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Abstract: Based on the survey of 29 enterprises in Shandong province, the paper has found that the energy wastages quantities of these enterprises are large but pollution blow-off goes down obviously. These enterprises have more receptive to the preferential measures but more cautious to market mechanism and environmental tax. The key to energy conservation would be technological innovation and new sources of energy development. International experience has been introduced to give references to Chinese tax policy adjustment. On the base of policy goals, principles and detailed policy, the multi-level tax system should be set up. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Pigs are one of several host species for Toxoplasma gondii , and consumption of infected pork may lead to toxoplasmosis in humans. The aim of this study was to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using surface antigen protein 1 (SAG1) of T. gondii for the diagnosis of porcine toxoplasmosis and to perform a serological investigation of pigs in Shandong province, China. A total of 1170 serum samples were collected from 14 cities, and 244 of them (20.85%) were positive. In different areas, the prevalence ranged from 15.63% to 22.98%, which had a significant differentiation. Among the different populations, gestating sows had the highest seroprevalence (25.7%), followed by breeding boars (22.7%), replacement gilts (21.1%), fattening pigs (18.3%) and piglets (17.1%). The rearing environment was also a determinant of seroprevalence, including family farmers (25.5%), large farmers (15.2%) and small farms (22.8%). This study provides information on the seroepidemiological study of T. gondii in pigs in Shandong province, which will be useful in developing strategies for the control of T. gondii infection in pigs. • ELISA based on recombinant SAG1 was developed for the detection of toxoplasmosis in pigs. • The average prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pigs of Shandong province was 20.85%. • Age, geographical location and farm scales were the decisive factors affecting the epidemic of toxoplasmosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]