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Purpose: To examine a screen model for detecting undergraduates with higher risk for developing psychosis (HRDP). Design and Methods: A cross‐sectional design with convenience sampling was used. The screen model included exploration stage by self‐report scales and confirmation stage by face‐to‐face interviews. Findings: A total of 273 students were detected from 4744 surveys during 4 years. Of them, 120 students with HRDP were identified and 7 had been diagnosed as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders at 12‐month follow‐up. Practice Implications: This screen model can be used in early detection for undergraduates with HRDP from large general samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Many studies have shown that some game motives help to identify the risk for the development of problematic Internet use, especially advancement, escapism and socializing. Previous researchers have investigated multiple risky motives in each study but treated them as individual variables with less concern about their interplay. However, in many studies, the results showed that all gaming motives were correlated, implying the possibility that gamers might endorse multiple motives simultaneously. This study thus adopted a person-centered approach that was capable of distinguishing people with apparent combinations of gaming motives. The first aim of this study was to examine the co-occurrence of three different gaming motives, using latent profile analysis. The second aim of this study was to examine whether there were differences among gamer profiles in their characteristics, problematic Internet use, depression, and other well-being indicators across five time points. Panel data were collected from the same college student sample every six months for 2 years, from 2012 to 2014. At time point 1, a total of 387 freshmen (female = 109; male = 278) were recruited in Taiwan. Four reliable clusters of gamers were identified: high-engagement, medium-engagement, low-engagement, and healthy-engagement. The validated analysis results showed that the high-engagement gamers were risky and had higher depression and problematic Internet use scores than the other gamer clusters from time 1 to time 5. Academic performances had no significant effect on the 4 gamer clusters from time 1 to time 5. When the high-engagement cluster was compared to the healthy-engagement cluster, the major difference was seen in the level of escapism motives and the consequent risk of developing negative psychological symptoms. However, when the healthy-engagement cluster was compared to the low-engagement cluster, there were no significant differences in their level of escapism motive or psychological outcomes in depression and problematic Internet use (PIU) scores. Taken together, these findings imply that the endorsement of the escapism motive might be a risky inner factor for depression, PIU, and other well-being indicators in college gamers. Based on our findings, the person-centered study may provide further insights to help gamers with functional impairment. In addition, intervention programs can be designed to bring awareness to gamers' own escapism motives and to persuade them to face the pressures and problems in real life. Highlights • Clustering gamers with gaming motives using a person-centered approach. • Four clusters were identified, namely: high-, medium-, low-, and healthy-engagement. • Academic performance showed no difference across the 4 clusters. • High-engagement cluster developed more negative consequences across five time points. • Escapism motives seem to be a risky driving force for gamers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which examines the impact of school support and self-care behaviors on life satisfaction among Taiwanese adolescents suffering type 1 diabetes (T1DM) by constructing a hypothesized model. The study uses questionnaires which investigates the perceived self-care behaviors, school support, and life satisfaction among participants. The study reveals that the self-care behaviors and school support directly affect the life satisfaction of adolescents with T1DM.

To examine the relationship between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours of adolescents. Developmental assets can be considered as potential health assets for adolescents. Understanding the relationship between developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours among adolescents could provide nurses with a new approach to design intervention programmes for adolescent health-promoting behaviours. A cross-sectional study design. Anonymous questionnaires were administered to 453 adolescents aged between 13-16 years. Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours. Canonical correlation analysis indicated two significantly meaningful variate pairs between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviour sets. The first pair variate accounted for 51·3% of the total variance, which showed that adolescents who had better self-esteem, future aspirations, responsible choices, family communication, non-parental adult role models, peer role models and community involvement had better behaviours of life appreciation, health responsibility, social support, stress management, nutrition and exercise. The second pair variate accounted for 9·6% of the total variance, which showed that adolescents who had better responsible choices had better stress management behaviours. Developmental assets are important to adolescents' health-promoting behaviours. Interventions focusing on strengthening developmental assets can potentially provide an innovative approach for nurses to improve health-promoting behaviours of adolescents. Strengthening developmental assets can potentially improve the health-promoting behaviours of adolescents. Individual and sociopolitical domains should be incorporated into programmes for enhancement of developmental assets. School nurses can cooperate with family and community and provide environments improving adolescents' developmental assets. Nurses should actively engage in developmental asset programmes for adolescents. The tools for measuring developmental assets modified and developed in this study were valid and reliable. They can be used for further examination of the developmental assets for adolescents in various subset populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This study uses an integrated model utilizing a small-world network and choice-based conjoint adoption model to examine the dynamics of consumer choice and diffusion in the hybrid electric vehicles market. It specifically compares the effectiveness of hybrid diffusion through the traditional word of mouth and via social media. The results show that without the advantage of increased gasoline prices, the growth of the hybrid vehicles market is insignificant, and that the Internet has a significant influence on the word of mouth effect in the purchasing process. Hybrid electric vehicles market shares decrease dramatically as a result of negative word of mouth communication via social media. The use of a higher fuel taxes is more effective than providing a subsidy for disposing of old vehicles and purchasing a hybrid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: Taiwan is projected to become a super-aged society in 2026. Taiwan's government introduced an innovative preventive care policy to improve aging-related conditions in 2017. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of an eating ability promotion program (EAPP) on the physical and mental performance of community-dwelling older adults., Design: Single-masked, cluster randomized trial., Setting: Two community care stations in Taichung, Taiwan., Participants: Volunteers were recruited from these 2 community care stations. The 70 participants were aged ≥60 years, able to walk independently and take care of themselves, and understood Mandarin or Taiwanese., Intervention: The volunteers were randomly assigned to an intervention; 40 participated in EAPP training courses (experimental group) and 30 participated in originally scheduled activities only (control group). EAPP training courses were conducted in the care stations 4 hours per week for 12 weeks (for a total of 48 hours)., Measures: The physical performance outcomes were oral health, nutritional status, and fragility, assessed using the Oral Health Assessment Tool, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures fragility index, respectively. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Cog test. Measurements were performed at baseline, at the end of the 12-week intervention, and 1 month later., Results: Following the EAPP intervention, controlling for baseline differences, the oral health (F = 33.29, P < .001), nutritional status (F = 7.30, P = .009), and scale of fragility (F = 19.05, P < .001) of the participants in the experimental group were significantly better than those reported in the control group., Conclusions and Implications: Results of this preliminary study suggest that the EAPP intervention may be an effective approach for improving oral health, nutritional status, and fragility in community-dwelling older adults. This training course, which provides clear and concise information regarding eating ability strategies, should undergo further evaluation and, if demonstrated to be effective and cost-effective in broader trials, may be useful in promoting healthy living., (Copyright © 2020 AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background/purpose: Internet addiction is the coming problem around the world. The diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction among adolescents (DC-IA-A) has become a widely used measure for assessing the presence of Internet addiction in Taiwan. This study examined the diagnosis criteria for Internet addiction in adolescents by expert evaluation., Methods: Twenty psychiatrists rated the adequacy of each criterion in DC-IA-A. The content validity and homogeneity reliability proposed by Aiken were calculated., Results: The coefficients content validity and homogeneity reliability showed twenty psychiatrists agreed on each of DC-IA-A as relevant to the diagnosis of Internet addiction, though several criteria need improvements. Two criteria "excessive time spent on Internet activities and leaving the Internet" and "excessive effort spent on activities necessary to obtain access to the Internet" should be omitted, and the criteria of "tolerance" should be modified., Conclusion: The diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction among adolescents should be revised to meet the real condition of this population., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Life satisfaction is associated with positive development in adolescents. Understanding a path model of life satisfaction can help healthcare providers design interventions to improve positive development in adolescents with type 1 diabetes., Purpose: The aim of this study was to construct a model that assesses the effects of school support and self-care behaviors on life satisfaction in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Taiwan., Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. One hundred and thirty-nine adolescents aged 10-18 years and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were recruited. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed perceived school support, self-care behaviors, and life satisfaction. The hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling., Results: School support significantly and directly affected self-care behaviors (β = .46, p = .022) and life satisfaction (β = .39, p = .034), self-care behaviors directly affected life satisfaction (β = .56, p = .048), and school support indirectly affected life satisfaction (β = .26, p = .015) through the mediation of self-care behaviors. The fix indices were as follows: χ2 = 8.141, df = 11, p = .701, goodness of fit index = .984, normed fit index = .949, and root mean square residual = .001. The model explained 66.1% of total life satisfaction variance., Conclusions: School support and self-care behaviors positively influence the life satisfaction of adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Improvements in school support and self-care behaviors are necessary to improve life satisfaction in this vulnerable group.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal Taiwanese women, and to investigate the relation between depressive symptoms and demographic variables, chronic disease status, health habits, stress management, menopausal symptoms, and attitudes toward menopause and aging., Study Design: Cross-sectional study, using a purposive sample of 566 women between 45 and 60 years of age from a medical center and residential community in Southern Taiwan., Main Outcome Measures: Demographic and health habits questionnaire, Women's Health Initiative Symptom Scale, Attitudes Toward Menopause and Aging Scale, and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D)., Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D score≥16) was 38.7% in peri- and post-menopausal Taiwanese women. Bivariate correlations and analyses of variance indicated that higher CES-D scores were related to lower family income, younger age, smoking for a greater number of years, consuming more alcohol, having multiple chronic diseases, not exercising regularly, consulting with a specialist for stress management, having more severe menopausal symptoms, and more negative attitudes toward menopause and aging. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the key predictors, accounting for 33.7% of the variance, were menopausal symptoms, attitudes toward menopause and aging, family income, and chronic disease status., Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of considering psychosocial factors, life style, and chronic disease management in providing health guidance for peri- and post-menopausal women to enhance their quality of life and reduce the risk of depressive symptoms., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Aims and Objectives: To examine the relationship between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours of adolescents., Background: Developmental assets can be considered as potential health assets for adolescents. Understanding the relationship between developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours among adolescents could provide nurses with a new approach to design intervention programmes for adolescent health-promoting behaviours., Design: A cross-sectional study design., Methods: Anonymous questionnaires were administered to 453 adolescents aged between 13-16 years. Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviours., Results: Canonical correlation analysis indicated two significantly meaningful variate pairs between selected developmental assets and health-promoting behaviour sets. The first pair variate accounted for 51.3% of the total variance, which showed that adolescents who had better self-esteem, future aspirations, responsible choices, family communication, non-parental adult role models, peer role models and community involvement had better behaviours of life appreciation, health responsibility, social support, stress management, nutrition and exercise. The second pair variate accounted for 9.6% of the total variance, which showed that adolescents who had better responsible choices had better stress management behaviours., Conclusion: Developmental assets are important to adolescents' health-promoting behaviours. Interventions focusing on strengthening developmental assets can potentially provide an innovative approach for nurses to improve health-promoting behaviours of adolescents., Relevance to Clinical Practice: Strengthening developmental assets can potentially improve the health-promoting behaviours of adolescents. Individual and sociopolitical domains should be incorporated into programmes for enhancement of developmental assets. School nurses can cooperate with family and community and provide environments improving adolescents' developmental assets. Nurses should actively engage in developmental asset programmes for adolescents. The tools for measuring developmental assets modified and developed in this study were valid and reliable. They can be used for further examination of the developmental assets for adolescents in various subset populations., (© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.)