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Lobsters are one of the premium ocean resources and a highly sought-after seafood commodity globally. The increasing demand for spiny lobsters in both domestic and international markets has led to a growing interest in mariculture as a means of meeting demand. Capture-based mariculture (CBM) by the coastal communities is the only way to cater the existing demand. However, there is scant published information and continued ambiguity on the viability of spiny lobster aquaculture in the Indian subcontinent and a similar gap exists in countries engaged in lobster fattening. Thus, to bridge the gap between the viability information and CBM stakeholders, we examined the profitability and economic performance of mud spiny lobster, Panulirus polyphagus , production in open sea farming systems, specifically sea cages. Our analysis focused on economic indicators such as input costs and return value. We found that the estimated annual revenue for a single operation was USD $3605.04, with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 33% and a net present value (NPV) of USD $1226.17, demonstrating profitability. Despite this, certain bottlenecks such as limited seedstock and feed availability and cost concerns, disease management issues, regulatory complexities, market demand fluctuations limit the expansion of the industry beyond a certain threshold. This study provides useful information for enterprise building and developing better strategies for building food security and supporting traditional communities-oriented commercial lobster farming in India, and potentially in other lobster farming nations as well. • Growing demand for spiny lobsters drives interest in mariculture as a solution. • The revisited economic indicators showed annual revenue of USD $ 3605.04 with net profit USD $ 1226.17. • Wild seed limitations for larger-scale mariculture impede business growth. • Lobster marine cage farming shows potential for profitability and sustainable livelihood. • Study bridges technological gap between the economic sustainability of lobster farming and stakeholder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Oriental jumping spider genus Flacillula Strand, 1932 has remained taxonomically un‐revised and has never been subjected to phylogenetic evaluation. Due to its ambiguous circumscription, several species not sister to its type species were subsequently placed in it, rendering the genus a "holdall." This study is designed to investigate the monophyly of the genus, its placement within the subtribe Simaethina Simon, 1903, and to review its composition. Using two target genes (28S, COI), we provide the first hypothesis on the internal phylogenetic structure of the genus and its placement within Simaethina. Additionally, we describe seven new species: Flacillula dothalugala sp. nov., Flacillula ellaensis sp. nov., Flacillula henryi sp. nov., Flacillula hodgsoni sp. nov., Flacillula johnstoni sp. nov., Flacillula naipauli sp. nov., and Flacillula piyasenai sp. nov. Further, the following new combinations are proposed: Iona minuta (Berland, 1929) comb. nov. and Iona nitens (Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997) comb. nov. The newly described species might be endangered due to their small population size and restricted distribution in high‐altitude cloud forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributional and taxonomic data are provided for six species of crab spiders of the genusEpidiusThorell, 1877 of which five species,E. coloratussp. nov.,E. elongatussp. nov. (male),E. florenisp. nov. (male/female),E. longimanussp. nov. (male/female) andE. mahavirasp. nov. (male/female), are newly described. Evidence is provided to demonstrate thatPothaeusThorell, 1895 (type speciesPothaeus armatuis a junior synonym ofEpidius. Epidius bazarusis shown to be a junior synonym ofE. armatuscomb. nov. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:15B56D3E-69FB-46CD-8AFE-34919B844D14 [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

After the nuclearization of India and Pakistan the security scenario in South Asia became more uncertain, tension-ridden and unstable than before. Both the countries are spending enormous sums on the production, deployment, targeting, defence, supervision, and control of their nuclear weapons and delivery systems, as well as, on building the infrastructure that would generate the fisslle material, warheads, aircrafts, missiles, and command and control systems necessary for their nuclear programmes. These weapons of mass destruction tend to defy all rational calculations of security risks arid ways of meeting them. The hostilities, distrust, suspicion and misperceptions between both the adversaries along with the very presence of nuclear weapons and missile systems put the region on a high risk of nuclear war if not by design but accidentally. The present paper is a moderate attempt in the direction to enquire the situations in which nuclear war can start accidentally. This paper is a divided into two parts. First part gives an outlook of nuclear programmes of both the countries while the second part seriously examines the existing factors which can lead to accidental nuclear war in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jumping spider genus Onomastus Simon, 1900 is revised. Four new species: Onomastus indra sp. nov., Onomastus kaharian sp. nov., Onomastus pethiyagodai sp. nov., and Onomastus rattotensis sp. nov. are described. Parsimony analysis of 26 morphological characters supported the monophyly of Onomastus. Lyssomanes is sister to Onomastus. Onomastus separates into two clades: the widespread South-East Asia clade and the South Asia clade. The South Asia clade is restricted to the Sri Lanka–Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Species of the South Asia clade appear to be spot endemics, highly in danger of extinction because of habitat loss and climate change. Male palps are complex and species-specific, suggesting rapid divergent evolution. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 159, 711–745. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]