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On June 21, 1852, in his thesis to obtain the doctoral degree at the Faculty of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro, Francisco José do Canto e Mello Castro Mascarenhas recorded the first systematization of medical and surgical works, published or known in Brazil prior to the establishment of medical schools in 1832. Despite its originality, this work is still little known in Brazilian historiography, and the list of selected books is also not extensively explored by those investigating the teaching of medical professions in 19thcentury Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present, accompanied by a brief commentary on the author and the work, a complete and unpublished transcription of this pioneering bibliographic essay by Canto e Mello. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]