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This study reveals the trajectories of Korean companies that employ technologies related to 4IR. The data were based on the 2017 and 2018 corporate surveys conducted by Korea Statistics' Microdata Integrated Service. The network analysis methodology was applied, with a focus on visualizing the relationships between nine technologies. The results are as follows; First, there were differences between the corporate technology absorption trajectories from the integrated perspective and from the perspective of the detailed application fields. Second, the Internet of Things occupied a greater proportion, compared to other technologies, in several technology absorption trajectories. This seems to reflect the hyper-connectivity of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Third, hyper-intelligence appears to be at a nascent stage, in terms of utilization with other technologies. This paper primarily contributes empirical evidence to existing research on technological trajectories with unique data and results, which is generally depending on patents data, creating a foundation for further theoretical and practical applications by scholars and managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background To identify risk factors associated with open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure in a young Korean population. Design Retrospective, population-based, case-control study. Participants Between 2009 and 2010, among participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( n = 17 901), subjects between 19 and 39 years of age were included. Methods Participants had structured interviews systemic and ophthalmic examination. Glaucoma was diagnosed using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. Main Outcome Measures The risk factors for open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure were analyzed using univariate and multivariate comparisons. Results Eighty open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure patients and 4015 controls were included. In the univariate analysis, the patient group was more likely to have higher fasting plasma glucose (98.04 ± 33.16 vs. 89.74 ± 12.65, P < 0.001) and higher proportion of fasting capillary glucose ≥200 mg/dL ( P < 0.001) than the control. Multivariate analysis found that high myopia (odds ratio, 3.54 [95% confidence interval, 1.34-9.39], P = 0.011), fasting capillary glucose ≥200 mg/dL (odds ratio, 12.65 [95% confidence interval, 2.63-60.94], P = 0.002) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (odds ratio, 0.96 [95% confidence interval, 0.94-0.99], P = 0.015) were associated with an increased risk of having open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure. Conclusions High myopia, fasting capillary glucose level ≥200 mmol/L and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were significant risk factors for open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure in a young Korean population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]