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Background/objective: We compared the surgery data of the department of otorhinolaryngology of the university hospitals in Japan and Thailand to make each feature and the differences of both otorhinolaryngology surgeries clear. There are some medical meetings and congresses between Japan and Thailand, but so far it has not reported about the comparison of surgery data., Methods: Retrospectively, we analyzed the surgical statistics of department of otorhinolaryngology of Nihon University Itabashi Hospital (Japan) and Thammasat University Hospital (Thailand) between 2013 and 2014., Results: In Japan, there were many surgeries involving the middle ear and paranasal sinuses whereas in Thailand, tracheotomy and tonsillectomy were more frequently performed. Statistical analysis of the surgical data revealed specific tendencies in the nature of the operations performed at each university., Conclusion: This study revealed that there are rather differences between two hospitals' surgeries features. It was thought that it would be beneficial to both institutions to gain a deeper understanding of the areas of expertise of each university in order to foster an environment conducive to increasing future international collaborations., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.)

Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether GJB2 mutations are responsible for childhood deafness in Southeast Asia., Background: GJB2 mutations are responsible for a large part of childhood deafness in many countries. In Whites, there is a common mutation (35delG) that accounts for about 70 to 80% of the GJB2 mutations. Previously, we and others reported a common GJB2 mutation (235delC) in Japanese patients with prelingual deafness. The association of the 235delC mutation with a single haplotype suggested a founder effect of the mutation., Methods: We analyzed the GJB2 gene in 17 deaf patients from 12 unrelated families in Thailand. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral lymphocytes of each patient and the entire coding region of the GJB2 gene was sequenced., Results: GJB2 mutations were found in 4 patients in 3 families. Patient 1 was a homozygote of 235delC. Patient 2 was a compound heterozygote of 235delC and W24X (71G --> A). Patient 3A and 3B (in 1 family) were heterozygotes of a novel mutation M34L (100A --> T)., Conclusion: The 235delC mutation may be widely distributed in Asian countries outside of Japan.