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Turnip juice, Shalgam, which is produced through lactic acid fermentation, is a red, blurry and sour tasting drink special to Turkey. Flour made of cracked wheat, rutabaga, water, sour dough, black carrot and salt are used as ingredients in the production. In this study; the effects of different amounts of black carrot used in turnip juice, which had been proportioned as 10, 15 and 20% in the production, on chemical properties, color composition, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content and sensorial properties of the juice were determined. Results indicated that as the amount of black carrot increased, total acidity, total phenolic and anthocyanin contents increased. Total phenolic contents in the turnip juice increased during fermentation and with an increase in the amount of black carrot used in formula. At the end of the fermentation, total phenolic contents of turnip juices with 10, 15 and 20% black carrot were 455.51, 654.01, 858.51 mg (gallic acid equivalent)/L, respectively. Similar to total phenolic contents; total anthocyanin contents of turnip juices increased with time and an increase in the amount of black carrot used and total anthocyanin contents were 157.52, 214.94, 306.40 mg cy-3-glu/L, respectively. According to the results of sensory evaluation, the turnip juice sample containing 20% black carrot was the most favored sample among the three types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 28 red and 18 white musts, from seven different local wineries in Turkey, were investigated to determine their ochratoxin A (OTA) content following the 2006 harvest period. The removal conditions of OTA during the main stages of the wine making processes (alcoholic fermentation, malolactic fermentation, racking, fining and storage) were investigated using HPLC techniques. In addition, the removal of OTA from two samples of red musts containing more than 1.0 μg/L of OTA and one sample of white must containing 0.83 μg/L of OTA were studied. The percentage of OTA removal in the final wine was found to be 41.8% (Sample A) and 53.7% (Sample B) in red wine and 44.7% in the white wine. The activated carbon had no greater effect on removing OTA than the other fining agents. The wine bottle ageing processes decreased the OTA content of the red wine between 11.8% and 17.6% during 12 and 18 months of storage, respectively. The 24 month ageing period did not affect the OTA level of the red wine further compared to the 18 month period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]