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Carbon neutrality achievement has had a major transformative effect on the economic and social development of countries and regions. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of environmental regulation policies in promoting institutional dividends and seeks to examine the relationship between environmental regulatory policies and green innovation development through the lens of green patents. Panel data from industrial enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2019 were used in this research, which employed fixed-effect and media-effect models to investigate the impacts and mechanisms of various types of environmental regulatory tools on corporate green innovation. The results showed that different types of environmental regulation tools have varying effects on corporate green innovation. Specifically, command-based and market-oriented environmental regulations have a positive "U-shaped" impact, whereas voluntary environmental regulations have an inverted "U-shaped" impact. Furthermore, it was found that the "innovation compensation effect" generated by the implementation of environmental regulation policies has a greater positive impact than the negative impact of the "compliance cost effect." Additionally, geographical location and enterprise ownership play a role in determining the impact of environmental regulations on corporate green innovation. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening environmental regulatory policies to achieve regional carbon-neutral development. Our research provides recommendations and ideas for better achieving this goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuing global population growth and the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization have intensified transformations in urban land use and land cover, putting unprecedented pressure on ecosystems. Simultaneously, there is a growing human dependency on ecosystems, resulting in an increasing imbalance between supply and demand of ecological services. Taking Shenzhen as an example, this study utilizes multi-source data and employs various methods and models such as net primary productivity, erosion prevention, and the statistical data model to conduct an in-depth analysis of the supply and demand of urban ecosystem services, aiming to reveal ecological imbalances. Additionally, models such as minimum cumulative resistance, breakpoints and field intensity are applied to extract the radius of spatial flow in ecosystem service transfer and calculate the spatial flow volume. The findings are demonstrated as follows. ➀ The overall ecosystem service value in Shenzhen from 2000 to 2010 shows a decline primarily due to the rapid expansion of land in built-up areas. The total ecosystem service value decreases slowly from 2010 to 2018, while ecological concerns persist in some places. ➁ The high surplus area in the western coastal areas of Shenzhen has gradually decreased. Furthermore, high-deficit regions in the northern district of Longgang and the Longhua area witness an obvious increase from 2010 to 2018. ➂ The primary ecological flow paths are distributed in the southeast and west, with Xili Reservoir and Tieling Reservoir mainly contributing to the flow of ecosystem service values towards Nanshan areas. The closer the ecological source area is to the ecological demand area, and the larger the area of the ecological source area patch, the stronger the intensity of the ecosystem service flow. The study findings can provide valuable insights for the management of urban ecological space and the evaluation of ecological quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]