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This study aims to determine the needs, expectations, problems and experiences of international students in the process of distance education. To this end, phenomenology design was used, and university students representing different departments and countries were selected through a purposive sampling method. A total of 11 international students participated in the study. An interview form was used for data collection. According to the findings, it was found that the participants did not experience any problems during the registration and admission process and could get enough support from the institution during the orientation and services process. The most common problem in the academic process is the language used by the lecturer. Also, the students mostly preferred the department they studied in line with their choices. Thanks to the repetition of the courses in distance education, they could overcome the language and communication barriers they experienced during the face-to-face education process. It was also determined that the students' social relations with their peers and lecturers were positive, and they did not experience any adaptation problems. Finally, participants' statements on financial challenges focused on the difficulties in both finding scholarships and supporting themselves.

The study aimed to support the resolution of problems experienced due to preschool children not adjusting to school at the start of first schooling. Thus, problems leading to school rejection and many other probable issues will be prevented. The experimental study about orientation problems occurring in students newly starting preschool used a semi-experimental method with implementations to ensure school adjustment. The study included 53 students with ages between 60-72 months with frequent school absenteeism due to a variety of reasons. Parents of selected students were given information and the general lines of the Designed Adjustment Program (DAP) were explained. The study applied to the students who could not adapt to the school and have experienced school refusal included a preparation phase for a maximum of 1 week. Afterwards, it covers a minimum of 8 and a maximum of 12 days of application. Accordingly, all students in the experimental group to whom DAP implemented adjusted to school, while 66.7% of students in the placebo group and 61.5% of students in the control group were identified to adjust to school. In conclusion, it was identified that the parental training about duties falling to parents during school adjustment provided positive results, individual studies actively including parents, school and teachers were more effective, peer acceptance was important for adjustment to school, there was a need to use social skill acquirements, and girls were more successful at adjustment to school compared to boys.

Purpose: Study abroad has been exceedingly popular among students, recently. Turkish youth have become even more willing to study abroad and improve their English language skills. As lingua franca (ELF), English is the main Language for interaction, particularly in international education. The current study investigated the language learning perceptions of Turkish students having participated in the Erasmus Exchange Program before. Research Methods: The participants were 100 (58 females and 42 males) university students from different departments having been in the Erasmus Exchange Program in the last five years. The data were collected using two sets of questionnaires containing 41 items and an interview protocol. These aimed to elicit information about participants' views on their English language learning process back then and at the time of data collection and their study abroad experience. Besides, ethics committee approval was obtained for the research on July 3, 2020 (Bursa Uludag University Social and Human Sciences Research and Publication Ethics Committee, 2020-04). Findings: The findings indicated that this experience made a lasting impact on them. They have a positive outlook on their language learning experience. They seem to be eager to take part in intercultural communication. In addition, they said that they gained first-hand information on different cultures through the friends they made in Europe, which was an eye-opening experience. Also, students thought that they had improved themselves academically. The participants who are employed at the moment believe that they owe their current position to the qualifications gained abroad. Implications for Research and Practice: The study's findings indicated that the participants had developed positive thoughts during their one-semester stay in Europe. A longer study abroad experience might have affected their perceptions differently. They stated that they had not gone through an orientation programme before going to Europe. They all agreed that an awareness-raising orientation program would be a perfect start for any exchange students. For further research, it is advisable to organise a project whereby exchange students receive an orientation programme and are made aware of how to cope with cultural differences before travelling to Europe.

Due to the intensification of global migration movements, the importance of studies in the field of acculturation has been increasing. In order to develop a healthy adaptation process between the migrant community and the host society, it is especially necessary to conduct studies on the acculturation processes of young migrants. Exploring the acculturation orientation of migrant students in Turkey, one of the leading countries experiencing the migration movements intensively, this study collected data from a total of 110 migrant students, 69 females and 41 males. "Vancouver Index of Acculturation", "Revised Social Contact Scale", "Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support", "Turkish Proficiency Level Questionnaire" and "Personal Information Form" were employed as data collection tools. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The analyses results revealed that the level of perceived social support of migrant students from their families and the quality of social contact significantly predicted their heritage culture orientation and explained 18% of them. In addition, the quantity of migrant students' social contact and the quality of social contact significantly predicted their mainstream culture orientation and explained 25% of them. As a result, the present study put forth that in order to support the heritage culture orientation of migrant students, the perceived social support from the family should be improved, and the quantity and quality of social contact should be increased to reinforce their mainstream culture orientation and to facilitate the acculturation processes. [This study was presented at the International Eurasian Educational Research Congress (EJER) (7th, Eskisehir, Turkey, September 10-13, 2020).]

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between teacher candidates' individual values and leadership orientations. The participants of the study were a total of 452 teacher candidates studying in the pedagogical formation program of Karabük University in the 2016-2017 academic year. The Leadership Orientations Scale and Portrait Values Scale were employed to gather the research data. In data analysis, arithmetic mean, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Multilinear Regression Analysis were used. According to the results, the teacher candidates' preferences of values were universalism, security, conformity and benevolence, self-direction, stimulation, traditionalism, hedonism, achievement and power in order of importance, respectively. The highest level of leadership orientation that the teacher candidates had was in the human resources frame, which was followed by structural, symbolic and political frames. Positive and significant relationships were revealed between all dimensions of individual values and those of leadership orientations. The individual values of power and achievement were found to be predictors of structural, symbolic and political frames. Two of the remaining individual values, self-direction and benevolence, were found to be significant and common predictors of all frames of leadership orientations. The findings revealed from the present study were discussed with reference to the literature, and various inferences were made.

Like every child, children with visual impairments have the right to access education and become fully independent individuals. However, vision is one of the most essential senses to access information. Therefore, children with visual impairments face significant challenges in accessing information and participate into educational activities. This leads to a number of barriers for people with visual impairments in becoming fully independent individuals in everyday life . The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of how vision influence children with visual impairments, how they should be educated and what they should be educated about. This discussion leads on a further discussion if an additional curriculum, apart from the national curriculum, is needed for students with visual impairments in Turkey. Therefore, an overview of important developments in creating the Expanded Core Curriculum (ECC) in the USA is provided. Moreover, this paper will give an overview of each ECC area and discuss why the ECC is crucial in education and everyday life of people with visual impairments in Turkey.

Introduction: This study investigated the user requirements of individuals with visual impairments regarding the information to be included in orientation and mobility (O&M) aids in order for optimally useful audio-tactile maps of campuses to be developed. In addition, this study aimed at investigating the importance (usefulness) that individuals with visual impairments attribute to environmental information of campuses. Methods: The researchers listed 213 pieces of environmental information concerning campuses and address them in survey by conducting a respective questionnaire. Participants were asked to evaluate the information, regarding the importance or usefulness of the information in regard to safety, location of services, and orientation and wayfinding during movement. Through convenience sampling 115 adults (aged from 18 to 64 years) with visual impairments from four countries (Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, and Germany) took part in the research. Results: Pieces of environmental information, sorted in descending order starting with the most useful ones, have been listed. A repeated measures analysis of variance yielded a significant main effect for the type of information (safety, location of services, and wayfinding and orientation): F(2, 228) = 70.868, p < .001. Discussion: This study resulted in the specification of the most significant or useful information that should be included in O&M aids of campuses for individuals with visual impairments. Implications for practitioners: The results of this study will hold the interest of developers of O&M aids, O&M practitioners, rehabilitation teachers, and instructors who design and construct O&M aids. Moreover, the context for appropriately designed tactile or audio-tactile maps for campuses is provided, and campuses around the world could rely on this study for the creation of a valuable accessibility aid.

Problem Statement: The SOLO model places responses provided by students on a certain level instead of placing students there themselves. SOLO taxonomy, including five sub-levels, is used for determining observed structures of learning outcomes in various disciplines and grade levels. On the other hand, the spatial orientation skill is the ability to visualize an object's view from a different perspective. A number of studies on examining preservice teachers' spatial abilities have been performed. In this study, elementary mathematics preservice teachers' spatial orientation skills as components of spatial skills were evaluated through the SOLO model in ways that are different from other researches. Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial orientation skills of elementary mathematics preservice teachers by using the SOLO model. In addition, responses of students who were at specified levels (low-middle-high) according to the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test scores were also classified. Preservice teachers' responses between different dimensions were also examined according to SOLO taxonomy. Method: The present research was a qualitative study and a case study method was employed. The sample of the study included junior elementary mathematics preservice teachers from a state university. Firstly, the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test was carried out with eighty-one students and then clinical interviews were conducted with six students according to three levels which were specified by looking at the results of the test in this study. The students' answers were placed into a suitable SOLO level according to an evaluation scale by analyzing each of the eight questions used in the Geometrical Achievement Test prepared by the researchers. Findings: Elementary mathematics preservice teachers' responses in a geometrical achievement test relating to spatial orientation skills were generally on a multistructural level according to SOLO taxonomy. Whereas the responses of preservice teachers who were on the low and middle levels were mostly on a multistructural level, the responses of the students on the high level were on a relational level. In addition, the responses of preservice teachers from two-dimension to three-dimension were mostly on a relational level and the responses from three-dimension to two-dimension were mostly on a multistructural level. Conclusion and Recommendations: Results obtained indicated that preservice teachers were not generally successful at combining their information within a consistent structure in terms of spatial orientation skills. They could only evaluate situations which were independent from each other separately. Therefore, students had surface learning rather than deep learning. Obtained data can be evaluated with a different taxonomy and a comparison could be made between these two models in further studies.

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable scale for preferences of teachers in regard of their curriculum design orientations. Because there was no scale development study similar to this one in Turkey, it was considered as an urgent need to develop such a scale in the study. The sample of the research consisted of 300 elementary and high school teachers, working in Nigde province and its districts, selected according to cluster sampling method. In light of the scales obtained from the related literature and other information, a pool consisting of 35 items were formed by the researcher. Then, the first form of the scale was presented into the views of a group of field experts for content validity. In order to test the validity of the scale, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out in the research. A result of the exploratory factor analysis, the scale consisted of three factors: (i) subject-centred curriculum design orientation, (ii) student-centred learnercentred) curriculum design orientation, and (iii) problem-centred curriculum design orientation with 30 items. KMO value of the scale was found as 0.93 and Bartlett's test of sphericity was found as 3051.295/df = 435 in the study. Besides, the factor loadings of the scale were found to be ranged from 0.81 to 0.45 and item-total correlation values were found between 0.71 and 0.49. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient value was found as 0.94 and Spearman-Brown split-half correlation value was found as 0.91. It was seen that reliability coefficient values of the factors of in the scale ranged between 0.89 and 0.87 in the research. Also, it was understood that there were positive correlations amongst the factors of the scale. The confirmatory factor analysis was applied on the three-factor structure obtained from the scale's exploratory factor analysis on a group of 320 teachers, similar to the sample group of the study. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, it was understood that the obtained values [X2/df = 604.02/402; GFI = 0.83; AGFI = 0.80; RMSEA = 0.05; CFI = 0.90; NFI = 0.77; NNFI = 0.89; RMR = 0.077; SRMR = 0.056], confirmed the three-factor structure of the scale. Thus, according to the results obtained in the research, it could be said that the scale developed in this study is a valid and reliable scale to be used both by elementary and high school teachers.

Turkey launched what is known as the 12-Year Compulsory Education Act in the 2012-2013 Fall term. This initiative has received criticism from different stakeholders, specifically from educators, who are among the most affected. Criticism from teachers shows a discrepancy between what is being changed and what teachers believe should be changed. This study is an attempt to explore this discrepancy and analyse teachers' opinions about recent reform efforts, in addition to what they propose to change in the Turkish education system. This mixed-method study was carried out in the 2014-2015 academic year. Three hundred and fifty-three teachers took part in the quantitative phase, while qualitative data were collected from 13 teachers working in Gaziantep province. Data were collected through a survey and semi-structured interviews. Results of the study have shown that a great majority of teachers think that there must be some kind of change in the system, but the changes, they proposed, were not in line with the changes that were initiated within the context of 12-Year Compulsory Education Act. It was also discovered that when teachers do not see implementation of the changes they propose, they tend to find little value in implemented changes.

This study aimed to study the andragogical and pedagogical orientations of adults learning English as a foreign language. The Turkish version of the Educational Orientation Questionnaire (Christian, 1983) was used. Sixty adults at evening classes in Turkey were included in the study. The results of the study revealed that the subjects were more andragogically oriented. However, the wide range of scores suggested that they were not rigid in their orientations and tended to hold pedagogical tendency towards learning too. (Contains 1 table.)

The first aim of this study was to explore the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Theoretical Orientation Profile Scale-Revised, and the second aim was to understand the relative influence of personal and professional variables on the choice of a guiding theoretical orientation among Turkish counselor trainees. Results showed that in Turkey the preference for a particular theoretical orientation is associated strongly with professional variables, rather than personality.

The purpose of this case study was to investigate how pre-service chemistry teachers' science teaching orientations change during a two-semester intervention designed to enhance their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for teaching the nature of science (NOS). Moreover, the way that pre-service chemistry teachers translated their change in orientation into both their instructional planning and their PCK was examined. Thirty pre-service chemistry teachers enrolled in a Research in Science Education course participated in the study. Responses to an open-ended instrument, interviews, observations, and documents such as lesson plans and reflection papers were used as qualitative data sources. Through in-depth analysis of explicit PCK and further deductive analysis, we identified the influence of the intervention on participants' orientation and how participants translated their orientation into their planning and PCK. Analysis of data revealed that most of the pre-service teachers' naïve and transitional views about NOS changed into informed ideas after explicit-reflective NOS instruction. Participants revised their science teaching orientations by including more reform-based orientations at the end of the course (i.e., teaching NOS-related orientations). Their plans included at least one NOS aspect as an objective, which indicates that all of the participants designed their lesson plans with more informed views about at least one NOS aspect. In terms of aligning their reform-based orientations with other PCK components, pre-service chemistry teachers were more able to align their orientation with knowledge of instructional strategy and assessment than with knowledge of the learner. Implications for science teacher education and research are discussed.

Objective: Guiding nursing has been defined as a system that supports new nurses and transfers their professional knowledge and experience to novice nurses. The aim of this study was to determine the opinions of newly recruited nurses about working with nurse mentors during the orientation process. Material and Methods: The focus group interview, a qualitative method, was used in this study. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. In the focus group 50 nurses were interviewed. Qualitative data from the interviews were recorded. The data were analysed by two researchers. Three themes and 11 sub-themes emerged from the qualitative data analysis. Results: The nurses (n=50) stated that the guiding nurses practice "made it easier for me to adapt", "helped me learn faster", "helped me to overcome my anxiety", "increased my self-confidence, reduced stress", and "guided me in correct communication". Only a few nurses reported that they had communication problems with the nurse mentors. Conclusion: Guiding nurses accelerate the professional and clinical orientation of nurses by transferring their knowledge to new nurses and supporting them in routine and emergency practice. In addition, the support of guiding nurses increases nurses' self-confidence, reduces their anxiety and makes them feel safe in patient-related practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until recently, the orientation of maximum horizontal spectral response was generally believed to not have a predominant orientation at rupture distances greater than 5 km. However, a recent study found that the orientation of maximum spectral response for strike-slip earthquakes in the NGA-West2 database tends to occur close to the epicentral transverse orientation, that is, an orientation perpendicular to a line connecting the epicenter to the station. This article investigates directionality in the 6 February 2023 Türkiye doublet earthquakes (Mw 7.8 and 7.5) with strike-slip faulting. The orientation of the maximum response of 5%-damped linear elastic oscillators was studied. The spatial distribution of the level of polarization, which in this article refers to the amount of directionality, and intensities at specific orientations were also studied. The maximum spectral response was found to occur systematically close to the epicentral transverse orientation, consistent with previous observations for other strike-slip earthquakes. For the Mw 7.8 event where the location of maximum slip was relatively far from the epicenter, it was found that the orientation of maximum spectral response is, on average, closer to the maximum slip transverse orientation (i.e. perpendicular to a line connecting the station to the surface projection of the point of maximum slip) when compared to the epicentral transverse orientation over most period ranges. This suggests that the maximum slip transverse orientation may be a better estimator for determining the orientation of maximum spectral response in large-magnitude strike-slip earthquakes, although further study using more events is warranted. Polarized motions were observed over large geographical areas, and the orientation of maximum spectral response was found to be close to the epicentral or maximum slip transverse for Joyner–Boore distances up to the farthest studied (400 km). These findings further support the case for the development of orientation-dependent ground motion models for strike-slip earthquakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health & Nursing Management / Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Turkey and the World, energy demand is continuously increased. In addition to the rapid depletion of fossil fuel resources used to supply the energy needs, ambient temperatures is risen, glaciers are melt and natural disasters are occured in our planet. In addition, people, animals and plants are greatly damaged due to the adverse effects of soil, water and air pollution. Solar energy is renewable, clean and easily accessible energy. Our country is more advantageous in terms of solar energy potential in comparison to many other countries and benefitting from this potential is very important. With the increasing importance of renewable energy sources, photovoltaic (PV) panels, which are able to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy, are not polluting the environment and easy to implement, are become more common. The inclination angle and position of the photovoltaic panels are the parameters that directly affect the production of electrical energy. Electrical energy is extensively used in agricultural production activities, as in every field. Especially, in animal production systems, the cost of electrical energy is an important input due to the high mechanization and the use of automation. This study was carried out in the dairy cattle barn with a capacity of 50 head in Bursa province. It was aimed to determine the amount of electrical energy produced by photovoltaic (PV) panels, located on the barn roof in four different directions (North- South, East-West, Northeast-Southwest, Northwest-Southeast), and also to find out whether produced energy is sufficient or not to meet the energy requirement of the barn. The electrical energy produced by the panels to be placed on the roofs was determined by using PVSOL software. According to the results, the amount of electrical energy produced from the panels with North-South (N), East-West (E), Northeast-Southwest (NE) and Northwest- Southeast (NW) orientation was determined as 179.453,0 kWh, 159.655,0 kWh, 175.950,0 kWh and 138.245,0 kWh, respectively. The annual electrical energy requirement of the barn with 50 head capacity was calculated as 25.200,0 kWh. In this case, it was calculated that the energy produced from the N, E, NE and NW orientations met the requirements of the barn by 5 to 7 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Restless Legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sleep disorder in clinical practice. In the prevalence studies conducted in different populations for RLS, different results ranging from 5% to 15% were obtained. This ratio ranges from 3.19% to 22.2% in Turkey. RLS, known to have adverse effects on sleep quality, can also affect mood, attention and cognitive functions. In our study, we aimed to investigate the possible effect of RLS on cognitive functions. Materials and Methods: In this study, patients diagnosed with RLS in the neurology outpatient clinic of our hospital were evaluated. Patients with possible mild cognitive impairment were excluded from the study by using the Standardized Mini Mental Test. After exclusion of secondary causes for RLS, 45 patients with idiopathic RLS and 20 healthy individuals were included in the study. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), International RLS Severity Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale were administered to all subjects. Results: In the RLS group; there was a statistically significant decrease in the MoCA components which demonstrate particularly orientation, abstract thinking and memory functions and in the MoCA total scores, compared to the control group (p=0.032, p=0.012, p=0.024, p=0.019, respectively). At the same time, there was a significant difference in the PSQI, ESS, ISI, BDI, and BAI values in the RLS cases. Conclusion: This study shows that the idiopathic RLS which correlated with disease duration may lead to insufficiency over functions in cognitive domains especially orientation, abstract thinking, and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solution dolines are characteristic landforms on the high plateaus of the Taurus Mountains. In this study, the effects of tectonic structures, drainage and slope conditions on the distribution and morphometric properties of dolines in the western part of the Central Taurus are explained. To delimit the dolines, 1/25000 scale topographic maps were used. The uppermost closed contour lines were digitized as polygons and the elevation, long and short axes, elongation ratios, orientation angles of the polygons were calculated. The doline density is compared with drainage density and mean slope values. A total of 111 rose diagrams were created in order to illustrate the superficial distribution of orientation. As a result, a total of 10,652 dolines were detected in a 711 km 2 doline area and maximum density reaches 123 dolines/km 2 . However, according to the doline density, two distinct regions were detected, high density (R1) and low density (R2). Correlations between drainage density, slope angle and doline density are negative in the two regions. According to negative correlations, the drainage density is not a determinant factor in R1, while it is a determinant factor in R2. A 30° slope angle (in km 2 ) limits doline distribution on the plateau surface. The orientation of all doline long axes is NW-SE, which is parallel to the general orographic extent of Mount Anamas. However, different orientations were detected and these orientations were showed in farther sub-regions according to the 111 gridded rose diagrams. The overall result of this study is that the fault and joint systems that developed on the thick-bedded limestone between thrust faults affected the doline density, while lateral strike-slip, normal faults and joint systems in front of the thrust belt were more effective on the geometric shapes of dolines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of guidance and orientation module from the perspective of secondary school 9th grade students. "Effectiveness of the Guidance and Orientation Module Questionnaire" was used as a data gathering instrument. Altogether, 7353 students at grade 10 were involved in the study. The results suggest "guidance and orientation module" offers limited help to the students in realizing their own potential and getting familiar with their academic fields. Besides the results suggest significant differences between students on the basis of gender, school type and the branch of the teachers who taught the module. In general, taking into account the some difficulties faced during the implementation process; in the long run, it is possible to say that the Strengthening Vocational Education and Training (SVET) project and the guidance and orientation module will have positive effect on strengthening the Vocational Education System in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of nurses regarding the orientation training. Materials and methods: This research is a descriptive type of study. Since it is planned that all the nurses (N=250) in Baskent University Ankara Hospital will be in the scope of the research, sampling was not performed. The number of nurses who are reached and agreed to join the research is 203. Hence, 80% of them are reached. The researchers prepared a questionnaire containing 30 questions after examining the literature. The questionnaire was carried out between April 15 and May 15 2008 to participants. Results: The mean age is 23±5.29 years and 97% of the nurses are female, 50.2% of them are male from Health College. Of all, 55.2% of them have worked less than 3 years. A total of 91.1% of the nurses stated that orientation training must be carried out and 80.3% of them who attended to orientation training think that the training is adequate. Conclusion: The nurses stated that the materials were adequate and organized while evaluating the orientation training which they attended, moreover they emphasized that the training should be given periodically rather than by classical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely accepted that learning becomes more enduring and deeper if geometric concepts are presented in various orientations and dimensions in textbooks. The purpose of this study was to examine how geometric concepts are presented in the Turkish elementary mathematics curriculum and the textbooks in terms of sizes and orientations. For this purpose, the elementary school mathematics curriculum and two sets of textbook series were examined. Results showed that the presentation of the geometric shapes and concepts in both curriculum and textbooks was not systematically handled. It seems that a more systematic approach could be applied in designing the activities for geometry learning. Implications for mathematics education, curriculum design, and textbook writing were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, moving from the results of a survey, the orientation of industrialists and businessmen in Diyarbakir towards the European Union has been attempted to analyse. These analysis are related to the respondents' both the level of knowledge about the EU and attitudes towards the EU. Considering the results of the survey, both the general and specific levels of knowledge are rather low. The high level of support that respondents showed for the EU membership arises from the impact of first economic expectations and then the expectations pertinent to democracy and rights and freedoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Educational Sciences & Practices is the property of Association for Educational Sciences & Practice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is widely accepted that the learning becomes more enduring and deeper if geometric figures are presented in various orientations and dimensions in textbooks. The purpose of this study was to examine how the geometric concepts are presented in the indicators of the Turkish elementary mathematics curriculum (curriculum guidelines, textbooks and workbooks) in terms of different orientations and sizes. For this purpose, the elementary school mathematics curriculum and two sets of textbook series were examined. Results showed that the presentation of the geometric concepts in the indicators of curriculum (curriculum guidelines, textbooks and workbooks) were not systematically handled. Implications for mathematics education were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined memory variables both cross-culturally and across four cultural self-construal types. US (N=240) and Turkish (N=174) college students described their earliest childhood memory, and another significant childhood memory, and completed the Balanced Integration-Differentiation (BID) Scale (Imamoglu, 1998; 2003), which measured relatedness and individuation, and allowed for the classification of students into four different self-construal types (Related-Individuated, Separated-Individuated, Related-Patterning, Separated-Patterning). At the cultural level US students' earliest memories were dated approximately 6 months earlier, had greater volume, and were more positive. US students also reported memories as more important. Turkish students' memories had more detail, a higher proportion of propositions, self-, other- and we-related words, and higher other-self ratios, and they were clearer than those of US students. Turkish students also reported greater ease in describing their earliest memory in words. At the level of self-construal the primary differences were between students high in both relatedness and individuation and those low in both. The culture by BID interaction was significant in only 1 of the more than 24 analyses.

The purpose of this study was to compare the coincidence-anticipation timing and reaction times (RT) of 10- to 14-year-old tennis and table tennis players and examine possible sex differences. 107 (51.4%) tennis and 101 (48.6%) table tennis players participated in this study. Players were compared on coincidence-anticipation timing and reaction time. Tennis players performed with less error in the coincidence-anticipation timing task than table tennis players, whereas table tennis players had lower mean reaction time than tennis players. It was also found that male players made fewer errors in the coincidence-anticipation timing task than their female counterparts.

Using 180 degrees field-of-view (full-sky) imaging polarimetry, we measured the spatiotemporal change of the polarization of skylight during the total solar eclipse on 29 March 2006 in Turkey. We present our observations here on the temporal variation of the celestial patterns of the degree p and angle alpha of linear polarization of the eclipsed sky measured in the red (650 nm), green (550 nm), and blue (450 nm) parts of the spectrum. We also report on the temporal and spectral change of the positions of neutral (unpolarized, p = 0) points, and points with local minima or maxima of p of the eclipsed sky. Our results are compared with the observations performed by the same polarimetric technique during the total solar eclipse on 11 August 1999 in Hungary. Practically the same characteristics of celestial polarization were encountered during both eclipses. This shows that the observed polarization phenomena of the eclipsed sky may be general.

Objectives: To assess the attitude of elderly lay people towards the concept and symptoms of dementia., Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study of 859 residents without dementia, aged 70 years or older, living in an urban area in Istanbul. Nine questions with yes/no responses were designed to investigate the attitudes of the responders to the concept of dementia and symptoms related to particular aspects of dementia. The chi(2)-test was used to test for differences between proportions of respondents in different age, sex and education groups., Results: Dementia was considered as normal by the majority of respondents and age and education did not influence this attitude. Women were significantly less inclined to consider dementia and its associated problems as normal., Conclusion: The concept of dementia is generally not considered as a medical problem by the elderly Turkish population, independent of age and education. These results are important in guiding policy makers and shaping awareness raising campaigns of local Alzheimer's Associations.

Sex difference in mental rotation ability was reconsidered. The Vandenberg-Kuse figures were administered to 120 male and 76 female students from the Medical School of BlackSea Technical University in Trabzon, Turkey to assess the mental rotation ability. Students' height and weight were measured. As expected, men outperformed women on this test and had greater height and weight. Number correct on mental rotation test significantly correlated with height and weight for the total sample and for men, but only with weight for women. Using weight as covariate, the sex difference was no longer significant. The mean mental rotation score was significantly higher for heavy women than for light men. There was a positive correlation between weight and mental rotation test scores for heavy women, but height and weight were negatively correlated with mental rotation test scores for light men. These results suggest that there is no sex difference in mental rotation ability as measured.