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Offshore wind farm jacket structures are preferable in the deeper waters due to their flexible construction and cost-effectiveness. However, both wind tower and jacket structure are sensitive to cyclic/dynamic loading. With the rapid advancement in offshore wind farms globally, they are being constructed in the seismic regions of the world, such as offshore Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the seismic performance of offshore wind turbines. This research investigates the behavior of an offshore wind turbine jacket structure with pile foundations subjected to earthquake loading using dynamic centrifuge testing. A jacket-equivalent wind tower model was developed and tested under the two-layered sandy soil with a dense bottom layer overlain by a loose top layer to capture the liquefaction effects under seismic loading. Using the centrifuge test data, it will be shown that with the build-up of excess pore pressure in the soil causing liquefaction under strong seismic loading, the offshore wind turbine (OWT) structure suffers severe settlements and rotations that exceed the prescribed limits. However, it was possible to restrict the settlements and rotations by having an alternative arrangement that places the pile cap on the mudline. These results highlight the need to consider vertical settlements induced by the liquefaction in addition to the restriction of the rotations at the mudline level of the foundation and the need for more research on innovative ways to mitigate liquefaction induced settlements. • Jackets substructures with pile foundations are preferable for high-capacity wind turbines in active seismic regions. • This research investigates the behavior of jackets with piles in layered soil subjected to EQ using dynamic centrifuge testing. • The results show that the structure rotates under severe EQ loading and settles more than the prescribed limits without lateral loads. • Also, a prepiled foundation requires careful design consideration for large vertical settlements under liquefaction conditions. • Highlights the requirement for the novel prepiled jacket foundation to mitigate the liquefaction-induced settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three dynamic centrifuge models were tested to obtain data for safety evaluation of the Jen-Yi-Tan Dam in Taiwan subject to a strong earthquake. In these tests, recorded 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake ground motions were modified and used on the electro-hydraulic shaking table mounted on the 400 g-ton centrifuge at the University of Colorado at Boulder. All tests were conducted under centrifugal acceleration of 150 g, and the input acceleration was scaled accordingly in order to simulate the given earthquake. A rigid container and water as pore fluid were used in the tests. In both Models 2 and 3, no sign of soil liquefaction was observed in the tests although a noticeable amount of settlements were found from the earth dam cross-section profile after testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]