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Aim: Antibiotic-Resistance remains a major risk to the general public's health. To assess public awareness about antibiotics usage and antibiotic resistance, survey-based research was conducted during October-December 2022 in Tirana, Albania. The aim of this research is to analyze the general public's level of knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use and resistance to antibiotics as well as to identify the demographic traits associated with them. Materials and Methods: A validated survey was used to collect the data. The survey was organized into four sections to gather information on socio-demographic traits, antibiotic use, knowledge on antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance. A Chi-square test was used to identify the associations between categorical variables. A p-value of 5% or less was considered significant for any test performed. Results: The study participants showed an overall good general knowledge of antibiotic resistance. The level of knowledge was significantly related with gender (p=0.005), education (p=0.018), and age (p<0.001). The settlement category appeared to be significantly associated with self-medication (p=0.020). Our findings imply that although individuals acknowledge the issue of antibiotic resistance, they are not fully informed about the causes and their personal role for preventing its spread. Conclusion: This research can serve as a baseline for further interventions addressing these issues and encouraging the proper use of antibiotics in the local context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is to assess the content of sulfur in Diesel samples that traded in Tirana. This study has rich for a period January 2010 to June 2012. All samples are taken random in fuel station in axe of the road. The total of analyzed samples are 47. Results show that 7 samples analyzed in 2010 have high sulfur content over 350 ppm which has been allowed until January of 2011. In 2011 we have 7 samples with sulfur content above 10 ppm and in 2012 we have 4 samples over 10 ppm. From the results obtained from this study show that 18 of total samples analyzed is above the adopted standard for sulfur content. This relatively high percentage of the analyzed samples may come as a result of the use of diesel D2 which is allowed for consumption by heavy agricultural vehicles as levels of sulfur content in these samples is much higher than the level required. Given this result the level of SO2 emitted into the environment is very high and is one of the most important pollutants in the quality of air in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years, in our region, there has been a growth of decorative birds, particularly of the pigeons. This is the reason of the infections threat augmentation. This fact has attracted the attention of the veterinary services on the precaution of the health and the keeping the diseases under control, and the prophylaxis over the transmitted diseases one ofwhich is Fowl pox (Artrese H. 1985; Elezi Y. 2005; Boucher. S. et Coll. 1995). The study conducted under desertion looks at important epidemiological aspects and the clinical disease of the Fowl pox in pigeons. This study is about the way, which Fowl pox is affected by the age, seasons, and the clinical factors monitored in three flocks of pigeons in the region of Tirana. In freed flocks of pigeons, which are mostly not vaccinated the disease goes up to 95%;this causes problems to their the health although the rate of death is slightly lowered. (Stosskopf, 1994). In the defter-affected birds, the damage can be from 8-10% to a higher rate in the young ages. However, this percentage could go up to 50%. In our region, the disease appeared in the form of variola of the defter and in a mixed form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]