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Purpose: The study was carried out to investigate the effect of motivational interviewing on peer bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. Design: A parallel‐group randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study population consisted of ninth‐grade (aged 14 years) high school students (n = 200). The study was completed with 48 participants (intervention: 24; control: 24). The data were collected using the Participant Information Form, the Stages of Change Questionnaire, the Peer Bullying Scale, and the Cyberbullying Scale. The intervention group received a preparatory session and five weekly motivational interviewing sessions. Instruments were administered to both groups before the intervention, at the end of the last motivational interviewing session (post‐test), and at 3rd‐ and 6th‐month follow‐ups. The data were analyzed using chi‐square test, independent sample t‐test, and two‐way mixed‐design ANOVA with Bonferroni's test. Results: In the pre‐test, no statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups regarding mean scores for peer bullying and cyberbullying (p > 0.05). Following the motivational interviewing sessions, adolescents in the intervention group had a significantly lower mean score for peer bullying and cyberbullying than the control group at the post‐test and follow‐up tests (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study concluded that motivational interviewing effectively reduced peer bullying and cyberbullying behaviors among adolescents. Clinical Relevance: Nurses would implement motivational interviewing to prevent bullying behaviors in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although family physicians (FPs) often encounter patients who have been subjected to intimate partner violence (IPV), the data on FPs' response to IPV is limited. This study aimed to determine FPs' attitudes towards IPV survivors in the Çankaya district of Ankara, Turkey. Methods: An online questionnaire designed to elicit sociodemographic information and FPs' attitudes towards IPV was distributed between 20 August 2021 and 20 October 2021. Results: Eighty-nine FPs participated in the study. Of the participants, 71.9% had a patient diagnosed with IPV during their practice. Of these physicians, 100% diagnosed physical, 56.3% sexual, 71.9% psychological, 53.1% economic, and 10.9% cyber violence. Among these physicians, sexual, psychological, and economic violence were determined at higher rates by family medicine specialists (FMSs) compared to general practitioners (GPs), by FPs who had received IPV training compared to those who were untrained, and by female physicians compared to males (P < 0.05). Despite diagnosing IPV, some physicians did not intervene/guide their patients, and some only consoled their patients because they thought the situation was inevitable. The reasons for not taking official action included insufficient time, feeling uncomfortable talking about violence, lack of information about the detection and reporting, and the thought that the woman would not leave her abusive partner. Conclusions: The results showed that among the physicians who encountered IPV, female sex, family medicine speciality training, and IPV training resulted in acting more consciously in diagnosing violence, implementing referral and notification systems, and approaching IPV survivors. The prevention of IPV could be made possible by supporting FPs with ongoing training, breaking down stereotypes and prejudices about gender roles, and changing the structures that maintain unequal power relationships. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem. With a small sample, this study determines family physicians' attitudes towards IPV. Although IPV survivors attend primary healthcare services, there is a lack of knowledge and varying attitude among family physicians towards IPV. Family medicine speciality training and IPV training raise awareness about recognising, referring, and approaching IPV survivors. Female physicians have greater knowledge and a better approach to IPV survivors than males. Reducing gender inequality and education is critical in the prevention of IPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyberbullying is becoming increasingly widespread as individuals use technology more widely and frequently. Recent studies have shown a growing vulnerability for cyberbullying and cybervictimization, particularly in the adolescent population. We argue that dysfunctional metacognitions, which have been found to be prominent in various psychiatric disorders, may also play a role in predicting cyberbullying and cybervictimization over and above a variety of established factors including daily Internet use, social media use, depression and anxiety. For this purpose, we recruited 121 adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 122 adolescents diagnosed with anxiety disorders (AD) from the child and adolescent psychiatric department of 'Çankırı State Hospital' along with age and gender matched healthy controls (n = 120). Participants completed the DSM‐5 Depression and Anxiety Severity Scales, the Social Media Disorder Scale (SMDS), the Metacognitions Questionnaire for Children (MCQ‐C) and the Revised Cyberbullying Inventory‐II (RCBI‐II). Cybervictimization scores were found to be higher in the MDD and AD groups when compared with healthy controls. Cyberbullying scores in the MDD group were higher than healthy controls. Additionally, the Superstition, Punishment and Responsibility subdimension of the MCQ‐C was a significant predictor of cybervictimization in the AD group while controlling for daily Internet use, social media use and anxiety. However, metacognitions were not associated with cyberbullying in the MDD and AD groups, as well as with cybervictimization in the MDD group. We concluded that dysfunctional metacognitions may be a preventive therapeutic target in reducing the impact of cyberbullying in adolescents with AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measures, restrictions, and death-related rituals in the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the mourning-related routines of individuals. Moreover, mourning processes have been affected by the restriction of death-related cultural rituals, funeral ceremonies performed only by the officials, and the prohibition of visiting graves. This study aims to investigate the experiences of individuals who lost their loved ones in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. For that purpose, the phenomenological method is employed in the design of the study. Individual interviews were conducted with nine participants who lost their relatives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researchers. The study participants described the various factors contributing to the grief and mourning process in the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors were categorized into three following main categories: grief and mourning responses of the individuals lost loved ones, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses; risk factors including the expectation of harm, unfinished business, and restriction of death-related religious-cultural rituals; and protective factors including relative support (i.e., family, spouse, friend, partner), tele-support (i.e., mobile phone, internet, social media), positive coping strategies (cognitive, behavioral, and religious-spiritual), and delayed business. The "delayed business" concept was also addressed within protective factors and explained in general terms. Finally, the findings were discussed considering the literature and presented some theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cyberbullying is becoming a global threat with the ease of access to the internet. Although many studies addressed the relationship between coping strategies and cyber victimization, the role of coping strategies, protective or risk factors, on involvement in cyberbullying perpetration is unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the effect of active, avoidant, and negative coping strategies and the sociodemographic variables (i.e., parents' education, gender, and family income) on cyberbullying perpetration behaviors. Method: The study was conducted on 1032 adolescents (mean age = 16.01 years; range = 14–18 years), 608 (58.9%) were female, and 424 (41.1%) were male. Personal Information Form, Cyberbullying Scale, and Coping Scale for Adolescents (the KIDCOPE) were used in data collection. Multiple regression analysis was performed for data analysis. Results: The study's findings revealed that active coping strategy (β = −.26, p <.001) was a protective factor for cyberbullying perpetration behaviors, whereas avoidant (β =.31, p <.001) and negative coping (β =.32, p <.001) strategies and the mother's education (β =.10, p <.001) were risk factors. However, the study results showed that gender (β = −.01, p >.05), family income (β =.03, p >.05), and the father's education (β =.01, p >.05) were not predicting factors of cyberbullying perpetration behaviors. Conclusions: The results are discussed in light of the relevant literature and presented some theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the ways that celebs maintain their fame in the modern era is by posting updates and photos to social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. Comments left on their posts, however, expose them to cyberbullying. Cyberbullying, as a form of electronic device-based harassment, negatively impacts the lives of individuals. Thirty famous people from the fields of acting, art, music, politics, sports, and writing were chosen for this research. These notable figures include the top five Twitter followers of Turkey in each demographic. Between December 2019 and December 2020, comment responses for each celebrity were collated. Using the Deep Learning model, we were able to detect abuse content with an accuracy of 89%. Additionally, the percentage of celebrities exposed to cyberbullying by group was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most significant issues with online education is that students disengage and eventually drop out of the course due to their inability to remain active in the online environment. Thus, disengagement from online courses has been seen as an important obstacle to the successful continuation of the online learning process. This study aimed to empirically explore the disengagement from online courses with a proposed model. A structural model was tested to explain the causal relationship among disengagement, cyberloafing, self-regulation skills, and satisfaction in online learning. The study group consisted of 843 undergraduates from a midsized institution in Turkey who were enrolled in an online course at the time of the study. Results showed that cyberloafing and satisfaction were significant predictors of disengagement, while self-regulation had an indirect effect on it. The study's findings indicated that online instructors and educational policymakers should focus more on fostering satisfaction and enhancing students' self-regulation abilities while keeping cyberloafing under control to prevent disengagement from online courses in the age of digital transformation. • A structural model was used to investigate predictors of online learning disengagement. • Cyberloafing was the most important predictor of disengagement. • Satisfaction has a negative effect on disengagement. • Self-regulation has an indirect effect on disengagement rather than a direct effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This seminal study from Turkey investigates sexual abuse (SA) victimization, psychological symptoms, and hopelessness in female adolescents with runaway behavior. A total of 76 female adolescent participants aged 15–18 completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Among these adolescents, 63.1% (n = 48) were victims of SA, 61.8% (n = 47) had a Global Severity Index (GSI) T-score of 63 or above, and 68.4% (n = 52) had moderate–severe hopelessness. Although there was no significant difference, the SA rate was higher in those who had experienced SA before running away. 'Intrafamilial relationship problems' and 'SA-related factors' were the most frequently reported reasons for runaway behavior. Victims of SA had significantly higher scores in all BSI subdimensions and global symptom severity than those previously not SA victims. The results suggest that high levels of psychological symptoms, hopelessness, history of SA, and poor parent–child relationships are possible factors that can describe female adolescents who have run away from home. Psychosocial prevention programs involving adolescents and parents are needed to prevent at-risk female adolescents from running away from home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anxiously attached individuals worry about the psychological availability of their partners. Their preoccupation with unmet attachment related needs is likely accompanied by ruminative thoughts, feelings of jealousy, and dating abuse perpetration. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of gender differences in perpetrating psychological and cyber dating abuse and to explore a hypothesized serial path from anxious attachment, through rumination, and cognitive jealousy to psychological and cyber dating abuse perpetration. The sample consisted of 562 (404 women) Turkish emerging adults. The majority of the sample perpetrated at least one psychological (88.9%) and cyber (68.4%) abusive behavior over the last six months, with women perpetrating more psychological and cyber abuse. We tested a serial mediational model for each type of dating abuse, which indicated that anxious attachment was related to more rumination (brooding), cognitive jealousy, and in turn, to psychological and cyber dating abuse perpetration. We discuss the implications of our study for research, theory, and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To predict the effect of parental attitude and proactive and reactive aggression on the cyberbully, cyber victims, and cyberbully/victim among students aged 9–14 years. Methods: This study is a cross‐sectional, correlational, and predictive study. The sample included 360 students. Data were collected with the "Adolescence Information Form," "Parental Attitude Scale," "Proactive–Reactive Aggression Scale," and "Cyberbully/Victim Questionnaire." Logistic regression analysis was used. Findings: This study was determined that proactive–reactive aggression and parental attitude predicted 30.3% of cyberbully/victim cases. Proactive aggression and Internet usage time are essential predictors of cyberbullying cases. Practice Implications: To protect and improve their children's health, children should be informed about cyberbullying, proactive–reactive aggression, and the duration of Internet use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cyber victimization among high school students, to examine some possibly related variables and to evaluate the relation with level of self-esteem in Sivrihisar district of Eskişehir. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between May-June 2018. The study group consisted of 712 students. The questionnaire used in the study includes The Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory-II and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test and Logistic Regression Analysis were performed to analyze the data. It was considered significant if p≤0.05. Results: The 60.1% of the students were female, and the mean value of ages was 16.3±1.2 in years (ranged 13-20). The prevalence of cyber victimization was 51.3% (n=365). When compared to other groups in same subtitle, the risk of being cyber victim was 1.66 times higher in the 9th and 10th grades (CI: 1.20-2.30), 4.56 times higher in individuals with poor family income (CI: 1.18-17.64), 1.53 times in the middle ones (CI: 1.10-2.16), 3.15 times in individuals with social media accounts (CI: 1.00-9.85), and 2.80 times higher in individuals having problems with anyone on the internet (CI: 1.96-4.02). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores were higher in cyber victims (p=0.027). Conclusions: It was concluded that cyber victimization is an important problem among high school students in Sivrihisar, and cyber victimization is observed higher in the group with low self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyberbullying, a new form of the traditional bullying that has been transferred to the electronic environments (social media, online gaming environments, blogs, etc.), from the physical context to the virtual context, refers mainly to aggression that is deliberately carried out by adolescents. This study aims to measure the level of cyberbullying in Turkish high school students living in Eastern Turkey and identify the demographic and socio‐economic factors which lead to being bully and being cyberbullied. The study population consists of 470 students aged from 15–19 years. exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were implemented to identify the factor structure of the scale and it was observed that the Turkish version of the cyberbullying scale (CBS) is best represented by a one‐factor structure. The comparisons across demographic and socio‐economic variables were implemented using independent samples t test, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD. To summarize the key findings, the variables that significantly affect the students' CBS scores are; gender, school type, number of siblings, ownership of a mobile phone, length of ownership of a mobile phone, private access to the Internet, family supervision, purpose of Internet usage, length of time spent on the Internet and type of application used to message with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Cyberbullying Inventory (CBI) for University Students. There were 635 Turkish university students (57.48% females) in the pilot data set. The results showed that the pilot data set confirmed the proposed factor structure for CBI for University Students with some modifications. The final form of CBI for University Students was cross-validated with a second data set, composed of 1281 Turkish university students (52.54% females). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed adequate fit to the data, the internal consistency coefficients showed good internal consistencies, and evidence for convergent validity was obtained. Therefore, CBI for University Students with 11 items is a valid and reliable assessment instrument that can be used by researchers, counsellors and other mental health practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the relationships among empathic tendency and circadian preference on cyberbullying and cybervictimization of adolescents in Turkey were examined. The study group included 1540 adolescents (861 female, 679 male), and anonymous and voluntary participation was sought in forming the study group. Data were collected from each participant by assessing a demographic questionnaire, the Composite Scale of Morningness for circadian preference, Empathy, Cyberbully and Victim Scales. The most important result was that gender, empathy, and Composite Scale of Morningness scores were the predictors for cyberbullying and cybervictimization, and as a consequence, male and evening-oriented adolescents scored higher on cyberbullying and cybervictimization. Additionally, it was observed that cyberbullying and empathy were inversely correlated in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In this study, the cyber aggression in relationships scale (CARS) was intended to be adapted to Turkish. Design and Methods: The study was designed as a methodological study with 426 students. Findings: The best fit index values for both the cyber perpetration and cyber victimization scales (CVSs) were obtained through confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficients for the overall and sub‐dimensions of the cyber perpetration scale and CVS were found to range from 0.88 to 0.92 and 0.85 to 0.91, respectively. Practice Implications: In the study, CARS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying and to evaluate the perceived social support levels. Material and Method: This study was conducted on 2937 high school students studying in the city centre of Eskişehir. The questionnaire used in the study includes some sociodemographic characteristics of the students, the questions of Cyberbullying Inventory-II and the questions of the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. A Chi-square test, Logistic Regression Analysis and the Mann Whitney U test were used for analysis. Results: The prevalence of cyberbullying among high school students consists of 65.3%. The prevalence of cyberbullying especially increases among men with a history of mental disorder, long internet usage, any social media account and who feel stronger on the internet. The frequency of cyberbullying is lower among students with high family support. Conclusion: Cyberbullying is an important public health problem among high school students. In order to prevent and detect cyberbullying, training and awareness-raising should be provided for students, parents and teachers. Families, especially the children, should be provided with the necessary social support by the relevant authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology has many positive effects on education, but negative effects also exist. One of the negative effects is cyberbullying spreading out of school boundaries to the social networks. The increasing popularity of social media among youngsters engenders cyberbullies who exploit the virtual environment besides the usual emails. This distresses the students and adversely affects their families, teachers, and others around them. Although research studies mainly concentrate on prior education, there seems to be a need to investigate the situation in higher education. This study focuses on students studying technology and related disciplines, who are hence likely to be well connected with cyberspace, and explores their awareness about cyberbullying. The findings reveal that female students have significantly less awareness than males. This study will help address some gender issues in cyberbullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The effect of cyberbullying accompanied by traditional bullying on mental health has been less studied. In this study, the frequency, co-occurrence, and the relationship to psychiatric symptoms of traditional bullying and cyberbullying among bullies and victims are examined. Methods All of the high schools in the province of Mus, Turkey were stratified according to Placement Test for High Schools admission points for 2014-2015. By choosing schools using simple random sampling, 1276 students were reached. Students were given the Brief Symptom Inventory and three separate scale assessments: peer bullying rating, cybervictimization, and cyberbullying scales. Results High scores in all subscale scores of bullying and victimization were significantly related to higher depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, somatization, and hostility scores. For people who were exposed to cyberbullying in addition to traditional bullying, the severity of the psychiatric symptoms was significantly higher. For all psychiatric symptoms, major predictors were gender, total victimization score, and total cybervictimization score. Moreover, the bullying total score was among the predictors of low self-esteem and hostility. Conclusion Cybervictimization and cyberbullying occur less often than traditional bullying and victimization, but people who were exposed to or performed cyberbullying were also exposed to or performed traditional bullying. The addition of cyberbullying to traditional bullying is associated with more intense psychiatric symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examines the role of violence tendecy on cyberbullying perpetrations and their victims. Turkish adolescents [N = 286, 167 girls (58,4%) and 119 boys (41,6%)] aged 15–18 years [mean age of 17.6 years (df:0.78)] were recruited from different high school types [101 (35.4%) of the participants were students in vocational high school, 88 (30.7%) anatolian high school and 97 (33.9%) public high school]. Participants completed Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (RCBI, Topçu & Erdur-Baker, 2010) and Violence Tendency Scale (VTS, Haskan & Yıldırım, 2012 ). Collected data were analyzed Pearson correlation coefficients and simple regression. Pearson correlations revealed that violence tendency was positively related to cyberbullying perpetration ( r = 0.344, p < 0.01). Also, violence tendency was positively related to cyber victimization ( r = 0.242, p < 0.01). Also simple regressions revealed that violence tendency was significant individual predictors both cyberbullying perpetration and cyber victimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender differences in bullying behavior among adolescents have been observed, but the reasons for the discrepancy in males’ and females’ bullying experiences has been the focus of few studies. This study examined the role of the cognitive and affective empathy in explaining gender differences in bullying through multiple mediation analysis. The participants of the study were 795 Turkish adolescents (455 females, 340 males) ranging in age from 13- to 18-years-old. The Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory, Traditional Bullying Questionnaire and Basic Empathy Scale were utilized to gather data from participants. Findings revealed that the total effect of cognitive and affective empathy mediated the gender differences in traditional bullying in addition to the unique effect of affective empathy. However, only the combined effect of affective and cognitive empathy mediated the gender differences in cyberbullying. The findings are discussed in the light of the related literature and implications for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The current study examined the self-reported prevalence and nature of cyberbullying and victimization among second, third, and fourth grade students ( N=372) and explored associated features of home and school life. Of the children in the current sample, 27 percent had been victims of cyberbullying, 18 percent had been aggressors, and 15 percent had been both cyberbullies and victims. Boys were significantly more likely to carry out cyberbullying than girls. Cyberbullying exposure (as both a bully and a victim) was significantly associated with low levels of self-reported school satisfaction (bullies odds ratio [OR]: 2.45; victims OR: 2.10; p<0.05) and achievement (bullies OR: 3.85; victims OR: 3.47, p<0.05). Paternal unemployment was also associated with a three-fold increase in the likelihood of being a cyberbully. Increased awareness and regulation is now required within schools and within the home to tackle this escalating problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Çalışmanın temel amacı meslek liseterinde eḡitim görmekte olan öḡrencilerde narsistik kişilik özelliklerinin internet baḡımlılıḡı ve siber zorbalıḡı ne düzeyde yordadıḡını açıḡa çıkarmaktır. Araştırmaya küme örnekleme yolu ile İstanbul İli Anadolu yakasında eḡitim görmekte olan beş yüz sekiz meslek lisesi öḡrencisi (331 erkek- %66.2, 169 Kız %33,8- 8 belirtilmemiş, x̄ =16,24) katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak ise Atay tarafından uyarlanan Narsistik Kişilik Ölçeḡi, Günüç ve Kayri tarafından geliştirilen İnternet Baḡımlıḡı Ölçeḡi ile Arıcak ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen Siber Zorbalık Ölçeḡi kullanılmıştır. Model, narsisizmin siber zorbalık üzerinde dolaylı bir etkiye sahip olduḡunu göstermiştir. Narsistik bir kişilik özelliḡi olarak "hak iddia etmek", internet baḡımlılıḡındaki "yoksunluḡu" ve "kontrol güçlüḡi"nü; narsistik "üstünlük" özelliḡi ise internet baḡımlılıḡındaki "sosyal izolasyon"u anlamlı düzeyde yordadıḡını görtermektedir. Narsistik "sömürücülük" puanlarının internet baḡımlılıḡı "kontrol güçlüḡü" puanlarını negatif bir etkiyle yordadıḡı görülmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this study is to find out to what extend do narcissistic personality traits predict internet addiction and cyber bullying in vocational high school students. For this study five hundred and eight vocational high school students (331 male students- 66,2%, 169 female students 33,8% and 8 unstated x̄ 16,24) from Anatolian side of Istanbul Province have been selected by using cluster sampling method. As data collection tools, Narcissistic Personality Inventory adopted by Atay, Internet Addiction Scale developed by Günüç and Kayri, and Cyber Bullying Inventory developed by Ancak et.al have been used. The model shows that narcissism has an indirect effect on cyber bullying. As a trait of narcissistic personality "entitlement", significantly predicts "deprivation" and controlling difficulty in internet addiction, besides, the trait of narcissistic personality, "superiority" predicts significantly "social isolation" in internet addiction. It is found out that the scores of narcissistic personality "exploitativeness" negatively predict the scores of internet addiction "controlling difficulty". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explain high school students' perceptions of cyber bullying behaviour. The work group of the study consists of 14 students (10 Male, 4 Female,) who still attend various high schoolsl in Sakarya in 2010- 2011 Education Year. One of qualitative research method "phenomenology method", which is suitable for research's nature,had been used. In the research, in point of structure "standardized open-ended interview", in data analysis a kind of content analysis "categorical analysis" had been used. As a result this study, cyberbullying behavior exhibited by students categorized as cyber verbal language, cyberforgery, and hiding identity. Results of this study indicated that the reasons for cyberbullying includes gaining social popularity, struggling boredom, and making revenge. The findings of this study indicate that students maintain cyberbullying to feel well, empower friendships, and enjoy his time. This study demonstrated that students feel anger, sadness, and revenge when they experience cybervictimization. What are the signs and consequences of cyber bullying, cyber bullying dealing with issues such as families, organize seminars for teachers and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the relationship between cyber bullying, cyber victimization and psychological symptoms was investigated in adolescents. The sample of the study consisted of 300 high school student adolescents who attend different types of high schools in Trabzon in 2009-2010 academic years. In the study, demographic data form, The Scale of Cyber bullying and Brief Symptom Inventory were used as data collection instruments. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, One-Way ANOVA and independent samples t test were conducted to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that there were significant relationships between cyber bullying, cyber victimization and some psychological symptoms. Furthermore, significant differences were found in cyber bullying and cyber victimization in terms of school type and gender variables. These results were discussed in light of relevant literature and some recommendations were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored Turkish students' experience of cyberbullying and their use of social networking tools. A total of 756 7th-grade students participated from eight different middle schools in Istanbul, the largest city of Turkey. A 15-item questionnaire was used in a classroom environment to collect data. Results revealed that male students were more involved in cyberbullying than female students. Students used instant messaging programs in cyberbullying, and bullying victims did not communicate with adults when they were exposed to harassment. The majority of students did not know effective safety strategies for use in cyberspace. Those who were themselves cyberbullied tended to engage in cyberbullying. The prevalence of cyberbullying in Turkish middle schools suggests that schools should adopt appropriate prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to adapt the Basic Empathy Scale (BES; Jolliffe and Farrington, 2006) and examined the validity and reliability features of it. Translation and back translation of the 20-item scale were made. Items were evaluated by a focus group of 6 students and two experts. Two different groups of participants (ages 13-21) completed the final version of the scale. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the first group of participants (358) some modifications were made. CFA was repeated with the modified scale on the second group of participants (359) and the fit indices were deemed satisfactory. The significant negative correlations of the scale with the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (Topcu and Erdur-Baker, 2010) and Traditional Bullying Questionnaire (Topcu, 2008) provided evidence for the divergent validity of the scale. Cronbach alpha coefficients ranging from .76 to .80 for each scale were observed. Therefore, the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of BES were satisfactory and can be used to measure cognitive and affective empathy levels of Turkish adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent surveys show that cyber bullying is a pervasive problem in North America. Many news stories have reported cyber bullying incidents around the world. Reports on the prevalence of cyber bullying and victimization as a result of cyber bullying increase yearly. Although we know what cyber bullying is it is important that we learn more about the psychological effects of it. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between psychological needs and cyber bullying. Participants of the study included 666 undergraduate students (231 males and 435 females) from 15 programs in the Faculty of Education at Selcuk University, Turkey. Questions about demographics, engagement in and exposure to cyber bullying, and the Adjective Check List were administered. 22.5% of the students reported engaging in cyber bullying at least one time, and 55.3% of the students reported being victims of cyber bullying at least once in their lifetime. Males reported more cyber bullying behavior than females. Results indicate that aggression and succorance positively predict cyber bullying wheras intraception negatively predict it. In addition, endurance and affiliation negatively predict cyber victimization. Only the need for change was found as a positive, but weak predictor of cyber victimization. In light of these findings, aggression and intraception should be investigated further in future research on cyber bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of cyberbullying experiences among public and private school students in Turkey. One hundred eighty-three participants between the ages of 14 and 15 were recruited for the study. Participants were asked to respond to questionnaires measuring demographic information, usage frequency of Internet-mediated communication tools (IMCT), and cyberbullying experience (as a victim and as a bully). Participants who reported cyberbullying victimization were also asked how they felt and whether they sought help after such experiences. Results indicated that public school students were more likely than private school students to report being cyberbullies and cybervictims despite that private school students were more likely than public school students to report more frequent usage of IMCT. The findings of the logistic regression analyses indicated that usage frequency of IMCT was a significant predictor of cyberbullying/victimization for public school students but not for private school students. While victims from private school revealed that they did not mind the cyberbullying experience because they thought it was a joke, victims from public school reported that they felt angry when they experienced cyberbullying. Both public and private schools indicated that friends were their first choice for help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The aim of this study is to examine the individual experiences and opinions of adolescent cyberbullying victims on cyber victimization. • A case study pattern has been used in the research. • It has been found that the adolescents who had been exposed to cyberbullying described the practice as a bad behavior, the type of cyber victimization that they had experienced was being called from a secret number, they felt fear and anger when they were exposed to cyberbullying and they shared this with their friends. The aim of this study is to examine the individual experiences and opinions of adolescent cyberbullying victims on cyber victimization. A case study pattern, one of the qualitative research methods, has been used in the research. The working group of the research comprised 17 adolescents studying at a high school in the city of Antalya in Turkey who had been exposed to cyberbullying. In the study, a cyber victimization scale has been used to identify adolescents who were exposed to cyberbullying. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted by determining the adolescents who had high scores and were therefore exposed to cyberbullying. The inductive content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the interviews. As a result of the research, it has been found that the adolescents who had been exposed to cyberbullying described the practice as annoying and bad behavior, the type of cyber victimization that they had experienced was being called from a secret number, they knew who the perpetrator was, they felt high levels of fear and anger when they were exposed to cyberbullying and they shared this with their friends. According to the results of the study, various recommendations are provided for educators, researchers, and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]