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The intensification of innovation processes in Russia is a challenging task that requires a continuous search for solutions to make possible the many required changes in economics. We consider the major factors needed to advance an innovative activity at all levels in the national economy to have a freely exchanged flow of innovative ideas between all actors involved. As practice shows, the currently existing models in the country to deal with open innovations are mostly based on a cluster development approach, which is still limited. The authors propose synergizing the cluster approach with an ecosystem innovation model, which should ensure an effective collaboration and an accelerated rate for the diffusion of innovations between various actors while involving various regions. The purpose of the study was to develop a conceptual model for implementing open proposals from participants in the innovation economy. The research methodology is based on numerous works in the field of open innovation theory, cluster and ecosystem approaches. The study utilizes empirical and dialectical methods of scientific knowledge. The methodological toolkit covers information processing with historical analysis, a literature review using the Russian Citation Index and Scopus databases, analysis and diagnostics of innovative activity in domestic regions, the comparison method, modeling and correlation analysis. We concluded that the interaction of participants in the Russian regions through implementing the cluster model is not sufficiently effective and requires the development of new methodological approaches. Therefore, we propose combining the cluster approach with the ecosystem innovation model, which should ensure an effective cooperation and accelerate the rate of innovation dissemination among various subjects involving several regions. To determine the approach's efficiency, the proposed concept should be tested in one or more regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decade, the blockchain technology has been actively embraced by an increasing number of companies. Blockchain has proven its effectiveness not only in the financial sector, but also in logistics and supply chain management, and has received extensive coverage in the scientific literature. At the same time, the implementation of blockchain in logistics and supply chain management (SCM) is technically difficult and requires significant financial costs. In this regard, its distribution in countries across the world is uneven. In this study, we compare the implementation of blockchain in countries with developed (Germany) and emerging (Russia) economies. Thus, our study provides new findings and information on the similarities and differences in blockchain implementation strategies in countries with developed and emerging economies. This comparative analysis reveals country peculiarities and different approaches regarding the application of blockchain technologies. The research methodology is based on the case study method. Three economic sectors are selected for the cross-country comparative analysis: the energy, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The analysis is focused on the use of blockchain along all three parts of the supply chain: upstream, production and downstream. Using theory building through case studies, our research results reveal many similarities in blockchain implementation in Germany and Russia. They show that blockchain is actively used in all three analyzed sectors by companies in both countries. Moreover, the technology proves its effectiveness in both upstream and downstream parts of the supply chain. In both Germany and Russia, blockchain is mainly used by large businesses due to its high costs. However, there are some differences regarding the implementation process of the technology in both countries. Firstly, the state support is required for some Russian blockchain projects. Secondly, none of the Russian companies has the necessary "full range" of blockchain competencies, so all Russian projects are carried out in collaboration with other parties, primarily IT partners. Thirdly, most of the Russian blockchain projects are still local in nature and relate to the use of technology in the relationship between the specific supplier and corresponding consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to elaborate an econometric model to determine the conditions for ensuring the balanced development of environmental, economic, and social components of the Russian agricultural sector within the Eastern European region. The method of fuzzy sets was used to build an integral model for assessing the level of sustainable development of the agricultural sector in Eastern Europe on the basis of economic, environmental, and social sustainability indicators. The control indicators (independent variables) and integral economic, environmental, social sustainability (dependent variables) helped build multifactor linear regression models and calculate the indicators of elasticity of dependent variables from independent variables, which characterize the change in sustainable development indicators with the growth of controlling factors by 1%. This model allows us to define and analyze the levels of sustainable development of the industry, both in a specific country and within the region in general. The study shows that, for Russia and Eastern European countries, innovation is one of the crucial factors in ensuring sustainable development of agriculture in the region, taking into account the current state and level of economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovative economy is based on effective interaction between the scientific and educational sphere and the business environment, free flow of innovative ideas, and active commercialization of developments in order to constantly update and develop the domestic economy through new technologies. At the moment, a model of effective interaction between universities, business structures, and government in Russia has not been built. This research is aimed to develop a mechanism for multilateral interaction between universities and other participants in the innovation system, which ensures the activation of scientific and innovative activities, acceleration of the transfer process, and effective commercialization of innovative ideas. Methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of the offered interaction mechanism based on the open innovation platform we conducted a complex multi-criteria assessment of forecast indicators of a university's innovation activity effectiveness. We conducted two online surveys. Heads of scientific laboratories at the university (N = 4) and representatives of business (N = 3) acted as experts. The first survey was intended to indicate the weight of innovation activity indicators reflecting the significance of these indicators in the framework of innovation development. In the second survey, experts defined the forecast indicators of the university's innovation activity after implementation of the proposed interaction mechanism. Results. The conducted study revealed the importance of enhancing cooperation between universities and other innovation system actors for achieving higher results of innovation activity. The calculation of the effectiveness of the offered interaction mechanism showed positive influence on the university's innovation activity indicators. Thus, the mechanism can be used by multidisciplinary universities to increase their innovation activity indicators as well as the potential of all interacting entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper relevance is related to the need to develop new approaches to the innovative economy management. The paper purpose is to develop innovative development analytical model in the economic sectors context based on open innovations' theoretical concepts study and systematization. The paper presents the characteristics for innovative activity system-forming elements, including the innovative infrastructure at the meso-level. An innovation triple helix model is suggested by economic activity types in national innovation systems on economic and mathematical simulation basis. The paper materials can be used to develop innovation activities forecasts of science, business and the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital trading apps are evidence of developing open innovations in the financial sector. The investment industry (including banks and brokers) can greatly benefit from the utilization of digital trading applications and corresponding tools, such as smart contracts. The goal of this research paper is to examine the possibility that brokers' existing mobile apps outperform banks without mobile apps in the Russian financial sector. The efficiency of brokers is compared to banks in Russia. The results of these institutions' activities are related to the number of profitable banks, which declines as a sign of high efficiency. The paper uses methods of t-test, linear and polynomial regression analysis between assets (dependent variable) and the profit to assets (independent variable) in Russia. The article finds the different directions of the utilization of the discussed technology, and they all share the consequential growth after the technology's introduction. The paper also discusses the various areas of digital trading apps implementation and the future contributions for the Russian banking system and economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the relevance of technology transfer center network has been greatly increased due to interdisciplinary modern innovations, and cross-sectoral collaboration in project implementation. This paper highlights theoretical and conceptual foundations of technology transfer, and the role of innovation and knowledge. The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the experience of creating technology transfer networks in Russia, and to develop prospective national technology transfer model based on the concept of innovation ecosystem and open innovation. Being a knowledge integrator, a university plays a vital role in technology transfer. The presented study makes contribution to the academic literature by providing a synthesis on related concepts of open innovation, network, and ecosystem approaches to technology transfer. The results of this analysis provide information on prospective models for creating a network of technology transfer in Russia. That will help academics, policymakers, government, and business owners with a more depth understanding of the practical mechanisms that support innovation strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open innovations combine the interaction of the authorities and the population in regions of Russia. Social and political interaction of Russian network users demonstrates new open forms of political participation, mobilization practices (initiative appeals, petitions), the use of expert systems data, and remote access technologies. The increasing number of initiatives and the growth of online communities involved in the discussion and adjustment of the results of innovation activities require the use of a big data format. The demand for open innovation based on the principles of transparency of social and political interactions is being updated during COVID-19. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of open innovations in social and political interactions during COVID-19. The innovative practices of communication between the population and authorities were studied using DataMining tools based on digital platforms: "Russian Public Initiative", "Change.org" and "GoogleTrends". Users' social graphs represent the visualization in terms of thematic and territorial groupings. The results obtained allow for a conclusion about the dependence of the regional innovation activities on the openness of their communications and their location relative to authoritative and other types of resources. The physical location of the region (center–border region–periphery) and dependence on implementation at the federal, regional or municipal levels are circumstances influencing the effectiveness of social and political innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition from a semi-digital to digital society depends on the nature of work with information, and the speed and quality of digitalization largely depend on Generation Z. The purpose of the article is to identify and evaluate Gen Z's views in Russia and Slovakia on the search and assessment of information in a semi-digital society. The empirical research methods are a questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and a focus group. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, they were conducted remotely. The study reveals that the views of the Slovak and Russian Generation Z are similar in terms of searching and speeding up the acquisition of information and especially in the high assessment of their capabilities in information search and low confidence in advertising campaigns. The Slovak Gen Z is informationally mature and, at the same time, Internet-dependent. A difference in the perception of AI in Russian and Slovak Gen Z is identified. The results can be used to improve youth policies and provide information to society in the transition to fully digital life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decrease in the economic activity level around the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic spread has led to a sharp decrease in the crude oil price and provoked an oil war outbreak in the global energy market. The current situation has provoked the need for a total decrease in the crude oil production in the world. Considering that Russia is one of the main oil exporters on the world market, the need to determine the supply and demand levels for Russian oil is becoming relevant. The aim of the paper is to model predictive scenarios of Russian oil industry development, considering the specifics of the current economic environment given the COVID-19 pandemic. The multifactor correlation modeling method was used to form the system of indicators determining the level of demand and supply for Russian oil used and the total level of their influence. The functions determine the probability of implementing various scenarios of oil industry development depending on the predicted values of demand and supply. The three-sigma rule and the fuzzy sets method were used to estimate three scenarios of oil industry development for 2020–2021. Changes in revenues of the industry under the influence of forecast indicators of supply and demand for oil have been assessed and the probability of implementation of each of the scenarios has been reasoned. The results obtained are of a practical nature and can be used by government agencies, financial intermediaries, and scientists to diagnose Russian oil industry development. The results will be useful for oil companies to develop a strategy of open innovations for further design of the scientific information field for the effective functioning of the industry in complete uncertainty conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today the world economy is handling an economic crisis caused by the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), announced by the WHO, as well as by fluctuations in the international energy market and by the development of "green energy". The crisis, named the "2020 crisis", is notable for the divergence of the sectoral dynamics of development, with a declining development trend in some industries and the rapid growth of others. The crisis is etymologically relevant to the energy sector, a sector which is important for the survival and specialization of the Russian Federation. This research is aimed at describing the status and highlighting the socioeconomic effects, constraints (economic and social risks), and "growth points" of the energy sector in the modern realities of the 2020 crisis. Methods. The method of in-depth interview was used. The need for studying expert opinion is based on the fundamental principles of implementation research, according to which the success of state sectoral policy depends on its perception and support by stakeholders. Top managers of energy enterprises acted as the experts (N = 10). The interviews were conducted in April 2020. The method of incremental approximation and coding (open and axial) were used for a high-quality discourse analysis. Results. The conducted study revealed divergence of sectoral dynamics of energy consumption, which is a translation of the immanent features of the 2020 crisis into the energy sector. The detected constraints are reserved development prerequisites of "green energy" and reduced investments in development programs. The potential "growth points" include intensified digitalization of the energy sector and the need for institutional changes in taxation in the energy sector, recognized by experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]