A recent study conducted by investigators at Weifang Medical University in Shandong, China, explores the role of the S100 protein family in digestive tract cancer. Digestive tract cancer is a prevalent form of cancer globally, accounting for a significant number of new cases and cancer-related deaths. The S100 protein family is involved in various processes related to cancer, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune microenvironment homeostasis. The study provides a systematic review of the composition, function, and underlying molecular mechanisms of the S100 family, offering insights into potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for digestive tract cancer. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]