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Hyalohyphomycosis is a rare infection caused by a group of fungi that are devoid of pigments in their cell walls. As one of the main pathogens of hyalohyphomycosis, Purpureocillium lilacinum (former Paecilomyces lilacinus) is known for its intrinsic resistance to various antifungal agents. Here, we report three cases that coincide with a history of farming and all of them suffered from cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis caused by P. lilacinum. They shared a clinical presentation consisting of erythematous-to-violaceous painful plaques with overlying pustules on one of their forearms. Hyphae and fungal elements were highlighted by periodic acid Schiff or Gomori methenamine silver staining in their skin biopsies. Fungal cultures of their skin tissues yielded P. lilacinum, which was confirmed by both morphological and molecular characteristics. All patients responded well to oral terbinafine or itraconazole treatment. In this report, we also reviewed previously reported cases associated with either P. lilacinum or other Paecilomyces spp. infections in Taiwan., (© 2023 Japanese Dermatological Association.)

Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 16: 1204–1206 The clinical and microbiological characteristics of 103 patients with cultures positive for non- Aspergillus moulds in the period 2000 to 2008 were described. Among these patients, 27 had proven or probable invasive infections caused by Fusarium ( n = 12), Paecilomyces ( n = 7), Zygomycetes ( n = 5) and Scedopsorium species ( n = 3). The incidence of invasive infections caused by these moulds has not increased during the study period. Lung was the most common infection site and disseminated disease was observed in three leukaemic patients. The overall mortality rate was 40.7%, and was highest in cases zygomycosis. Antifungal susceptibility varied considerably among species. Amphotericin B and posaconazole demonstrated greatest activity against these moulds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]