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According to the elders' health as the main priority of ageing in place, recent research focuses on a better understanding of the elders' needs of perceived safety especially the older women as the vulnerable group in urban open environments. This study aims to explore the perception of older women about safety and its related features in outdoor spaces according to promoting Active Ageing. We carried out a mixed-method study in which the data collection was conducted through content analysis. Semi-structured interviews were held with 54 older women (mean age 78.40 years). The participants were recruited in open spaces of Tehran applying the purposeful sampling and continued saturation during summer and fall of 2018. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The qualitative content analysis was used to extract sub-themes and main themes. In order to prioritize the extracted concepts, analytic hierarchy process was applied in quantitative analysis (AHP) in the quantitative phase. According to results, the perception of safety in female elders can be described in three main themes consisting of psychological, functional and environmental safety, in that order of priority. Psychological safety includes fears of falling, getting lost, social limitation, anxiety, and social support or capital, while functional safety consists of concerns about public transportation, walkability, and physical activity. Finally, environmental safety comprises of apprehension of road traffic accidence, criminals, upkeep, incivility, and nuisance. Our findings provide both personal and environmental features that can be targeted and require implementation from policymakers and urban developers to meet the needs of growing older vulnerable population to achieve global active ageing goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several countries are planning urban districts as knowledge and innovation spaces (KISs) to achieve economic and cultural goals. The literature shows that urban planning qualities such as place quality play a paramount role for the knowledge-based economy to flourish. This study develops a theoretical framework based on local experts' opinions to assess KISs developments. Following the development of this framework, this study identifies major criteria for KISs in urban planning, and consequently the most effective field-based indicators for KISs development at the precinct scale. This research has been developed in two steps using qualitative and quantitative techniques. In the first step, a desk study is used to identify KIS related indicators from literature. Next, by using a three-round Delphi survey, the local experts have modified, validated and prioritised these indicators to form the theoretical framework. Results show the significant interrelation of place qualities and the innovation concept in the context of good governance. Good governance has been proved to be one of the major foundations for this framework, facilitating effective urban management and planning by taking advantage of innovation spaces. The suggested methodology and presented framework assist policymakers and planners to deliver the localised KIS developments in precinct scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]