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A modern bioenergy combine in Scandinavia that uses the combination of DOWEX™ ion exchange resins, DOW FILMTEC™ RO elements and DOW™ EDI technologies is presented in this article. There are two options to achieve a very low conductivity permeate required for the high purity boiler feed water; to use mixed bed ion exchange resins (IER) or electrodeionization (EDI) modules as polishers. The present study reflects the advantages of using EDI versus IER. It also describes the continuous and good performing capacity of DOW™ EDI units at a power plant in Sweden during 15 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human papillomavirus has emerged as the leading infectious cause of cervical and other anogenital cancers. We have studied the relation between human papillomavirus infection and the subsequent risk of anal and perianal skin cancer. A case-cohort study within two large Nordic serum banks to which about 760000 individuals had donated serum samples was performed. Subjects who developed anal and perianal skin cancer during follow up (median time of 10 years) were identified by registry linkage with the nationwide cancer registries in Finland and Norway. Twenty-eight cases and 1500 controls were analysed for the presence of IgG antibodies to HPV 16, 18, 33 or 73, and odds ratios of developing anal and perianal skin cancer were calculated. There was an increased risk of developing anal and perianal skin cancer among subjects seropositive for HPV 16 (OR = 3.0; 95%CI = 1.1-8.2) and HPV 18 (OR = 4.4; 95%CI = 1.1-17). The highest risks were seen for HPV 16 seropositive patients above the age of 45 years at serum sampling and for patients with a lag time of less than 10 years. This study provides prospective epidemiological evidence of an association between infection with HPV 16 and 18 and anal and perianal skin cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]