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The South China Sea (SCS) is an important repository for natural gas hydrates (NGHs), where some NGH deposits and their overlying sediments (OSs) are in an underconsolidated state. During the exploitation of NGHs, the stability of the OSs of the NGH deposits is one of the key factors in ensuring mining safety. Especially under different consolidation degrees, the mechanical response and stability of the OSs will vary, which directly affects the safety and efficiency of the NGH mining. This research explores the influence of different consolidation degrees on the mechanical properties of the OSs of NGH deposits in the SCS. The strength and pore pressure characteristics were analyzed through undrained triaxial shear tests. The findings indicate that an increase in consolidation degree enhances the strain softening behavior, and an increase in initial effective stress enhance the strain hardening and shear contraction behaviors of the samples. The failure strength, modulus, and maximum excess pore pressure increase with the consolidation degree and initial effective stress, and there is an approximately linear correlation between failure strength and consolidation degree. Therefore, the exploitation of NGHs in the SCS must comprehensively consider the burial depth and consolidation degree of the OSs. The findings of this study will assist in optimizing mining plans and enhancing safety during the exploitation process. • Increases in consolidation degree enhance the strain softening behavior. • Failure strength increase linearly with consolidation degree. • Secant modulus increase with the consolidation degree. • Maximum excess pore pressure increase with the consolidation degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]