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Excessive urbanization represents an increasingly significant challenge in relation to the management of aquatic urban spaces, leading to the alteration and contamination of lake bodies. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of urbanization on the natural environment by evaluating the water quality of Tăbăcăriei Lake, a Natura 2000 site, part of a lake complex, along with Siutghiol Lake. The analysis methodology included measuring the level of certain water quality parameters (e.g. nitrates, phosphates, CO2, dissolved oxygen), carried out between March and September 2022. Additionally, a questionnaire was applied to the local community, which sought to highlight its perception related to the anthropogenic impact on water quality, the pollution problems observed in the lake basin and the consequences regarding the degradation of the protected area. The results revealed that there are exceedances of the water quality parameters, the causes being the discharges of waste and contaminated water directly into the lake. The analysis shows that excessive urbanization causes the imbalance and pollution of urban lake spaces, and it is necessary to implement a specific ecological protection management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on Collaborative Parking Management in Constanta, Romania, examining the role of public policies and citizen participation in improving the availability and quality of parking spaces. The study's general objective is to evaluate citizens' perceptions of parking spaces in Constanta and identify potential solutions to improve the current situation. To achieve this, the study outlines six specific objectives, including analyzing parking space availability, evaluating the quality of parking infrastructure, examining opinions on parking regulation and costs, investigating the impact on the environment, assessing the influence on vehicle and pedestrian safety, and identifying solutions for parking management improvement. The research tool utilized for this study was an online questionnaire, which included six dimensions related to parking space availability and quality, regulation and costs, impact on the environment, and safety, as well as a section for participants to make recommendations. This study aims to provide insight into the current state of parking in Constanta and offer practical solutions for improving the parking situation through collaboration between citizens and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on urban mobility in Constanta, Romania and other cities around the world. This has resulted in reduced travel, increased bicycle and pedestrian trips, fewer taxicabs, and shorter public transport hours. It has also generated increased challenges for local authorities regarding safety, hygiene, air quality, road network management and public trust in public transit systems. On the other hand, the pandemic presents many opportunities for cities to rethink their urban mobility plans and adopt more sustainable transport solutions. This paper will look at the challenges and opportunities posed by the pandemic on urban mobility in Constanta and the measures that can be taken to mitigate the negative impacts while taking advantage of the opportunities it provides. This paper aims to provide an overview of the perception of urban mobility in the city of Constanța, Romania. It draws upon the results of a survey conducted among citizens in the city, which asked respondents to assess their perception regarding the quality, availability, and efficiency of urban mobility services in their area. The results show that most respondents feel that the availability of urban mobility services is limited and that the quality and efficiency of these services are poor. Additionally, majority of respondents feel that the lack of public transportation options and the lack of bicycle lanes impede urban mobility in Constanța. The paper concludes by suggesting that the city should consider investing in improved public transportation options and bike lanes in order to increase its urban mobility. Additionally, public education surrounding urban mobility and transportation safety is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of information, consultation, and communication in Romanian Local Public Administrations within the Online Sphere, where digital transition supplements traditional methods and introduces new opportunities and challenges. The focus is on public engagement in online communications, especially concerning public consultation invitations from local administrations. Data from Facebook posts by the municipalities of Constanta and Cluj-Napoca was analyzed using FanPageKarma and RStudio, providing insights into public participation. The research underscores the importance of online platforms in promoting transparency, citizen engagement, and collaborative decision-making in open governance. It reveals that despite the number of public consultation posts being relatively low, they affirm the commitment to participatory governance. Interestingly, posts not explicitly inviting public consultation saw higher engagement rates, suggesting the necessity of appealing content and audience understanding. The study also found that urban planning posts had lower engagement, indicating a potential need for simpler communication strategies for technical topics. The findings highlight that while digital platforms have been used effectively for citizen engagement, there is a need for continuous improvement and adaptation to maintain transparent and inclusive governance. The research adds to our understanding of the strategies employed in digital transitions and the importance of gauging public perception of online communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Triple Entente (France, Great Britain and Russia) and The Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) were in a fierce arms race and war preparations, both of them looking for new allies and raw materials for leading the war. On 28th of June / 11th of July 1914, World War I broke out. As the war progressed, Romania could no longer remain neutral as it was decided when war started. There was pressure on the Romanian state and also promises. During this time, the 9th Infantry Division was deployed in the Quadrilateral. Division's headquarter was established in Silistra city, 17th Infantry Brigade was in Bazargic city and 34th Infantry Regiment was in Constanța garrison. During this time, it was planned to fill the gaps in armament and the logistic materials. Also, the fortification works at the newly established sites were rushed and the old ones in Turtucaia, Silistra, Cernavodă and Hârșova were reinforced. In 1915 the armies of Bulgaria and Greece were mobilized. They declared that arming was "just a simple measure of precaution and not a hostile purpose against Romania". In 1916, they were aware that against a superior enemy in numbers and arms, Romanian army was not able of a serious resistance in South Dobruja. On 14th of July / 27th of July 1916, Turtucaia and Silistra were put on the defensive positions. During night between 19th-20th of August / 1st-2nd of September, Bulgarian and German troops attacked simultaneously the entire sector of the front line from the Turtucaia's bridgehead area. On 24th of August / 6th of September 1916, the military actions at Turtucaia were dramatic and the last ones taken in that area. After the defeat of the Romanian army at Turtucaia, in November 1916, most of Dobruja, except the Danube Delta, was occupied by the troops of the Central Powers until November 1918. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although developments in the Balkans were important in process leading up to the First World War, Romania's military power, the strategic importance of tje Constanta Port all on the radar of Germany -one of most powerful states of that period. The Romanian army's victory in Second Balkan War was a priority in determining balances in Balkans before the First World War. Moreover, its military deterrent was a key issue that would end up dictating which political power would eventually dominate the Balkans. On the other hand, the Constanta Port, proved instrumental in determining the weight of Russia in the Balkans, as well as in offering it economic benefits via export of Romanian oil abroad. The port was at an advantage position-wise because it connected Ottoman Empire with Germany, and because it defended the Black Sea Strait in the North during the First World War. In this study, we shall analyse pre-WWI Romania's military capacity as well as the strategic importance of Constanta Port using German sources. We will also take a look at what lead to the Romanian army's defeat during the war, and why Constanta Port was so significant in bringing balance to the Black Sea region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to investigate the wind conditions at 150 m above the surface, using the extreme value theory, a branch of statistics dealing with the extreme deviations from the median of probability distributions, and the physical model of the MERRA 2 global reanalysis data set in the nearby area of Cobadin Commune, Constanta County, Romania. The insights of the wind characteristics and the knowledge of the extreme values of the wind speed can be useful, not just for the designers, in the rational assessment of the structural safety of wind turbines, but also those evaluating the insured losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sustained progress of the town of Constanta, a predominantly commercial and touristic centre, needed the support of a modern transport infrastructure, i.e. secure and quick communication networks. This is why the development of the land transportation system, technically, as well as organizationally, turned out to be just as important as the harbour's well known commercial shipping lanes. As such, the city was among the first towns in the country to build a connecting railway with the Danube River, once the bridges over the river were put up, and, consequently, to have a direct link with Western Europe, and the Orient Express. On the other hand, the city owes much of its progress to the local authorities, for whom the transport from town to places such as the harbour, the hippodrome, the beaches at Vii and Mamaia, were not to be neglected. Overall, this progress transformed Constanta into one of the most modern and dynamic economic areas in the Romanian Old Kingdom, in the early 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In October 1916, the German, Bulgarian and Ottoman armies entered in Dobrudja with a total of 10 divisions. The defense line was broken, and by this reason Constanța was evacuated on 21 October. The author is publishing the entire report on this action, written after a week by the commander of the harbor, Commodore Constantin Mihuț. From this document results that the harbor would have resisted more time if the Russian navy would have been attacked the Tuzla area with bombs. The equipment was not destroyed because the same Russians hoped that the harbor will be recovered. Only few ships were saved and sent to Sulina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]