux (7.2 [4.4–10.1] events per person per year) reported higher cumulative incidence of infectious events than others, such as those with cardiovascular and metabolic conditions (5.2 [4.6–5.8] events per person per year). Those with three or more chronic conditions had a slightly higher cumulative incidence compared with individuals with two conditions (5.7 [4.4–7.0] vs 5.0 [4.4–5.6] events per person per year). Around 40% of individuals with multimorbidity sought healthcare assistance, while others chose drugstores or didn't seek help. Our qualitative analysis showed diverse perceptions among participants regarding the connections between chronic and acute conditions. Those who recognized a connection emphasized the challenges in managing these interactions. Interpretation: Our study advances understanding of multimorbidity challenges in resource-limited settings, highlighting the impact of acute infections on patients' existing multimorbidity burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to propose a teacher training program based on the flipped classroom model with MOOCs to strengthen access to information and information literacy among primary education teachers in the Lambayeque region of Peru. The non-experimental design was assumed with a quantitative approach and a propositional, descriptive type. A diagnosis was made using a questionnaire given to 917 primary school teachers. It was discovered that nearly all of the items in the questionnaire revealed a deficiency in the ability to navigate, search, and filter information, data, and digital content; the highest percentages were at the Basic level, with the exception of the item expressing information needs in an organized manner, which was at the Advanced C2 level. The lowest percentage was at the Advanced C1 level, and the majority of the lower percentages were at the Advanced level. In addition, there are competency deficiencies in the evaluation of information, data, and digital content of nearly all the items: the highest percentages were at the Basic level, with the exception of the item involving the processing of information, data, and digital content, where 26.4% were at the Intermediate B1 level and just 2.8% managed to be at the highest level, which is Advanced C2. Furthermore, when it came to storage and retrieval of information, data, and digital content competency, all the high percentages were at the Basic level, and all the low percentages were at the highest level, that is, Advanced. These findings helped us to understand that teachers have only a basic knowledge of information literacy and information competency. As a result, it is necessary to advocate for a teacher training program based on the flipped classroom model with MOOCs. This idea was supported by the opinions of five experts, who stated that its implementation would enable primary teachers of Regular Basic Education in the region of Lambayeque (Peru) to develop their access to information and information literacy competency area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in Peru has increased over the years. Approximately one third of the Peruvian population lives at high altitudes. This population presents particular physiological, genetic and environmental characteristics that could be related to the prevalence of hypertension and its subtypes. Objective: To assess the association between altitude and hypertension in the Peruvian population through an analysis of a nationally representative survey. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey for the period 2016–2019. We included 122,336 individuals aged 18 years and older. Hypertension was defined according to the JNC-7 guidelines. High-altitude location was defined as a residential cluster located above 2,500 meters above sea level. We utilized generalized linear models from the Poisson family with a log-link function to assess the magnitude of the association between high altitude and hypertension. Additionally, we employed multinomial regression models to analyze the association between high altitude and subtypes of hypertension, including isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH). Results: In the adjusted Poisson regression model, we found that the prevalence of hypertension among participants living at high altitudes was lower compared to those living at low altitudes (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86–0.93). In the adjusted multinomial regression model, we observed a lower prevalence rate of ISH among participants residing at high altitudes (aRPR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.61–0.73) and a higher prevalence rate of IDH among participants residing at high altitudes (aRPR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.32–1.94). Conclusions: Residents at high altitudes in Peru have a lower prevalence rate of ISH and a higher prevalence rate of IDH compared to those living at low altitudes. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of other biological, environmental, and healthcare access factors on this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine litter is a growing environmental problem for which fisheries-sourced waste remains poorly understood. In Peru, there is an ongoing challenge of waste management from the small-scale fisheries fleet given the lack of facilities to receive the variety of debris produced by fishers, which includes hazardous wastes such as batteries. In this study, onboard solid waste production was monitored daily by land-based observers upon landing at the port of Salaverry, Peru, from March to September 2017. The analysed small-scale gillnet and longline fishing fleets produced annually an estimated 11,260 kg of solid waste. Of particular concern is the production of single use plastics (3427 kg) and batteries (861 kg) due to their potential long-lasting impacts on the environment and challenges related to their proper disposal. A management plan for solid waste has been developed for Salaverry; therefore, a subsequent assessment was conducted in 2021–2022 of the behaviours and perceptions of fishers regarding the implementation of this plan. Most fishers (96%) reported disposing of their waste on land, except organic waste which is disposed of at sea. While fishers in Salaverry have become more conscious of the issues surrounding at-sea waste disposal and have an interest in better segregating and managing their waste, there remains a need for improved waste management and recycling protocols and procedures at the port to make this possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices are diagnostic tools that can provide quick and accurate results within minutes, making them suitable for diagnosing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, these devices are not widely implemented in healthcare systems and for this reason is relevant to understand the implementation process. Aim: To describe the process and define a strategy to implement a multiparameter POCT device for diagnosing and managing NCDs in one region of Peru. Methods: A descriptive and non-experimental study, using the participatory methodologies of co-creation process. It was conducted in one region of Peru (Tumbes) to design an intervention for implementing a multiparameter POCT device. Two co-creation sessions were conducted involving five groups: community members, primary healthcare workers, these groups in both rural and urban settings, and regional decision-makers. These sessions included activities to understand patient journeys in receiving care for NCDs, identify facilitators and barriers to POCT devices usage, and define an implementation strategy for POCT devices in both rural and urban settings of Tumbes. The research team analysed the data and summarized key topics for discussion after each session. Results: A total of 78 participants were enrolled across the five groups. Among community members: 22.2% had only diabetes, 24.1% had only hypertension, and 18.5% had both diagnoses. In the patient journey, community members mentioned that it took at least three days to receive a diagnosis and treatment for an NCD. Most of the participants agreed that the POCT devices would be beneficial for their communities, but they also identified some concerns. The strategy for POCT devices implementation included healthcare workers training, POCT devices must be placed in the laboratory area and must be able to perform tests for glucose, glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol, and creatinine. Advertising about POCT devices should be displayed at the healthcare centres and the municipality using billboards and flyers. Conclusions: The co-creation process was useful to develop strategies for the implementation of multiparameter POCT devices for NCDs, involving the participation of different groups of stakeholders guided by moderators in both, rural and urban, settings in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peru is facing a double burden of malnutrition (DBM), characterized by the co-existence of undernutrition and overnutrition. Double-duty actions that concurrently target common drivers of undernutrition and overnutrition, while ensuring no unintended side effects, are recommended to effectively address the DBM. To understand these complex common mechanisms and design context-specific double-duty actions, there is a need for participatory systems approaches. This paper provides a case study of applying a community-based system dynamics approach to capture stakeholder perspectives of food system drivers of the DBM in two regions in Peru. Methods: We implemented a multi-stage community-based system dynamics approach, which included processes for research capacity building for systems approaches, and the designing, piloting, and implementation of stakeholder workshops. A total of 36 stakeholders, representing diverse perspectives, participated in five group model building workshops. Stakeholder views are presented in a causal loop diagram that showcases the feedback mechanisms between key food system drivers of overweight and stunting in Peru. Results: The causal loop diagram highlights that prioritization of undernutrition over overnutrition in the policymaking process, due to Peru's historically high levels of undernutrition, may undermine action against the DBM. It also describes potential mechanisms of unintended impacts of undernutrition policies on the DBM in Peru, including impacts related to within-family distribution and quality of food provided through food assistance programs, and unintended impacts due to regional dynamics. Conclusions: This paper highlights the importance of a participatory approach to understand local needs and priorities when recommending double-duty actions in Peru and shares practical methodological guidance on applying participatory systems approaches in public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vernacular architecture represents the form of construction that identifies a locality and offers sustainable means of inhabiting spaces. The advance of globalised architectural models in historic villages represents a threat to this architecture. It is therefore necessary that we recognise the characteristics that define the vulnerability of these architectural models and establish tools to facilitate their management and conservation in risk situations. This research aims to develop a methodology that allows for the evaluation of the factors that condition the vulnerability of the vernacular architecture of two historic villages with populations of 2,500 to 50,000 inhabitants within the Amazonas region (Peru): Leymebamba and Chachapoyas. The analysed management model is based on the identification of preserved vernacular buildings and the recording of seven vulnerability variables (construction system, degree of conservation, heritage value, occupation, maintenance, fire vulnerability and structural modifications) according to building units and blocks. The study carried out breaks down the variability presented in the buildings catalogued as vernacular within the evaluated vulnerability contexts. Based on the identified casuistry, a list of key factors is proposed in order to generate guidelines for an urban management plan that articulates the historic value of the buildings and the current needs of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The long-term health association of the leisure-time and transport-related physical activity domains of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire have not been established in Latin American settings. The authors aimed to quantify the 7-year all-cause mortality risk associated with levels of leisure-time and transport-related physical activity. Methods: Ongoing prospective cohort study conducted in 4 sites in Peru. People ≥35 years were randomly selected from the general population in each study site. The exposures were leisure-time and transport-related physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) at baseline. The outcome was all-cause mortality based on information retrieved from national records. Cox regression and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results: There were 3601 people (mean age 55.8 y, 51.5% women). Greater levels of physical activity were associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, an observation confirmed in sensitivity analyses. Compared with those with low levels of physical activity, leisure-time (≥500 metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week) and transport-related (500–1499 and ≥1500 metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week) physical activity were associated with 70% (95% confidence interval, 3%–90%), 43% (95% confidence interval, 18%–61%), and 42% (95% confidence interval, 8%–63%) lower all-cause mortality, respectively. Conclusions: Greater levels of leisure-time and transport-related physical activity were associated with a strong reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality across different geographical sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Internet of Things and culture of innovation in public university students" presents a research conducted at the National University of Education Enrique Guzmán y Valle in Peru. The study focuses on determining the influence of the development of Internet of Things (IoT) modules on the culture of innovation of university students. The results show that the implementation of the Internet of Things course has a significant impact on the values, behaviors, climate, resources, processes, and outcomes of the students' culture of innovation. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Científica de Enfermería (2071-5080) is the property of Colegio de Enfermeros del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Telemedicine revolutionizes medical care by providing remote access to healthcare services, improving efficiency, reducing geographic barriers and providing timely, life-saving care for patients. Current research aims to evaluate the influence of resistance to use, facilitators to use, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of telemedicine on the intention to use telemedicine by citizens of Peru. The study collected responses from individuals in Peru through an online survey, and the data was analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques. The results showed that perceived ease of use had a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness; then, perceived ease of use had a positive and significant effect on the intention to use telemedicine. Also, resistance to use did not have a significant effect on intention to use telemedicine. The bootstrapping analysis showed that the effects between the variables were statistically significant. The outcomes obtained may provide ideas to healthcare managers in public and private sectors for planning health programs based in telemedicine and can make diagnosis and treatments with remote patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, we determine the presence of the Andean bear Tremarctos ornatus and its interaction with humans in three communal territories of the La Mar province (Ayacucho). Between September and October 2019, we established a total of 22 transects to identify signs of the species, interviewed the local population about their interactions with the bear, and finally inspected livestock carcasses whose deaths were attributed to attacks by the species. In total, 312 signs of the Andean bear were recorded, with the majority being food remains, primarily found in the high puna areas above the montane forests. Local residents are familiar with and have encounters with the Andean bear in the field, and they identified recurring threats to the bear, including grassland fires, timber extraction, and livestock farming. They also reported that bears cause damage to crops and livestock. However, there were not enough pieces of evidence to confirm that the Andean bear had attacked any of the seven livestock carcasses evaluated. Still, a potential manipulation or consumption was identified in one of these cases. Our results emphasize the importance of combining bear presence surveys with observations from the local population to identify threats and mitigate potential human-bear conflicts based on unconfirmed events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we test the hypothesis that beliefs about the ideal mother are convergent across cultures and that these beliefs overlap considerably with attachment theory's notion of the sensitive mother. In a sample including 26 cultural groups from 15 countries around the globe, 751 mothers sorted the Maternal Behavior Q-Set to reflect their ideas about the ideal mother. The results show strong convergence between maternal beliefs about the ideal mother and attachment theory's description of the sensitive mother across groups. Cultural group membership significantly predicted variations in maternal sensitivity belief scores, but this effect was substantially accounted for by group variations in socio-demographic factors. Mothers living in rural versus urban areas, with a low family income, and with more children, were less likely to describe the ideal mother as highly sensitive. Cultural group membership did remain a significant predictor of variations in maternal sensitivity belief scores above and beyond socio-demographic predictors. The findings are discussed in terms of the universal and culture-specific aspects of the sensitivity construct.

Chuquiraga weberbaueri “amaro” (Asteraceae) is a plant species popularly used for the treatment of animal fasciolosis in Peru. However, biological and chemical studies of this species remain scarce. Hence, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the anthelmintic effect of the hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. weberbaueri leaves on Fasciola hepatica, through a controlled and a therapeutic efficacy test in artificially infected sheep. In addition, the chemical composition of the extracts was evaluated using phytochemical screening and analysis by UHPLC-MS/MS. Among the evaluated extracts, the aqueous extract proved to be the most efficient and of low toxicity against F. hepatica, inhibiting about 70% of its oviposition, using a 100 mg/kg dose. The chemical study showed that the major constituents were phenolic derivatives, such as chlorogenic acid and ethyl caffeate, with the notable presence of flavonoids, saponins, and lactones. Therefore, it was possible to observe the antihelmintic effect of the C. weberbaueri on the F. hepatica, which suggests the use of this plant extract as a potential alternative in the sheep fasciolosis treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research examines the negative consumer emotions generated by the perception of social networks or traditional media with consumer behavior during the covid_19 pandemic. The study was developed in Peru with a sample of 220 consumers; the design is quantitative and structural equations were used for data processing. The results indicate that social networks and traditional media are not related to negative emotions, but are related to the change in consumer behavior in the purchase of more products and new products. The research has theoretical implications since it provides evidence to the literature that the negative emotions generated during the covid_19 pandemic are related to changes in consumer behavior, which affect the purchase of more products and new products. The practical implications of the research is for businessmen on the causes of changes in consumer behavior generated during crises. like the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corydoras multiradiatus (Orcés V.1960), commonly called "hog-nosed brochis" and popularly known in Peru as "coridora jumbo" is a species of commercial importance among the Amazonian ornamental fish. It is known that the integrity of the health of aquatic organisms positively increases the production and trade of quality products, however, the opposite negatively affects financial losses and production costs. Among the possible diseases, parasitism stands out, and there is still a lack of information, mainly about metazoans, parasitic species that infect C. multiradiatus. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the species of endoparasite metazoans in C. multiradiatus and evaluate the histological lesions present to provide information to ornamental fish producers about these pathologies. Thirty specimens of C. multiradiatus were collected by fishermen in the municipality of "Belén" in Iquitos, Peru. The results revealed the presence of Tylodelphys sp. and nematode larvae in the intestinal wall and Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pintoi (Kohn & Fernandes 1988) present in the intestine. The histopathological analysis of the intestine showed several lesions: necrosis; cell desquamation; infiltration of lymphocytes in the mucosa; transepithelial infiltration of lymphocytes; enterocyte hyperplasia; goblet cell hyperplasia and enterocyte desquamation. The study revealed the presence of endoparasites in C. multiradiatus collected in Iquitos, Loreto-Peru, and a moderate degree of damage caused by histological lesions in the intestine of infected fish. The results of this work will serve the fishermen, collectors and aquarists of the city of Iquitos, who, knowing the endoparasites present in C. multiradiatus and the damage they can cause to the fish, will be able to adopt prophylactic measures in order to guarantee the good condition of the fish for its consequent commercialization at a local, national and international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific production is fundamental in architecture schools for developing professionals with research capabilities involved in generating knowledge for society. The objective of this research was to analyze the scientific production of Peruvian architecture schools in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases until 2020. A bibliometric study was conducted considering the 37 schools of architecture recognized by SUNEDU. As a result, 131 documents were found (79 in Scopus, 30 in WoS, and 22 in both databases). The first publication was in 2005, and in the last two years (2019–2020), more than half (78) of the historical total of documents have been produced. A total of 190 authors were registered; 120 are of Peruvian affiliation, and 70 have an international affiliation. Articles were the most published type of document (56.4% in Scopus and 86.5% in WoS) and were published in more than 49 international journals. About half of the total publications were in English. This research shows that only 18 architecture schools have published at least one paper in Scopus or WoS. It is concluded that scientific production in Peruvian architecture schools is low, recent, and heterogeneous according to the university's type of administration (public or private) and location. It is necessary to implement strategies to promote scientific production from the undergraduate level and consider the research lines of the architecture schools in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyze the attitudes towards mathematics in university students of accounting and administrative sciences in Peru. The study was descriptive-comparative, quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional. A total of 700 university students from study programs related to accounting and administrative sciences, selected intentionally from a public university and two private universities in the city of Arequipa, participated in the study. A valid and reliable instrument was applied to collect the information. It is concluded that the university students present medium level attitudes with a high tendency towards mathematics, being positive in the general attitude and in the cognitive and behavioral attitudes. However, they present negative attitudes in the affective dimension, since most of the students do not like mathematics classes. When comparing attitudes towards mathematics, male students present better positive attitudes than female students; likewise, students in the banking and insurance program present better positive attitudes than students in other programs; and according to the academic cycle, students in the last cycles present better attitudes than students in the first academic cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Few birth cohorts in South America evaluate the joint effect of minerals and toxic metals on neonatal health. In Madre de Dios, Peru, mercury exposure is prevalent owing to artisanal gold mining, yet its effect on neonatal health is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine whether toxic metals are associated with lower birth weight and shorter gestational age independently of antenatal care and other maternal well-being factors. METHODS: Data are from the COhorte de NAcimiento de MAdre de Dios (CONAMAD) birth cohort, which enrolled pregnant women in Madre de Dios prior to their third trimester and obtained maternal and cord blood samples at birth. We use structural equation models (SEMs) to construct latent variables for the maternal metals environment (ME) and the fetal environment (FE) using concentrations of calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, magnesium, mercury, lead, and arsenic measured in maternal and cord blood, respectively. We then assessed the relationship between the latent variables ME and FE, toxic metals, prenatal visits, hypertension, and their effect on gestational age and birth weight. RESULTS: Among 198 mothers successfully enrolled and followed at birth, 29% had blood mercury levels that exceeded the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention threshold of 5.8μg/L and 2 mothers surpassed the former 5-μg/dL threshold for blood lead. The current threshold value is 3.5 μg/dL. Minerals and toxic metals loaded onto ME and FE latent variables. ME was associated with FE (β= 0.24; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.45). FE was associated with longer gestational age (β= 2.31; 95% CI: -0.3, 4.51) and heavier birth weight. Mercury exposure was not directly associated with health outcomes. A 1% increase in maternal blood lead shortened gestational age by 0.05 d (β= -0.75; 95% CI: -1.51, -0.13), which at the 5-μg/dL threshold resulted in a loss of 3.6 gestational days and 76.5 g in birth weight for newborns. Prenatal care visits were associated with improved birth outcomes, with a doubling of visits from 6 to 12 associated with 5.5 more gestational days (95% CI: 1.6, 9.4) and 319 g of birth weight (95% CI: 287.6, 350.7). DISCUSSION: Maternal lead, even at low exposures, was associated with shorter gestation and lower birth weight. Studies that focus only on harmful exposures or nutrition may mischaracterize the dynamic maternal ME and FE. SEMs provide a framework to evaluate these complex relationships during pregnancy and reduce overcontrolling that can occur with linear regression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In measuring human development, one of the main concerns relates to the inclusion of a measure that penalizes inequalities in the distribution of achievements across the population. Using indicators from nationally representative household surveys and census data, this paper proposes a straightforward methodology to estimate a household-based distribution-sensitive human development index aggregated through generalized means. The evidence shows that the losses in human development due to inequality reach up 22, 29 and 57% in Mexico, Peru and Nicaragua, respectively. Among dimensions, the loss in the income index reaches up 61% in Nicaragua, while the education index appears as the most sensitive in the case of Mexico and Peru, with a percentage of loss between 38 and 48%. The importance of household-level calculations is highlighted when we compare the indices computed from the entire distribution with those existing indices computed for quintiles of the distribution, which minimizes the losses due to inequality. Overall, the estimations evidence a higher sensitivity of the index to inequality, and therefore an important space for public action to reduce inequality that could involve positive development returns. (Contains 5 figures, 5 tables and 15 footnotes.)

Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Universidad Ricardo Palma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, the waste of resources has become one of the biggest problems for industries, due to the serious environmental, social and economic consequences it generates. Therefore, to ensure a production based on sustainable processes, it's essential to have a responsible management of resources, being the first step one of the most important ones, the identification. Thus, the present research work aims to develop and implement a method based on the integration of Green and Lean methodologies to systematically identify ecological waste, taking as a case study a nectar factory in Lima -- Peru. Through the implementation of tools such as Environmental Value Stream Mapping, Process Mapping or Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, it was found that the company generated a waste of 1584 litres of water and 38.5 kg of conditioned fruit every month. The identification of green waste is vital, as it is the first link in a long chain that contributes directly to improving the company's efficiency, profitability and reputation, as well as protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the rediscovery of Rubus pendulus Rusby, "Mora India", described in 1933 from Colombia and not mentioned again until the present study. We also update its distribution with eight new localities in Colombia, seven in Ecuador and one in Peru, being a new record for the flora of the latter two countries. This is the first time that R. pendulus' stipules and flowers are found and detailed through a botanical description, illustrations and photographs. Rubus pendulus is morphologically differentiated from R. bogotensis Benth., R. mollifrons Focke, R. porphyromallos Focke and R. urticifolius Poir., with whom it was previously confused and we give a brief explanation on the type specimen status of R. mollifrons and R. porphyromallos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination against mpox can control the outbreak by targeting high-risk groups such as the LGBTIQ+ community. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perceptions and intentions to get vaccinated against mpox among the LGBTIQ+ community in Peru. We conducted a cross-sectional study from 1 November 2022 to 17 January 2023 in Peru. We included individuals over 18 years old, belonging to the LGBTIQ+ community, and residing in the departments of Lima and Callao. To evaluate the factors associated with the intention to be vaccinated, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to create a multivariate model. The study comprised 373 individuals who self-identified as members of the LGBTIQ+ community. The participants had a mean age of 31 years (SD ± 9), with 85.0% males and 75.3% reporting to be homosexual men. The majority (88.5%) expressed their intention to receive the vaccine against mpox. Believing that the vaccine is safe was associated with a higher intention to be vaccinated (aPR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.50; p = 0.028). Our study population showed a high level of mpox vaccination intent. Educational campaigns reinforcing the concept of vaccine safety should be conducted to increase the intention and possibly the vaccination rate in the LGBTIQ+ community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of BIOAGRO is the property of Revista BIOAGRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Objective: Launching priority actions demand a comprehensive appraisal of the size effect that risk factors have on the burden of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents, with special emphasis on the role of specific risk factors. Materials and Methods: Secondary analysis of data from the younger cohort of the Young Lives Study in Peru (2002–2017). The outcomes were: overweight and obesity, defined by the World Health Organization standards; whereas the exposures included caesarean birth, physical activity levels, sodas and sugar‐sweetened beverages consumption, snacks consumption, and maternal body mass index (BMI). We used multilevel Poisson regression models, considering the repetitive nature of data, to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and population attributable fractions (PAFs). Results: A total of 2052 children, mean age 1 (SD 0.4) year, and 50% girls, were enrolled at baseline. After 14 (SD 0.5) years of follow‐up, the incidence of overweight and obesity were 7.9 (95% CI 7.6–8.2) and 2.2 (95% CI 2.0–2.4) per 100 person‐year, respectively. Maternal BMI (IRRs 3.51; PAF 31.8%), low physical activity (IRR 1.64; PAF 27.4%), caesarean birth (IRR 1.63; PAF 11.4%), almost daily snack consumption (IRR 1.60; PAF 32.1%), and almost daily consumption of sweetened beverages (IRR 1.47; PAF 26.0%) increased the risk of developing obesity. Conclusions: This study provides evidence on the risk of overweight and obesity attributable to diet habits, physical activity and the obesogenic niche among children and adolescents in Peru, which may guide the implementation of evidence‐based interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the experience of film production in the Peruvian Altiplano. The objective is to explore cinema as a sociocultural process and its incidence in the production of alternative fictional visual narrative that recovers native knowledge and languages, in addition to questioning the role of the state and hegemonic structures. With a qualitative methodology that combines field visits and conversations with filmmakers in the Puno region of Peru, it is found that the appropriation of film techniques and a collective work, inspired by the ayni, allow the people and their filmmakers to reflect, produce and disseminate a type of cinema with decolonial features that is well received by rural and urban audiences and has won international awards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to safe drinking water has increased in Peru over the last decades, from 47% (2008) to 52% (2018). Nevertheless, such access would differ according to socioeconomic and regional factors. Thus, this study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequality in the access to safe drinking water and identify its spatial distribution. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the secondary data analysis of the 2021 Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey. Access to safe drinking water was a dummy variable categorised as safe if the residual chlorine concentration was (0.5 mg/L. Nationwide, 29.22% of households had access to safe drinking water. A pro-rich inequality in access to safe drinking water was observed. The spatial distribution was clustered. Significant hotspots were found in the south and centre of the country; however, cold spots were found in most areas. SaTScan analysis identified 32 and 63 significant clusters at high and low risks of having access to safe drinking water, respectively. In conclusion, approximately one out of four Peruvian households has access to safe drinking water, which was mostly concentrated among the wealthier households. Intra- and interdepartmental inequalities in access to safe drinking water were found, with several high-risk clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed (1) to evaluate the agreement between two methods (equation and bio‐impedance analysis [BIA]) to estimate skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and (2) to assess if SMM was associated with all‐cause mortality risk in individuals across different geographical sites in Peru. Methods: We used data from the CRONICAS Cohort Study (2010–2018), a population‐based longitudinal study in Peru to assess cardiopulmonary risk factors from different geographical settings. SMM was computed as a function of weight, height, sex and age (Lee equation) and by BIA. All‐cause mortality was retrieved from national vital records. Cox proportional‐hazard models were developed and results presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: At baseline, 3216 subjects, 51.5% women, mean age 55.7 years, were analysed. The mean SMM was 23.1 kg (standard deviation [SD]: 6.0) by Lee equation, and 22.7 (SD: 5.6) by BIA. Correlation between SMM estimations was strong (Pearson's ρ coefficient = 0.89, p < 0.001); whereas Bland–Altman analysis showed a small mean difference. Mean follow‐up was 7.0 (SD: 1.0) years, and there were 172 deaths. In the multivariable model, each additional kg in SMM was associated with a 19% reduction in mortality risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75–0.88) using the Lee equation, but such estimate was not significant when using BIA (HR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.94–1.03). Compared to the lowest tertile, subjects at the highest SMM tertile had a 56% reduction in risk of mortality using the Lee equation, but there was no such association when using BIA estimations. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation and agreement between SMM estimates obtained by the Lee equation and BIA. However, an association between SMM and all‐cause mortality exists only when the Lee equation is used. Our findings call for appropriate use of approaches to estimate SMM, and there should be a focus on muscle mass in promoting healthier ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicinal plant beverages sold in the streets of Peru constitute traditional nutraceutical foods, that are little studied. Changes and the socioeconomic factors associated with these changes, in the beverages sold in the city of Cajamarca (Peru), were evaluated between 2004 and 2018. Methods included surveys, interviews, direct observation and participatory observation. The number of beverages offered ranged from 6 to 12. The "maca" (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) cart left the market, and the "sugar cane" (Saccharum officinarum L.) juice cart entered. The number of carts increased by 84%, and "orange" [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] juice became the most important. Medicinal species decreased by 26%, with exclusions, inclusions and new combinations, and were recommended for nine types of conditions. Overall demand grew by 251%. The most important factors associated to changes were the growth of the floating population (university students, mining workers, tourists and travelers) and the relevance or "boom" of Peruvian gastronomy. Beverages were able to position themselves in the market and grow through diversification and improvements. This research provides information on dynamics of the beverages and the plants used and has a historical character for the city of Cajamarca and Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coastal marine protected ecosystem at Punta Coles (as a part of the Reserva Nacional de Islas, Islotes y Puntas Guaneras) is located in a highly exploited area in southern Peru and contains several commercial, bioengineering and other benthic species.Pre‐image population analysis was used to estimate the transient values of intrinsic growth rate (r) based on biomass and density time series as a proxy of productivity to assess the effectiveness of protection.The outcomes obtained showed that the gastropods Concholepas concholepas, Fissurella latimartiginata and the tunicate Purya chilensis showed a reduction of productivity during recent years, whilst the sea urchin Loxechinus albus, the barnacle Balanus laevis and the bivalve Semimytilus algosus showed an opposite pattern. Several species exhibited a chaotic dynamic, coinciding with the highest productivity values. In 2016 and 2017, several species exhibited a reduction of their abundance which could be delayed responses explained by changes in oceanographic conditions (reduction of coastal upwelling), La Niña event and illegal harvest.The above notwithstanding, the results suggest that effective protection of benthic species in the protected ecosystem of Punta Coles have been partially accomplished. Therefore, this work could be considered a baseline study, permitting the subsequent monitoring of productivity of the main species inhabiting the coastal area of Punta Coles.Pre‐image population analysis could be used as a complimentary analytical tool since it enables the evaluation of transient population parameters (e.g. productivity) thus aiding population management, conservation and monitoring decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overcoming complex environmental challenges demands different forms of stakeholder participation and collective action. While informative and relevant for participatory interventions, the literatures on collective action and participatory governance have largely remained disconnected. We illustrate how the institutional analysis and development (IAD), network of (adjacent) action situation (NAS) and social–ecological system (SES) frameworks can be combined to provide a coherent approach that integrates these literatures, applies their insights and bridges this disconnect. We compare two similar participatory interventions, one in Colombia and one in Peru, whose design and implementation we supported. Transdisciplinary in nature, both sought to foster collective action for watershed management. The frameworks allow us to demarcate, characterise and reflect upon the action situations (ASs) for the collective choice, coordination and knowledge generation that constituted each participatory intervention (i.e. the constituent NAS) and other relevant operational and institutional ASs that lay outside the boundaries of the participatory interventions. These other ASs may not be linked to one another or to the intervention's constituent NAS, but they influence the outcomes of interest nevertheless, thereby shaping the potential of the participatory interventions for collective action and sustainable natural resource management. The framework then suggests, and our comparative analysis illustrates, that organisers and researchers of participatory interventions, such as multi-actor deliberative platforms and transdisciplinary research projects, should carefully consider, reflect upon and address the constellation of relevant actors, ASs and contexts co-determining the outcomes of interest. Our study demonstrates how the IAD, SES and NAS frameworks can support that endeavour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Nowadays, feeling analysis has become a trend; above all, in digital product development companies, as it is essential for rapid and automatic analysis. Feeling analysis deals with emotions with the help of software, and it is playing an unavoidable role in workplaces. The constant growth of social networks, especially the Twitter social network, has made the ability to understand and comprehend users or clients take a greater scope regarding their needs; and therefore, increase the complexity of analysis of this social network, causing excessive expenses in time, personnel, and money. This work presents a solution through the application of Machine Learning (ML) for feeling analysis and thus improve analysis, execution time and customer satisfaction. The scope of this research is limited to using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), a supervised learning technique for the intended analysis. The model derives from the ML technique making use of cross validation. CRISP-ML(Q) is the applied Methodology. The results show that the use of ML allows efficient feeling analysis in Twitter communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: OXA-48-like carbapenemases have been found in a growing and varied number of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) isolates, and they are spreading to several countries. Although this oxacillinase leads to weak resistance to carbapenems without affecting broad-spectrum cephalosporin activity, when they are associated with other resistance mechanisms, the level of resistance to these antibiotics may be significantly higher. This weak resistance against carbapenems and cephalosporins, along with the absence of other resistance mechanisms, could render OXA-48-like harboring isolates undetected in the laboratory routine. In addition, the lack of a specific screening test for this enzyme complicates the detection of these isolates. This report characterizes the first isolates of OXA-48-like CPE detected in our laboratory. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima - Peru, between March and December 2021. OXA-48-like CPE isolates were detected as part of the routine microbiological study, and clinical data were obtained by reviewing medical records. The automated microbiological system provides the bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profile by the dilution method. Additionally, the column chromatography test is used to detect carbapenemase enzymes, including OXA48-like. Finally, the molecular identification of the OXA-48-like enzyme was carried out by Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR amplification for the blaOXA-48-like. Results: Seven OXA-48-like CPE strains were isolated. Notably, in all cases, the automated system issued a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥1 ug/mL for ertapenem and a MIC of >64/4 ug/mL for piperacillin/tazobactam. In addition, resistance category to imipenem and meropenem was found (2/7), at least one indeterminate category for any of these carbapenems (5/7), and other serine β-lactamases such as Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (3/7) and AmpC (3/7). The immunochromatographic study confirmed the presence of the OXA-48-like enzyme in all isolates, while class A and class B were ruled out for them. Finally, the multiplex PCR, for the five isolates that could be recovered, showed amplification for carbapenemase OXA-48-like, while none of the other carpabemases was amplified for class A or class B carbapenemase genes. Conclusion: We confirm the emergence of OXA-48-like CPE isolates in our cancer center and highlight the need to implement surveillance and detection measures of these strains, for controlling their dissemination. We found practical and inexpensive methodologies for the detection of OXA-48-like CPE: (1) the finding of resistance to ertapenem and piperacillin/ tazobactam in the antibiogram in the absence of class A and B carbapenemases, for screening and (2) immunochromatographic study, for confirmation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is the first attempt to determine the local stability and resilience of the highly exploited oceanic ecosystem of Peru, integrating the use of fisher knowledge (FK) by government institutions (GI), which could increase sustainable governance and improve the design of management strategies. To do this, five simplified semi-quantitative eco-social models with different levels of complexity were constructed. The Routh-Hurwitz local stability criterion 1 (RH1) showed that all models (with and without the link between FK and GI) exhibited the highest percentages of transient stable states in the scenario of demand and fishers in self-negative feedback (D- & F-). Only the least complex eco-social models (models 1 and 2) exhibited an increase in the average values of Fs (stability) and Fn (resilience) when connecting FK with GI, whereas the more complex models showed the opposite trend. Although the link that connects FK by GI would allow increasing the number of stable transient states in the most complex eco-social models (models 3, 4 and 5), however FK would be self-controlled, that is, an evaluation of the quantity and quality of the information available is required. Since the models constructed are simplifications of the eco-social system studied, they allowed us to identify the conditions of stable/resilient (sustainable) scenarios, which would help us in decision-making and governance based on the use of FK in Peruvian fisheries management and monitoring. • The usefulness of fisher knowledge (FK) was integrated into eco-social networks in Peru. • Local stability and resilience in exploited eco-social networks were estimated. • FK increased the number of stable transient states, but reduced stability and resilience. • FK should exhibit negative self-feedback (or self-controlled). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Peru faces challenges to provide adequate care to stroke patients. Length of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality are two well-known indicators of stroke care. We aimed to describe the length of stay (LOS) of stroke in Peru, and to assess in-hospital mortality risk due to stroke, and subtypes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used hospitalization registries coding with ICD-10 from 2002 to 2017 (N = 98,605) provided by the Ministry of Health; in-hospital mortality was available for 2016-2017 (N = 6,566). Stroke cases aged =35 years were divided into subarachnoid hemorrhage (I60), intracerebral hemorrhage (I61), cerebral infarction (I63), and stroke not specified as hemorrhage or infarction (I64). Data included stroke LOS and in-hospital mortality; socio-demographic and clinical variables. We fitted a region- and hospital level-stratified Weibull proportional hazard model to assess the in-hospital mortality. Results: The median LOS was 7 days (IQR: 4-13). Hemorrhagic strokes had median LOS longer than ischemic strokes and stroke not specified as hemorrhage or infarction (P = <0.001). The case fatality rate (CFR) of patients with stroke was 11.5% (95% CI [10-12%]). Subarachnoid hemorrhage (HR = 2.45; 95% CI [1.91-3.14]), intracerebral hemorrhage (HR = 1.95; 95% CI [1.55-2.46]), and stroke not specified as hemorrhage or infarction (HR = 1.45; 95% CI [1.16-1.81]) were associated with higher in-hospital mortality risk in comparison to ischemic strokes. Discussion: Between 2002 and 2017, LOS due to stroke has not changed in Peru in stroke patients discharged alive. Hemorrhagic cases had the longest LOS and highest in-hospital mortality risk during 2016 and 2017. The findings of our study seem to be consistent with a previous study carried out in Peru and similar to that of HIC and LMIC, also there is an increased median LOS in stroke cases managed in specialized centers. Likewise, LOS seems to depend on the type of stroke, where ischemic stroke cases have the lowest LOS. Peru needs to improve access to stroke care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene constitutes a true revolution in understanding the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its implication in health states. This study details microbial composition through next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in children with anemia. Anemia is the most frequent hematological disorder that affects human beings. In Peru, it is one of the conditions that presents the most significant concern due to the adverse effects that cause it, such as delayed growth and psychomotor development, in addition to a deficiency in cognitive development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political and economic crisis in Venezuela has originated an unprecedented migration. As of November 2020, 1.04 million Venezuelans have moved to Peru. Understanding their health profile is needed to identify their needs, provide care and secure resources without affecting the healthcare of nationals. We quantified the burden of multimorbidity and disability in the Venezuelan population in Peru. We analyzed the 2018 Survey of Venezuelan Population Living in Peru; population-based with random sampling survey in six cities in Peru. Participants were asked about the presence of 12 chronic conditions (self-reported); this information was grouped into 0, 1 and ≥ 2 conditions (i.e., multimorbidity). Disability was also ascertained with a self-reported questionnaire adapted from the short version of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. Socioeconomic variables were analyzed as potential determinants. Variables were described with frequencies and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), compared with Chi2 test, and association estimates were derived with a Poisson regression reporting prevalence ratio and 95% CI. Results accounted for the complex survey design. The analysis included 7554 migrants, mean age 31.8 (SD: 10.2), 46.6% were women, 31.7% migrated alone and 5.6% had refugee status. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 0.6% (95% CI 0.4–0.9%), and was often present in women (p < 0.001), people ≥ 50 years (p < 0.001) and those without recent job (p < 0.001). The prevalence of disability was 2.0% (95% CI 1.5–2.7%), and was common among people ≥ 50 years (p < 0.001) and those without recent job (p < 0.001). Migration alone and refugee status were not associated with multimorbidity or disability. The self-reported prevalence of multimorbidity and disability in Venezuelan migrants in Peru was low, and were not strongly influenced by migration status. While these results could suggest a healthy migrant effect, the healthcare system should be prepared to deliver acute and preventive care for these migrants, while also securing primary prevention to delay the onset of chronic conditions in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To determine whether there is an association between high blood glucose levels and having autonomic symptoms among adults aged 30-69 years.Material and Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The presence of autonomic symptoms was defined as the positive response to any item of the Survey of Autonomic Symptoms (SAS). Blood glucose levels were defined as euglycemia, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), based on oral glucose tolerance test. Poisson regression, with link log and robust variance, and linear regression were conducted to evaluate the association of interest.Results: A total of 1607 subjects, mean age 48.2 (SD: 10.6) and 810 (49.7 %) women, were included. T2D was associated with higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (PR = 3.00; 95 % CI: 1.78-5.02) and dryness of mouth and eyes (PR = 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.02-1.61) compared with those with euglycemia. Those with T2D had 0.32 (95 % CI: 0.04-0.62) and 1.03 (95 % CI: 0.03-2.03) more points in the SAS score and severity scale, respectively.Conclusions: Erectile dysfunction and dry mouth and eyes are the more common autonomic symptoms associated with T2D. Our results suggest a periodic evaluation of sexual function and eye humidity among T2D patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a powerful tool for assessing biodiversity in different environments and may be a complementary method compared to traditional methods to assess biodiversity. We tested eDNA as a complementary tool to assess marine biodiversity at Lobos de Afuera islands (ILA) in Peru. Nine water samples were collected from three sites within ILA using a commercial eDNA kit and then analyzed using vertebrate, teleost, and marine mammal primers targeting the 12S rRNA gene. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) classified at order, family, genus, and species levels were compared to baseline reports obtained through visual survey methods. Compared with traditional methods, eDNA assays identified 26% fewer species. However, it was a cost-effective method due to the higher number of identified bony fish species per sampling unit. The eDNA assays provided a broader representation of higher taxonomic levels (order, family, and genus), with a higher sensitivity for bony fish than the traditional methods used. Also, the same numbers of orders and families reported by visual assessments were detected with eDNA. Our study shows practical implications for using eDNA for biota assessments in remote and isolated areas. Future efforts should aim to catalog the biodiversity from inaccessible places using eDNA-methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)