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Developing more walkable environments plays an essential role in healthy-city planning. Planners often assess the typical walkability framework from a geographic perspective based on GIS data. This paper proposes a refined walkability framework that quantifies walkability in terms of four pedestrian needs: safety, convenience, continuity, and attractiveness. Using Shenzhen as our case study, we integrate mesoscale and microscale built-environment features from different data sources: street view images (SVIs), social media, points-of-interest data, government open data, and GIS data. Deep learning semantic segmentation approaches apply to extracting street elements from SVIs. Results show that walkability and its four aspects are spatially heterogeneous in the city. Urban areas and suburban central business districts offer greater walkability than other areas. The less walkable areas are mainly in the rest of the suburbs. This work suggests that more academic and planning efforts should focus on improving walkability in less walkable neighborhoods and promoting pedestrian-friendly cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding differentiated services is pivotal for enhancing the appeal and diversity of the metro system, yet this facet has received relatively scant attention in existing literature. To bridge this research gap, our analysis delves into the business-class services offered by the metro and compares them with the common-class offerings. First, we illustrate the spatial and temporal patterns of business- and common-class ridership across stations and hours. Second, we construct two-stage geographically weighted regression models to identify key determinants and their spatiotemporally heterogeneous effects, focusing on land-use patterns, demographic considerations, and intermodal transfer modes. Leveraging one-week smart card data collected in Shenzhen from May 13th to 17th, 2019, our findings underscore the following aspects: (1) Spatial and temporal variations in business-class ridership across stations are linked to diverse land-use configurations. (2) Bus-metro transfers, business establishments, medical facilities, and the proportion of young commuters contribute significantly to the business-class ridership. (3) The emergence of business-class trip is weakly associated with bike-sharing activities but has a strong correlation with bus transfers. (4) Business establishments and medical facilities exhibit nuanced impacts on business-class travel, with excessive aggregation leading to unintended consequences. These insights offer valuable policy implications for fostering the development of business-class services in the metro systems of other Chinese cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]