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Background: The goals of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capability of enhanced/unenhanced 18FFDG- PET/CT scans for identifying primary-secondary liver malignancies in terms of size and localization, to decide the quantitative impact of contrast agent on the SUVmax values of liver lesions and normal liver tissue, and to assess the impact in SUVmax metrics following contrast substance administration. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective research that included patients with suspicious primary and secondary hepatic cancers. Patients had non-enhanced & enhanced regional PET/CT examinations. The dimension, position, densities (HU), visually assessment outcome, and SUVmax values for all pathological lesions were recorded, as well as the HU and SUVmax data of normal hepatic tissue. Results: There were 97 liver lesions in total. Visually assessment outcome of lesions, the introduction of a contrast substance considerably enhanced the HU and SUVmax measurements for normal hepatic tissue. The HU measurements for lesions bigger than 1cm increased statistically significantly, as did the SUVmax levels of centralized lesions bigger than 1cm. The attenuation adjustment procedures, resulted in an average inaccuracy in computed SUVmax values at the ratio of %5 for normal liver tissue and %6 for all hepatic pathologies following the contrast substance delivery. Conclusions: The inclusion of contrast substance increases the identification, localization, and characterization of the liver lesions with PET/CT substantially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the frequency and types of incidental findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine in patients with intervertebral discopathy. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 1000 patients (513 females and 487 males, with a mean age of 50.5 years) with clinically suspected intervertebral discopathy who underwent MRI. Any abnormal findings and congenital anomalies/anatomical variations unrelated to the primary complaint were referred to as incidental findings. Frequency distributions of the assessed imaging characteristics were calculated. Results: Of the 1000 patients, 192 (19.2%) patients were presented with incidental findings. The positive findings in the thoracic spine (26%) were higher than those in the lumbar (19.8%) and cervical spine (13.7%). The study found vertebral haemangioma to be the most common finding, followed by Schmorl's nodes in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Thyroid nodules constituted the most common finding in the cervical spine, followed by vertebral haemangioma. Renal cysts in the thoracic and lumbar spine and thyroid nodules in the cervical spine were the most frequent extraspinal findings. Conclusion: Incidental findings are commonly detected during MRI examination of intervertebral discs, and most are benign findings. However, incidental findings including clinically essential findings can alter the patient's treatment or affect the patient's life. Therefore, it is crucial to systematically evaluate MRIs without focusing solely on the spine and report incidental findings detected on MRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of our study was to analyze the clinicopathologic features of conjunctival tumors followed at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. One hundred and sixty four patients with surgically excised conjunctival tumors followed between March 1995 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data were collected from medical records. Age and gender of patients, and clinical and histopathologic findings of lesions were identified. Of all the patients 139 (84.75%) were male and 25 (15.24%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 26.4 years (range 4 to 65 years). Of the 164 conjunctival lesions, 115 (70.12%) were nevus, 12 (7.31%) were chronic inflammation, 9 (5.48%) were pyogenic granuloma, 6 (3.65%) were limbal dermoid, 5 (3.04%) were racial melanosis, 4 (2.43%) were benign lymphoid hyperplasia, 3 (1.82%) were hemangioma, 2 (1.21%) were primary acquired melanosis, 2 (1.21%) were inflammatory polyp, 2 (1.21%) were squamous cell carcinoma, 1 (0.6%) was malignant melanoma, 1 (0.6%) was squamous papilloma, 1 (0.6%) was keratoacanthoma and 1 (0.6%) was non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In our study, we found that the most common conjunctival benign tumor was nevus. Although squamous cell carcinoma is a rare conjunctival malignant tumor, it may be encountered in young age population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effectiveness of the different pharmacological agents and different doses of systemic cortico steroids was analyzed. A total of 1109 patients (median age 8 months; F/M: 2.3) with hemangioma, followed up in our unit for 23 years, were evaluated retrospectively. Forty-five of them received systemic corticosteroids. Two different pharmacological agents, prednisolone (in 26 patients) and methyl prednisolone (in 19 patients), had been used in three different regimens. Groups were compared according to the final results and rebound regrowth. Response was considered good or excellent in 16 patients (36%). There were no differences in response to therapy among the three regimens. No difference was found in response to therapy between prednisolone and methylprednisolone and the two different doses of the methylprednisolone. Rebound regrowth was significantly higher in methyl prednisolone than in the prednisolone group (p = .045). In multivariate analysis the dimension of the lesion (p = .0065) and age at initiation of treatment (p = .0041) were the most important factors affecting the response. In conclusion, the systemic corticosteroids are effective in 36% of patients, independent of dosage and pharmacological agents and duration of the therapy. The dimension of the lesion and age at initiation of treatment are the most important factors affecting the response to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: To outline and discuss the clinical features and outcomes of adnexal masses that were treated during cesarean delivery at a tertiary referral hospital located in Ankara, Turkey. Methods: The operating room and pathology department databases for 2007–2012 were retrospectively reviewed for surgically managed adnexal masses during cesarean delivery. Clinicopathologic characteristics and maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed. Results: Adnexal masses occurred in 151 women (0.3% of all cesarean deliveries). Most (54.9%) masses were incidentally discovered during cesarean delivery. The mean mass size was 5.3±3.7cm (range, 3–30cm). The majority (96.7%) of the women underwent excision of the mass and ovarian repair. Most masses were benign, with dermoid cysts constituting the most common diagnosis (23.8%). Rare tumors such as thecoma, hyperreactio luteinalis, hemangioma, and benign Brenner tumor were also encountered. Three (2.0%) women were postoperatively diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Preterm delivery and neonatal intensive care unit admission rates were 15.9% and 11.9%, respectively. There were no serious neonatal morbidities and no neonatal mortality. Conclusion: Adnexal masses encountered during cesarean delivery generally have a favorable prognosis in terms of maternal and fetal outcome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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A 49-year-old woman developed a dark brown nodular mass in the lower eyelid. The lesion had grown fast for 2 months and then had remained stable in size. Excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination of an excisional biopsy specimen pointed to proliferative vessels lined by increased endothelial cells without nuclear atypism. The nodular mass evaluated as a capillary hemangioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]