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Pakistan is vulnerable to a range of climate hazards, including sea-level rise. The Indus Delta region, situated in the coastal Sindh province, is particularly at risk of sea-level rise due to low-lying land and fragile ecosystems. In this article, expertise is drawn together from the newly established Pakistan Sea-Level Working Group, consisting of policy experts, scientists, and practitioners, to provide recommendations for future research, investment, and coastal risk management. An assessment of the current scientific understanding of sea-level change and coastal climate risks in Pakistan highlights an urgent need to improve the availability and access to sea-level data and other coastal measurements. In addition, reflecting on the policy environment and the enablers needed to facilitate effective responses to future sea-level change, recommendations are made to integrate coastal climate services into the National Adaptation Plan and develop a National Framework for Climate Services. Such a framework, alongside collaboration, co-production, and capacity development, could help support required improvements in coastal observations and monitoring and continuously deliver useful, usable, and accessible sea-level information for use by practitioners and decision-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the proximate, physieo-ehemieal and fatty aeid analysis were earried out to evaluate the quality of animal feeds (eompound and seed eake) eommereially available in Sindh, Pakistan. The proximate eomposition of feed was found as follows: moisture (5.0-12%), ash (0.5-3.2%), erude protein (9.19-2.47%), fibre (49.8-72.81%), earbohydrate (34.03-67.79%), energy value (1392.05-1679.23 KJ/mol) and oil eontent (0.8-10.5%). Offieial AOCS methods were used to evaluate the quality of animal feed oil. Higher free fatty aeids (2.5-59%) and peroxide value (0.4-12 meq/Kg) were determined in feed oil. The fatty aeid analysis revealed that saturated and unsaturated fatty aeids in animal feed oil were found in the range of2.44 to 57.12% and 3.5 to 40.97%, respeetively. Comparatively, eompound animal feed showed better quality eharaeteristies than seed eake. The proximate and ehemieal analysis of animal feed showed that oil present in animal feed supports good quality exeept for peroxide value and free fatty aeid, whereas proximate eomposition still needs improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research paper observes the impact of employee silence on work engagement with intervention of organizational justice among faculty members of public sector universities in Sindh. Mediatingeffect of organizational justice has been tried utilizing intervention system proposed by (Baron & Kenny, 1986). Study uncovers that worker's level of employee silence has negative and significant effect on work commitment. Besides outcomes recommend that organizational justice completely intercedes the connection between employee silence and work engagement. Study is vital and basic since it has endeavored to investigate an infrequently investigated region in research. The board can utilize results to diminish representative quietness and increment work commitment level in open area colleges explicitly and in other public area associations for the most part following in flourishing of representatives, public area and economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This paper provides the complete profile of physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of local castor varieties from Sindh, Pakistan. Initially, physical characteristics of seeds were studied followed by detailed examination of oil. Materials and methods. Oil was extracted through Soxhlet extraction method followed by physico-chemical examination of necessary parameters (iodine value, peroxide value, saponification value, viscosity and moisture). For qualitative analysis of castor oil GCMS and FTIR instruments were used. Results and discussions. Oil content was observed in the range of 44-48%. Moisture and ash content of castor seeds were found to be 4.22-5.16% and 5.66-6.49%, respectively. Compositional analysis by GCMS has shown ricinoleic acid (88.5-93.1%) as a prominent fatty acid in all local varieties. Other fatty acids present were palmitic (0.4-0.8%), stearic (0.8-1.0%), linoleic (2.8-3.3%), and ecosenoic (0.2-1.5%). Free fatty acid value of all castor oil varieties was found to be in the range of 0.16-0.53%. Other quality parameters such as IV, PV and SV of different castor oil varieties were determined in the range of 79.16-90.03 gI2/100g, 1.62-1.89 meq/Kg, and 188.12-204.76 mgKOH/g, respectively. The FTIR spectra of castor seed oil varieties were nearly similar. On careful examination of the intensity values of each functional group present in the oil showed some variations in castor seed varieties. Conclusion. Indigenous local varieties of castor with sufficient oil content (> 40%) were explored and examined for some important parameters. FTIR band intensities of some functional groups highly correlated with important parameters of castor oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the phase-wise initiatives implemented at the bagasse-fired boilers of Faran Sugar Mills Ltd. in Hayderabad, Sindh, Pakistan in 2009. Various changes are made in the original boiler economizer, air heater, super heater coils and dust collector aimed at improving the power generation capacity and efficiency. The initiative resulted to an increase in general efficiency of the boilers, a resolution of the operational difficulties and an excess power capacity.