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Unlabelled: Improved Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an alternative treatment goal for individuals with psychosis, who have up to two times greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity than the general population., Aim: to compare HRQoL in patients with psychosis, especially schizophrenia, with a reference sample and explore the relationship between HRQoL and metabolic risk factors in these patients., Methods: a prospective cohort study was carried out in specialized psychiatric outpatient departments in Sweden. The patients were invited consecutively. A prospective population-based study of public health in the south-east of Sweden served as reference group. Patients were assessed with psychiatric questionnaires that included Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Health-related quality of life was assessed using the questionnaire EQ5D, both for patients and the population, and several other health status outcomes were used., Results: At 73%, schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were the most common diagnoses in the patient group. The results in patients (n=903) and population (n=7238) showed significant differences in lower EQ5D among patients. According to the definition by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), elevated blood pressure was the only metabolic risk associated with lower HRQoL in patients. Raised LDL-cholesterol levels were also significantly related to lower HRQoL., Conclusion: patients suffering from psychosis had significantly lower HRQoL regarding all components in EQ5D, except for the pain/discomfort component. Almost half of the patient group met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. According to the IDF criteria, elevated blood pressure was the only metabolic risk factor that had an impact on HRQoL., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

This survey describes the frequency of Salmonella in animals and feedstuffs isolated in Sweden 1983-1987. Since 1949 National Veterinary Institute (NVI) has published such reports every fifth year. During the period of this report 760 outbreaks of Salmonella were reported in animals. This includes both domestic and wild animals. The corresponding figure for the previous period was 1266 outbreaks. 56 different serovariants were reported, 17 of these were new to Sweden. In cattle and swine there were a decrease of outbreaks. In poultry 86 outbreaks were reported, compared with 220 outbreaks during the previous five-year period. Swedish feed producing plants are checked both voluntary and compulsory, for the presence of Salmonella in raw materials, scrape and dust samples and compound feed. During 1983-1987 a total of 236 strains at Salmonella were isolated. This is the lowest incidence found during the last 15 years. All consignments of feedstuffs of animal origin intended for import to Sweden has to be examined for the presence of Salmonella. During 1983-1987 8.6% of the consignments were positive for Salmonella and were thus not allowed to be used in Sweden.

Regulations concerning the control of Salmonella in animals are more strict in Sweden than in most other countries, though a certain liberalization took place in 1982. The main purpose of these regulations is to prevent transmission of Salmonella infections from animals to man. Veterinarians and laboratories are obliged to report all Salmonella cases to the veterinary authorities. The cases are recorded by the Swedish Board of Agriculture. During the period of this report, 1978-1982, 1266 outbreaks of Salmonella in animals were recorded in Sweden. Isolated strains belonged to 78 different serotypes. The most frequent serotypes were S. typhi-murium (38.5% of the recorded cases) and S. dublin (37%). S. dublin was isolated mainly from cattle, while S. typhi-murium was isolated from a wide range of animal species. Next in frequency are some serotypes isolated mainly from chicken, at rates around 2%: S. livingstone, S. liverpool, and S. agona. Of the 78 isolated serotypes, 25 were never isolated before from animals in Sweden. There were 687 outbreaks of Salmonella recorded in cattle. Predominant serotypes are S. dublin (67% of the outbreaks in cattle) and S. typhi-murium (28%). The outbreaks of S. dublin, like earlier in the sixties and seventies, occurred mainly in south-eastern Sweden. The recorded occurrence of Salmonella in swine continued to decrease. During this period only 37 outbreaks were diagnosed. Of these more than half were caused by S. typhi-murium. S. choleraesuis was isolated from 6 cases only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)