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The Bologna Process has led to a remodelling of the European Higher Education area, aimed at its standardization. The objective of this research is to analyze and compare the education systems and teacher training courses of the first Cycle of Basic Education in two European Union member states, Portugal and the Czech Republic. This choice is due to the fact that the authors of this article, Portuguese university professors, carried out an Erasmus+ experience in the Czech Republic in 2017. This research aims to highlight the similarities, but also to acknowledge the differences between these two countries, in relation to their education system and teacher training, as well as to analyze surveys applied to Portuguese and Czech university students (future teachers), in which they were asked to express their satisfaction with the new teacher training. From a non-probabilistic convenience sample, a questionnaire survey was used as a data collection technique, applied to a total of 36 respondents (N = 36), of which 23 were Czech students and 13 were Portuguese. The results of this research point to the students' satisfaction with the new teacher training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]