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Background: Disparities in prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes and their links to socioeconomic status (SES) have been intensively studied. A relatively low incidence rate and a high proportion of late-stage diagnosis have been documented in studies of Asian populations. For the past 20 years, the trend in the growth of PCa cases in Taiwan was opposite to that of Western countries. However, there is a striking paucity of local studies on these important issues. To mitigate this gap in knowledge, we exploited two population databases to investigate the impact of SES on PCa incidence rate and stage at diagnosis. Particularly, we sought to explore the discriminating capabilities of various indexes of SES on two diagnostic outcome indicators. Method: We conducted a population-based, follow-up, observational study. Data of study populations and newly diagnosed PCa cases between 2011 and 2013 were collected from the National Health Insurance Research Database and the Taiwan Cancer Registry. We retrieved 50–79 old male subjects who were classified as government employee, enterprise employee, or labor class. People with a diagnosis of any type of cancer before January 1, 2011, were excluded. The influences of four independent variables, i.e., age, beneficiary's insurance status, occupation and income, were analyzed. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate the hazard ratios of PCa and used logistic regression models to analyze the odds ratios (ORs) of late-stage PCa diagnosis. Results: The low crude PCa incidence rate (112 per 100,000 person-years) and the high percentage of late-stage presentation (44%) were similar to those found in previous studies of old Asian men. Unsurprisingly, age was consistently revealed to be the most determinant factor in PCa diagnosis, while the insurance status of the beneficiaries showed no significant difference. Significant socioeconomic disparities in PCa diagnosis were demonstrated by occupation and income indexes, individually or in combination. However, occupation and income showed varied capabilities in discriminating disparities between different outcome indicators. Conclusion: Our study supported the findings of extant works showing that advantaged populations have a higher PCa incidence rate and a lower percentage of late-stage diagnosis. The discriminating capabilities of health disparity by occupation and/or income were contingent on the choice of health outcome indicators. The relatively high percentage of late-stage presentation is a critical public health challenge, and a tailored coping strategy is urgently needed. For more effective health policy-making, local socioeconomic effects on the other outcome indicators of PCa, such as incidence to mortality ratio, warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) gene family consists of different expression patterns in various tumor types. They are considered tumor-specific antigens and are ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy. The purpose of this study is to identify the expression profiles of the MAGE family genes in Taiwanese colorectal cancer patients., Methods: In this study, a well-constructed chip array platform was used to analyze the expression of the MAGE family genes of 100 colorectal cancer tissues. Statistical analysis of the experimental results and patients' clinical manifestations were also conducted., Results: The results showed MAGE-A2 (87%), -A7 (83%), -A8 (75%), -A12 (71%), -B2 (75%), -B3 (79%), -D2 (75%), -F1 (79%), and -H1 (70%) were significantly overexpressed genes in colorectal cancer tissues. MAGE-A2 was the most highly overexpressed gene among the MAGE family. MAGE-B3 gene expression is statistically correlated with tumor size, lymph node, and UICC stage. In addition, the overexpression of MAGE-D2 and -H1 genes are statistically correlated to the tumor size and depth, respectively (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive report to clarify the differential expression profile of whole MAGE family in CRCs, and it might provide some crucial information about the carcinogenesis and progression in Taiwanese patients with CRC., ((c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)