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• This study comprehensively analyzed the trend of conduct disorder burden at the global, regional, and national levels. • Globally, the conduct disorder burden, as measured by prevalence, slightly increased from 1990 to 2019. • Males had a higher burden than females, but females had a greater increment than males over time. • In 2019, the highest conduct disorder burden was observed in Western Europe, followed by Eastern Europe. • The most significant increment in conduct disorder burden was observed in high-income North America, followed by East Asia and South Asia. Conduct disorder is one of the least widely recognized and studied psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the burden of conduct disorder at the global, regional, and national levels based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 estimates. Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) of conduct disorder slightly increased from 1990 to 2019 with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) at 0.147. Males had a higher burden than females, but females had a greater increment in ASPRs than males over time. In 2019, the highest ASPR of conduct disorder was observed in Western Europe, followed by Eastern Europe, with the lowest one found in East Asia, then South Asia. However, the most significant increment in ASPRs was observed in high-income North America, followed by East Asia, and South Asia. The EAPCs at the national level were negatively associated with the ASPRs in 1990. The burden of conduct disorder continues to increase globally, especially in high-income North America, East Asia, and South Asia, and should have more attention focused on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]