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6 results on '"Randolph, L"'

1. The Educational System of Romania. Education around the World.

Author

Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC. and Braham, Randolph L.

Abstract

An overview of the educational system of Romania is presented in this pamphlet. The system consists of preschool education in kindergartens; ten years of compulsory general education divided into three cycles (primary, gymnasium, and lyceum or vocational education); one to two years of post secondary specialized education; and higher education in universities, institutes, academies, and conservatories. A number of specialized institutions also provide instruction for adults, art students, the handicapped, and Party cadres. Tuition is free at all levels. Romanian is the language of instruction throughout the country, although the Constitution also provides for education in the languages of national minorities. Student achievement is evaluated on the basis of classroom performance, oral and written examinations, and general behavior. Educational policies are formulated by the central executive organs of the Communist Party and are implemented primarily by state and other governmental organizations. The Ministry of Education normally formulates rules and regulations underlying the educational process for all levels and types of education. Recent developments include an emphasis on adaptation to technological changes through better trained professional manpower in engineering, chemistry, economics, and other fields. (Author/AV)

Published
1978

2. Education in Romania: A Decade of Change.

Author

Braham, Randolph L.

Abstract

This second study of Romanian education reports important reforms that have strengthened the educational system and, moreover, provides a picture of the system at all education levels as of the 1969-70 academic year. Since Communist acquisition of power late in 1947, three major educational reforms have reflected a progressive nationalistic educational trend. The first, in 1947, aligned Romania's Western-oriented educational system with that of the Soviet Union; the second, in 1955, called for reorganization of the schools along polytechnical lines. Revealing a bolder posture toward national independence and also reflecting political aspirations and educational objectives of the regime, the third reform in the 1960's was designed to further Romania's long-range plans for industrialization and technical development and fostered change in general education, higher education, teacher education, and the vocational system. Among the achievements of this latter reform were: 1) the revitalization and modernization of higher education, and alignment of Romania's higher education with the modernization process occurring in the west; 2) extension from 8 to 10 years of free and compulsory education; 3) a rise of enrollment at all levels; and, 4) reorganization of vocational education. (SJM)

Published
1972

3. Education in the Rumanian People's Republic.

Author

Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC. and Braham, Randolph L.

Abstract

This bulletin is the Office of Education's first one on education in Rumania, and the subject is presented in its historical and current political, economic, social, and cultural setting, from a non-communistic perspective. Nine chapters present the country's background, a history of its educational system from 1832, and detailed descriptions of: preprimary education, general education, vocational and technical education, higher education, teacher training, and organizations for children, youth, and adults. A final chapter presents the author's conclusions and evaluations. Appendices cover general education textbooks and a glossary of Rumanian terms used in the bulletin. Both the text and appendices are illustrated with charts and statistical tables. (Author/DJB)

Published
1963

4. Education in the Rumanian People's Republic. Bulletin, 1964, No. 1. OE-14087

Author

US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education (ED) and Braham, Randolph L.

Abstract

This study is the latest addition to a series of bulletins on education in foreign countries published by the U.S. Office of Education. The series is intended to fill multiple and increasing needs, both within and outside the Government; specifically, to provide assistance to registrars and admissions officers in their placement of foreign students, comprehensive data on foreign systems of education for comparative education and area specialists and scholars, and general information for a variety of individuals, groups, and programs. The present bulletin is the Office of Education's first one on education in Rumania, and the subject is presented in its historical and current political, economic, social, and cultural setting. The author has brought to the study painstaking scholarship and research in primary sources, including official documents; fluency in the Rumanian language; and a personal knowledge of the country before its conversion to a Communist state. He has used the most recent available sources, many of them in collections of the Library of Congress and the Office of Education. Some of the latter were acquired by the Office's Bureau of International Education through an informal exchange of publications with the Rumanian Ministry of Education. Others, comprising a set of Rumanian textbooks, were presented to the Bureau by the Ministry in 1960. This document is divided into nine chapters, as follows: (1) The Country's Background; (2) The Educational System; (3) Preprimary Education: Nurseries and Kindergartens; (4) General Education: Elementary and Secondary Schools; (5) Vocational and Technical Education; (6) Higher Education; (7) Teachers and the Teaching Profession; (8) Organizations for Children, Youths, and Adults; and (9) Evaluation and Conclusions. Appended are: (1) Textbooks Used in the 11-Year School of General Education, Rumanian People's Republic; (2) Glossary of Rumanian Terms Appearing in This Publication; (3) Tables Showing Changes in Rumanian Education between 1959-60 and 1961-62; and (4) Bibliography. Individual sections contain footnotes. (Contains 38 tables, 3 charts, and 1 map.) [Best copy available has been provided.]

Published
1964

5. The German-Allied States and the Holocaust.

Author

Braham, Randolph L.

Subjects
HOLOCAUST, 1939-1945, JEWS, WORLD War II -- Deportations, BULGARIAN history, 1941-1944, WORLD War II, FINNISH history, 1939-1945, HUNGARIAN history, 1918-1945, CROATIAN history, 1918-1945, SLOVAKIAN history, 1918-1945, TWENTIETH century, HISTORY
Abstract

The article discusses the extent of the Holocaust in states that were allied with Nazi Germany, including Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Hungary, Romania, and Slovakia. Topics include the impact of military events on the cooperation of political leaders with German plans, the survival of native Jews and deportation of Jewish refugees from Finland, Romania, and Hungary, and the impact of prior anti-Semitism on the treatment of Jews. It is said that church leaders in Bulgaria and Finland were able to minimize the killing of Jews in their countries.

Published
2013

6. A TV documentary on rescue during the Holocaust.

Author

Braham, Randolph L.

Subjects
*HOLOCAUST, 1939-1945
Abstract

Discusses the depiction of Jewish persecution during World War II in the Romanian media. Absolution of Romanian involvement in the mass murder of Jews by German and Russian occupation forces by the regime of Nicolae Ceausescu; Distortion of accounts of rescue of Jews in the television production `Drumul Vietii'; Smuggling of refugees across the border.

Published
1994

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