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The article presents a study on the association of petrochemical air pollution with the increased risks of term low-birth-weight(LBW) infants. The study involved infants from Kaohsiung, a petrochemical industrial city, and Taipei, a non-petrochemical industrial city. The prevalence of low birth weight infants were found to be higher in Kaohsiung than in Taipei. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low-birth-weight risk in Kaohsiung was higher by 13 percent compared to the those in Taipei.