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An exploratory descriptive study was conducted to explore the perspectives of patients who had fallen in the hospital; 100 patients were interviewed. An inductive content analysis approach was adopted. Six themes emerged: Apathetic toward falls, self-blame behavior, reluctance to impose on busy nurses, negative feelings toward nurses, overestimating own ability, and poor retention of information. Patients often downplayed the risks of falls and were reluctant to call for help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess associations of breastfeeding, adiposity and reproductive risk factors with ovarian cancer risk in a Singaporean population. In addition to the main analysis, interaction effects of parity on other risk factors were examined.Methods: A retrospective cohort consisting of 28,201 women with 107 incident ovarian cancers in up to 17 years of follow-up from the Singapore Breast Cancer Screening Project (1994-1997) was studied. Hazard ratios (HRs) for risk factors were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.Results: Body mass index and breastfeeding were found to have no statistical significant association with ovarian cancer risk. Gravidity was inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk [each pregnancy, adjusted HR 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81, 0.97], while results for parity were very similar (per delivery, HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81, 0.98). Each additional year of ovulatory period was found to increase ovarian cancer risk by 2% (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04). Each year increase in total duration of oral contraceptive use reduced ovarian cancer risk by 6% (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.85, 1.02).Conclusions: Parity, gravidity and shorter ovulatory period were associated with lower ovarian cancer risk. Breastfeeding and body mass index were not associated with ovarian cancer risk, while increased duration of oral contraceptive use resulted in borderline risk reduction. No significant evidence was found to suggest that parity had an interaction effect on any risk factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Singaporeans it is very natural to switch between 'Singapore Standard English' (SSE) and Singapore Colloquial English (SCE), namely, Singlish,. The employment of different varieties of a language between speaker turns can be accounted for using the communication accommodation theory. Are Singaporeans responsive to the varieties of English used by people around them Does language convergence or divergence in a SSE-SCE conversation affect a speaker's perceived social image? Participants were asked to listen to different variations of a SSE-SCE service encounter dialogue before rating the traits of the featured salesman and customer. Generally, Singaporeans awarded higher ratings to the customer when he/she complied with the language standards set by the salesman rather than when he/she deviated from that set by the salesman. These results were contrary to the common belief that 'the customer is always right'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]