1. Pn Velocity and Anisotropy Tomography With Nonuniform Grid Beneath the Ryukyu–Taiwan–Philippines Region.
- Author
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He, Yuhui and Lü, Yan
- Subjects
- *
SEISMIC tomography , *SUBDUCTION , *SUBDUCTION zones , *SEISMIC anisotropy , *ISLAND arcs , *OROGENIC belts , *VELOCITY , *SEISMOLOGY - Abstract
To enhance our comprehension of the dynamic processes associated with complex plate subduction, volcanic magmatism, and lithosphere deformation beneath the Ryukyu–Taiwan–Philippines region, we utilized nonuniform inversion grids for Pn velocity and anisotropy tomography, and obtained the uppermost mantle structure of this area. The results demonstrate remarkable characteristics: cold oceanic subducting plates display high Pn velocities, whereas volcanic arcs, the extinct mid‐ocean ridge in the South China Sea, and the Palawan region exhibit low Pn velocities. The extinct mid‐ocean ridge also displays a low‐velocity anomaly, indicating that residual heat persists even after approximately 15 million years since seafloor spreading. The occurrence of a discontinuous low‐velocity beneath the Ryukyu arc supports the presence of a slab window at approximately 123°E. The volcanic arcs of all subduction zones within the study area displayed trench‐parallel Pn anisotropy. The observed Pn fast directions beneath the Taiwan orogenic belt are consistent with crustal anisotropy, providing evidence for the crust–mantle coupled deformation. Moreover, our results shed light on the deep structural characteristics of the complex subduction zones beneath the Philippines region. Plate subduction causes partial melting due to dehydration; then, the melt ascends and accumulates at the uppermost mantle, showing low Pn velocities. However, the low‐velocity anomaly is not widely distributed but corresponds to a narrow band. In particular, the east–west bidirectional subduction of the Philippines and Negros formed separate low‐velocity anomalies. Low Pn velocities and trench‐parallel anisotropy indicate the location of different subduction zones and finely characterize their impact on the uppermost mantle structure. Plain Language Summary: The Ryukyu–Taiwan–Philippines region serves as a convergence zone for multiple subduction systems and has undergone a complex tectonic evolution. In this study, we utilized an improved uppermost mantle seismic tomography method to investigate the precise Pn velocity and anisotropy structure of this area. The results reveal distinct patterns, wherein high Pn velocities are observed beneath the Eurasian plate, the South China Sea plate, and the Philippine Sea plate. In addition to the volcanic arcs, an extinct mid‐ocean ridge also shows low Pn velocity. The identification of discontinuous low velocities at approximately 123°E beneath the Ryukyu arc supports the existence of a slab tear. Pn fast directions, which align with the orogenic belt's trend, are observed beneath Taiwan Island. This observation concurs with surface and crustal deformation, suggesting that the deformation of the Taiwan orogenic belt is at a lithospheric scale. Low Pn velocities observed beneath the multiple subduction zones in the Philippines region indicate that the magma generated by this process is confined to a narrow band parallel to the subduction zone, instead of being widely distributed. The study precisely depicts the impact of plate subduction on the uppermost mantle structure of the Philippines region. Key Points: We employed a nonuniform grid Pn anisotropic tomography to obtain the uppermost mantle structure in the Ryukyu–Taiwan–Philippines regionThe consistency of Pn and the crustal anisotropy beneath the Taiwan orogenic belt supports crust–mantle coupled deformationThe results beneath the Philippines region indicate the influence of subduction in different directions on the uppermost mantle structure [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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