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ABSTRACT Undescended testis (UDT) is a very frequent clinical finding in boys. Despite its relatively high frequency, a uniform classification suitable for clinical setting is not available for the disorder. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anatomical localizations of non-palpable testes and some potential aetiologic factors. We analysed the data for 133 patients with UDT. Physical examination and surgical outcomes of the patients were compared in terms of testicular localizations. Birth weight of the patients, gestational ages, presence of additional congenital anomalies, whether they were breastfed in infancy, age of the first diagnosis, maternal age during pregnancy, history of maternal diabetes and presence of Rh incompatibility. Using the described classification, the 101 right and 85 left impalpable testes were classified as follows: 15·8% Type I, 34·6% Type II, 17·3% Type III, 8·3% Type IV, 24·1% normal testes on the right side when manually examined. Left impalpable testes were classified as follows when manually examined as follows: 13·5% Type I, 26·3% Type II, 9·0% Type III, 15·0% Type IV and 36·1% normal testes. When we compared these results with surgical results, we found a statistically significant difference. Being familiar with anatomic localizations of undescended testes is of (vital) importance in terms of surgical approach and for possible postoperative complications. Although manual examination is an indispensable part of diagnosis, it may be insufficient to determine its localization, and thus further tests may be required. Further studies are required to investigate the aetiologic factors for UDT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Knowledge of variation in facial soft tissue thickness is important for forensic anthropologists, dentists, and plastic surgeons. Forensic anthropologists use such information as a guide in facial reconstruction and superimposition methods. The purpose of this study was to measure facial tissue thicknesses of adult males and females of Turkish origin across different types of occlusion, and to compare the results with each other and with values obtained for other populations. The study was conducted on 200 healthy individuals. The analysis of facial tissue thickness included 20 landmarks (10 dentoskeletal and 10 soft tissue) and 10 linear variables. Sex-based variation in facial tissue thickness was noted. The highest soft tissue thickness values were observed in the group with Class III occlusion type at Sn-A point for both the females (16.9, SD=2.4) and the males (17.8, SD=3.3). In the Class I group, the highest tissue depth was observed at Sn-A point (15.3, SD=2.1) in females, and at Li-Id point (17.1, SD=1.9) in males. In the Class II group, contrary to the findings for Class I, the highest soft tissue depth was at Li-Id point (16.0, SD=1.4) in females, and at Sn-A point (18.1, SD=2.6) in males. In conclusion, facial tissue thickness varied in adults depending on the sex and on the type of occlusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Dissection of human anatomic specimens still keeps its importance in medical curriculum. Experiences of medical students in the anatomy laboratory and the time they spent there makes them feel as doctors at the beginning of their education and helps them to get used to the notion of death. Unfortunately, the number of human body donors available for medical research and education as well as organ transplantation is limited. Obtaining human anatomic specimens continues being a great problem especially in middle-east countries. Religious factors, socioeconomic status, education, marital status or age are probably the main factors those effect body donations. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the attitudes of Turkish university employees and their relatives towards whole body donation and organ donation., Methods: A total of 780 questionnaires taken from the participants were evaluated. All the participants were academic and administrative staff from four different universities based in Ankara, Eskişehir, İstanbul and Adana and their relatives. Participants were between the ages of 18-85. All the subjects were provided a questionnaire composed of 38 questions., Findings: 26.2% of the individuals declared that they could donate their body for medical education while 73.8% of them did not. In contrast, 69.1% of the participants were willing for being organ donors. Of the ones who had accepted to donate their organs, 64.5% refused to donate their bodies., Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that not only whole body donation, but also organ donation continue being a problem in Turkey., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

As there are cases brought for forensic examination where only the craniofacial region is available, estimation of stature from craniofacial dimensions is without doubt important in forensic cases. The study presented here attempts to estimate stature from craniofacial dimensions in the Turkish population. In the second phase of the study, the correlations between craniofacial dimensions and stature were also evaluated according to different head and face types. All measurements were taken from 286 healthy males with a mean age of 22.71 ± 4.86 years. The sample was then reclassified according to different head and face indexes. For the whole sample, correlation coefficients were low, changing only between 0.012 and 0.229. Thus, no significant increase in correlation coefficients was observed after the samples had been reevaluated according to different head and face types. As a conclusion, craniofacial dimensions are not good predictors for body height for the Turkish population., (© 2010 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.)

Comparative reports on the anthropometric characteristics of athletes are certainly important in modern sports and have long been studied by sports scientists. Studies on Turkish athletes however, are limited. In the present study physical characteristics of athletes active in various sports (American football, basketball, volleyball and football) were observed and compared to each other and to those of non-athlete individuals. 153 volunteer male subjects participated in the study. All of the athletes were licensed members of teams in inter-university leagues. All subjects were given information about the objectives of the study and were advised of the manner with which the anthropometric measurements would be obtained. In addition to 17 anthropometric values, body mass index (BMI) and somatotype components were calculated and evaluated. Length, breadth, and girth values were evaluated by ANCOVA and height and weight were used as co-variate factors. The other variables were evaluated by metric and non-metric ANOVA. The results of the study indicate that basketball and volleyball players were characteristic with their longer lower limb length; American football players were with their wider biiliac breadth and higher girth values; and football players with their small structure. It was also observed that Turkish athletes have higher endomorphy and lower mesomorphy values when compared to athletes from other countries.