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Background: The CS-DS (Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale) was designed and validated in 1985 and to date its applications in research studies are unknown. Objective: To analyze the uses of the CS-DS scale through a systematic review and compare scores of indirect self-destructive in different population groups in the period 1985-2019. Methods: Systematic review in five multidisciplinary databases with three search strategies following Cochrane recommendations, the phases of the PRISMA guide and the MOOSE guide criteria. The selection of the studies and the extraction of the variables was carried out by two researchers guaranteeing reproducibility. The methodological quality was evaluated and meta-analysis of indirect measures was performed by type of population studied, random effects meta-analysis for difference of means according to sex and meta-regression by scale dimensions. Results: were included 23 studies with 6,382 individuals. The lowest self-destructiveness was found in a healthy population and psoriasis, the highest in drug addiction, followed by suicide attempts, delinquency, anxiety or depression and schizophrenia. In healthy population, no differences were found according to sex and in people with suicidal intent there was greater self-destructiveness in men in the dimensions of personal and social negligence, lack of planning and impotence and passivity in the face of problems. Conclusion: The CS-DS scale has been applied basically in the United States and Poland, in different populations of healthy and sick people. CS-DS demonstrates discriminating ability to profile self-destructiveness in different populations, mainly with mental disorders, while its dimensions have a differential profile by sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]