1. Association between environmental factors and COVID-19 in Shanghai, China.
- Author
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Ma, Yuxia, Cheng, Bowen, Shen, Jiahui, Wang, Hang, Feng, Fengliu, Zhang, Yifan, and Jiao, Haoran
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,COVID-19 pandemic ,AIR pollutants ,AIR quality indexes ,DISEASE outbreaks ,URBAN health - Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide and has led to recession, rising unemployment, and the collapse of the health-care system. The aim of this study was to explore the exposure–response relationship between daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and environmental factors. We used a time-series generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the short-term association between COVID-19 and environmental factors by using daily meteorological elements, air pollutant concentration, and daily confirmed COVID-19 cases from January 21, 2020, to February 29, 2020, in Shanghai, China. We observed significant negative associations between daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and mean temperature (T
ave ), temperature humidity index (THI), and index of wind effect (K), whereas air quality index (AQI), PM2.5 , PM10 NO2 , and SO2 were significantly associated with the increase in daily confirmed COVID-19 cases. A 1 °C increase in Tave , one-unit increase in THI, and 10-unit increase in K (lag 0–7 days) were associated with 4.7, 1.8, and 1.6% decrease in daily confirmed cases, respectively. Daily Tave , THI, K, PM10 , and SO2 had significant lag and persistence (lag 0–7 days), whereas the lag and persistence of AQI, PM2.5 , and NO2 were significant at both lag 0–7 and 0–14 days. A 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10 and 1-μg/m3 increase in SO2 was associated with 13.9 and 5.7% increase in daily confirmed cases at lag 0–7 days, respectively, whereas a 10-unit increase in AQI and a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and NO2 were associated with 7.9, 7.8, and 10.1% increase in daily confirmed cases at lag 0–14 days, respectively. Our findings have important implications for public health in the city of Shanghai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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