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This article discusses the introduction of a variety of plant species to Latin and South America by European explorers beginning in the 16th century. The author comments on the work of Alfred Crosby, in particular "Relaciones geográficas," which contends that this biological boom represented the largest since the Pleistocene Era. She gives particular focus to the region of Balsas-Jalisco in Mexico and the period of the 1580s. The impact of these introduced species on the daily lives of indigenous groups as well as agricultural processes is also explored.