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Before the revolution in its educational, research and clinical potential of Military Medicine (medical and surgical) Academy was on the head position among European institutions. Not less outstanding position among all secular institutions Russian Academy held by the number and wealth of churches, chapels and baptisteries. In the temples of the academy was concentrated a significant number of miracle-working icons and of the particles holy relics, there served some of faith and piety devotees and some of them were canonized. The article presents a brief historical overview of the major Academy shrines--spiritual ties of the different generations.

Dynamics of substance abuse morbidity in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation during the last 10 years (2002-2012) was analyzed. Results of performed analysis showed decreasing tendency since 2007 in conscripts (0.07% in 2012) and in contract soldiers (0.3% in 2012). Alcoholism prevailed in the structure of substance abuse in conscripts (0.05%), drug abuses were diagnosed 2,5 times less often (0.02%). In contract soldiers non-alcohol abuses were diagnosed in 0.004% of cases. It is stated that the major aims of substance abuse prevention are qualitative recruiting of military units (especially in troops maintaining the combat readiness) and departments (subunits) of military education, creating conditions for propaganda for healthy lifestyle, prohibition of drugs and psychopharmaceuticals in military units. For early detection of persons liable to substance abuse and facts of drug consumption it is necessary to perform a medical examination with the help of special program apparatus complex (such as "Addicts") and take into account clinical signs of addiction. Besides, it is necessary to introduce planned and unexpected medical examinations of servicemen. Algorithm of measures in case of detection of serviceman with alcohol or drug intoxication is given. In conclusion the main organizational principals of substance abuse prevention in the Armed Forces are given.

Investigated 82 young servicemen with cardiological emergencies (acute cardiac syndrome, hypertension events, rhythm pace disturbance). Divided three periods of mental disorders: acute, subacute and long-term effects. Found that in 95.1% of patients after emergencies developed state of mental maladaptation of varying degree. In further 47.1% of cases of mental disorders place in the form of psychogenic and somatogenically caused disorders of prenosological level. Among clinically executed forms predominated depressive disorder spectrum (nozogennye reaction and state). In the remote period prevailed somatoform dysfunction and manifestations of personality pathology. Shows the clinical and psychopathological features of these disorders and their effects on military service.

Authors analyzed psychic sick rate of selectees for the last 12 years according to data studying of Saint Petersburg military registration and enlistment offices obtained in 1996-2008. It has been established that it is connected with social stress phenomena in consequence of global changes occurring in society. Neurotic and personal disturbances dynamic is similar to neuropsychic instability level dynamic, revealed in selectees by specialists of occupational psychological selection of military registration and enlistment offices.

The article presents the analyze of the character of delivery of psycho-aid in conditions of wars and armed conflicts of the XXth century. Generalizing of the experience of psycho-aid delivery in conditions of wars of the XXth century showed, that it's basing doctrinal provisions were laid by Russian psychiatrists during the Russian-Japan War. However, in foreign Armies this experience was used and improved (according to now-day's wars and armed conflicts), in our Armed Forces (until the 90th years of the XXth century) it wasn't used in right way. In general, the system of psycho-aid delivery to the staff, consists of 3 provisions: it's approach to the military stage, simplicity and security, existence of movable well-packaged staff structures, which can work optimally in combat conditions and secure necessary treatment-evacuation and rehabilitation measures.

326 combatants have been examined using clinical-and-experimental psychological methods in outpatient and hospital conditions in order to reveal personality changes as a result of transient combat stress. The dynamics of these changes in pre- and post-combat periods has been described. Some personality peculiarities acquired in combat conditions aggravated combatants' rehabilitation to the peace life, which should be taken into consideration during rehabilitation. The medicopsychological correction of the combatants with personality accentuation must be made in view of the variety of these disorders.

The authors analyze the suicidologic situation, the level of suicides and parasuicides in society, Armed Forces and among the contract servicemen personally. The suicidologic data are evaluated, and reasons, risk factors, peculiarities of postsuicidal period of contract servicemen are defined.

In order to improve the organization of psychiatric care in modern local wars and armed conflicts the authors propose to follow a number of basic principles: to bring psychiatric care closer to the forward combat zone; to realize prognostic triage throughout casualty staging; to assure in maximum the return of minimally wounded and sick to their ranks directly from the forward zone; to unify the approaches to diagnosis, treatment and rating evaluation of psychic disorders; to observe the sequence and succession in psychiatric care; to realize recovery measures throughout all stages.