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The article discusses the research methodology of the basics of information security. A special place is given to the selection of methodological research tools. This selection was made on the basis of the exclusive importance of the field of information provision in interaction with other directions of state building and national security. At the same time, we note that the raised issue has an interdisciplinary nature due to its inherent legal and structural nature: legal, economic (technological), and moral and psychological components. Under such conditions, the philosophical-dialectical method is extremely important in view of its epistemological nature, which will contribute to the derivation of the author’s conclusions and judgments, which will be characterized by consistency and continuity. The conducted analysis made it possible to reveal that the current summary in terms of understanding the role and significance of the methodological component for the results of our research is the following: from the point of view of the methodology of legal science, the paradigm of information security has a complex structure, which is formed by the elements: law enforcement methodology, the legislation of Ukraine, the systematics of legal norms, explanations of the legal norm, the procedure for implementing the provisions of the law, the legal policy of the state in the field of information security, media culture and media ethics in the application of legislation that regulates the issue of complete access of citizens to sources of information, tactical and strategic directions of activities of entities ensuring security in the use of information, the effectiveness of the application of legislation, law-enforcement examination of departmental regulations regulating relations in the field of information security. Attention is drawn to the fact that any of the listed structural elements of a complete complex of information security can serve as the object of a separate scientific study. The above studies revealed that the selected methodological tools for solving the task of our scientific intelligence will contribute to the professional research of the in-depth component processes of the implementation of measures in the areas of protection of the information space of Ukraine. The application of methodological techniques will allow us to more fully and comprehensively reveal the role of the information security institute in the development of our ideas about the system of measures to ensure the information hygiene of the Ukrainian media, public-legal and private-legal intellectual space, to identify new aspects in its structure and elemental composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the post-industrial society requires the acceleration of the integration of the national economy into the globalized economic space. This stage is characterized by active informatization of all spheres of life in society, which requires information security and cyber protection for high-quality information provision of the country's population, intellectualization of economic processes and prevention of destructive informational influence on the social status of the individual. It is also necessary to consider that for Ukraine the specified stage is complicated by the hybrid war with Russia, which requires strengthening the protection of information from cyber-attacks and the formation of new approaches in preserving the quality of information on social networks. Therefore, the purpose of this article is the development of scientific and methodological approaches in information security management, strengthening its social significance. This requires solving a certain range of tasks of identifying and preventing socially dangerous information based on the use of economic and mathematical methods and models. The article highlights the main directions of socialization of modern technological development and theoretically substantiates its significant impact on human consciousness and behavior, puts a person in front of serious challenges and, under conditions of hybrid warfare, requires strengthening of information security in social networks. In the work, the components of information security are supplemented, its impact on social aspects of society's life is highlighted. As a result of the research, the authors proposed a scientific and methodical approach to the construction of a system for countering the spread of socially dangerous information in social networks. Besides, its functional elements are highlighted. A method of combating the spread of harmful information in social networks has been developed, which solves the problem of information support of the decision-making process and includes providing the chosen and alternative options to the person making the decision, with the justification of the choice. This creates prerequisites for information support for making a well-founded management decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The relevance of the study is underscored in response to the need for innovative tools to counter hybrid threats in the field of information security. Methodology: The study's methodological approach is described, highlighting the application of methods such as analysis, systematization, and comparison. The use of these methods is emphasized in conducting a comprehensive comparative analysis of information security strategies in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and the European Union. Results: It is emphasized that the study's results provide a detailed insight into the current state of information security in the analyzed countries. It is specifically mentioned that recommendations for the development of information security communication strategies are a tangible outcome of the research. Conclusions: The conclusion highlights the importance of developing or enhancing information security communication strategies in the countries under study. It is suggested that these strategies can serve as an effective countermeasure against hybrid warfare and enemy attacks, thereby strengthening cybersecurity and responsiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To investigate the peculiarities of organizational and legal provision of information security (IS) in the conditions of martial law (ML). To propose changes to legislative provisions to improve legal regulation in this area. To develop systematic measures to balance the rights and obligations of individuals and legal entities in the field of IS in the conditions of ML. Methodology. The general scientific and special legal methods of cognition are used: hermeneutic method allowed us to substantiate expansion of IS field; content analysis – to determine organizational principles of IS of enterprises in conditions of ML; structural and legal – to propose indicator conditions for legal norms; special-legal – to propose system of local regulatory acts for the legal provision of IS; comparative legal – to propose special legal regime for IS of enterprises. Findings. It is indicated that during the state of war, the IS field of enterprise expands significantly and becomes an element of the national security system. The peculiarities of organizational and legal support and the basic organizational principles of IS of enterprises in the conditions of ML are determined. It is proposed to introduce a special legal regime for implementation of IS of enterprises in conditions of ML and use of the state’s capabilities in this area under specified legal regime. Amendments to the articles of Special Part of Code of Ukraine on administrative offenses are proposed for effective regulatory support of the special legal regime for implementation of IS of enterprises Originality. A legal tool is proposed to limit dissemination of information about a company’s activities – the introduction of local law documents to classify information about the company’s activities during ML into category “with limited access”. Indicator conditions and additions to legislative norms are proposed. Practical value. The developed proposals, indicator conditions and additions to legislative norms will contribute to strengthening the IS of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports a study aimed at determining the features of using information protection systems at financial institutions in order to improve the level of financial security. It has been proven that under the conditions of digitization of the business environment, information provision is the basis of financial security at both the macro and micro levels. Information has become a strategic resource that needs protection due to the spread of cybercrime. The level of efficiency of information provision and the level of financial security of Ukraine was determined, and the relationship between them was confirmed. Attention is focused on the need to improve these indicators. It has been proven that an effective information protection system enables economic entities to resist dangers and threats. It was substantiated that the intensification of the processes of digitalization of economic activity had created prerequisites for the growth of risks and threats to the integral, uninterrupted, protected circulation of information resources of financial institutions, which leads to huge financial losses. This requires improvement of existing information protection systems. A topology of information protection systems has been presented. An algorithm for building effective information protection systems of financial institutions was proposed, which includes system vulnerability assessment, system assessment for compliance with security standards, penetration testing, and application assessment. Its application would allow financial market entities to promptly respond to real and potential threats, increase the level of information security, and ensure financial stability. The results of the study could also be used by state and local authorities to devise the principles of financial security management at the macro level under the conditions of the digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the conditions of growing challenges in cyberspace, the information environment protection system is a preventive mechanism for protecting national interests from risks and threats. The relevance of this issue is also due to the military aggression of the Russian Federation, which also poses a threat to the information space as the basis of the country’s national security. The purpose of the present study was to express the current level of cyber protection of Ukraine and to form approaches for its improvement. The article used the group-graphic method of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization and abstraction. As a result, the countries were ranked by the number of cyberattacks. It was possible to identify promising directions for increasing the level of cyber security, one of which is the improvement of information protection systems in cyberspace against intrusions and unauthorized access. Thus, the article developed a technique for improving the intrusion detection process, based on a system of residual classes based on non-positional code structures. It is advisable to use the obtained results during the formation of the mechanism of optimal data reservation in the economic sphere of Ukraine using a non-positional system of calculation in residual classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a study of the development of Ukraine's information policy within the dichotomy of two concepts of information (or cyber) security - those of Russia and the West. Ukraine may have chosen a policy of integration into Western security structures; however, for decades, it has been firmly connected to the traditions and approaches inherent in the Russian concept of information security. This phenomenon has been observed in the positions taken by researchers and lawmakers in the country and causes some ambiguity. Here, we present an assessment of the contradictory characteristics of Ukraine's information security policy and compare its Russian influence with its orientation to the West. We conclude that Ukraine is still balancing between these two spheres. Exposure to Russia's concept remains in academic circles, but the legal and normative sphere tends to follow the Western approach; and gradually, Ukraine's subjectivity in information security issues is developing at the international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the notion of fake information as a tool of psychological influence in the context of hybrid wars. Works of the prominent academicians in the area of manipulation studies constitute the theoretical framework of this research. Empirical research methods such as observation, comparison, generalization and expert evaluation are used. First of all, types and methods of psychological influences used by mass media and social networks with a view to manipulate public opinions are distinguished. Moreover, the impact of emotions on the critical perception of the news is highlighted. The indicators of manipulative influence are defined in order to resist them. Besides, the ways of creating and distributing false information are described. In addition, the development of fakes identification mechanisms is considered a priority for the governmental and other public institutions. This is illustrated by a range of technologies developed to automatically detect fake news. Apart from that, the degrees of the information reliability are explored. Furthermore, structural elements of fake messages, which include the source and the message itself, are discussed. Misinformation of the public, promotion of certain opinions, encouragement of aggressive actions and instalment of doubts are singled out as the main tasks of fake information. Additionally, stages of countering fakes are distinguished. Finally, the specific features of the forensic expertise procedure are determined in order to provide information security in Ukraine. The research demonstrates the importance of an efficient security system, which would identify fake information and limit its propagation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has a significant impact on the sovereignty of the state and its national security. In its turn, national security determines the measures and requirements that apply to the informatization of society and information security. The relationsh ip between national security and digitalization means that one cannot talk about national security without taking into account the degree of digitalization of the country. The problems of digitalization of Ukraine has been researched by many authors. However, it takes on special significance now that national security is becoming especially important for the country. The purpose of the study is to estimate the state of digital development of Ukraine and the cyber threats that the country has experienced and formulate basic recommendations for the further digital development of Ukraine. The author examines the issue of digitalization from the point of view of strengthening Ukraine's position on the world stage, and those dangerous moments of digitalization that may appear in the case of military aggression. The author analyzes various indicators of digitalization as well as the state's contribution to the development of information and communication technologies. In particular, Ukraine improved its position according to the generalized indicator of the level of development of information and communication technologies NRI from 71st place in 2015 to 50th place in 2022. Calculations showed that in recent years the state did not allocate enough budget funds to the field of information and communication technologies. A different situation is observed for the private sector in 2019-2021 - the share of capital investments from internal sources of enterprises and organizations in the "Information and Telecommunications" section exceeds the average level of capital investments disbursed from such sources in the whole economy. The downside of digitalization is the increase in cyber attacks with the spread of information and communication technologies. The work examines those examples of cyber attacks that Ukraine has experienced since the beginning of Russian aggression. In the context of hostilities, Ukraine needs to increase the level of cyber protection, because the country is no t among the top ten countries in the world with the highest GCI score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to define and justify the conceptual foundations of the implementation of the state policy on ensuring the information security of critical infrastructure objects, as a component of guaranteeing the national security of Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study was a set of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical-phenomenological, systemic analysis and synthesis, structural-functional, deduction and induction, etc. According to the results of the research: the author's definition of the concepts «information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine» and «threats to information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine» was formulated; the elements of the system of threats to the information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are identified; the factors leading to the emergence of threats to critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are singled out and groups of basic measures aimed at countering traditional and new threats to the information security of critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine are formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the analysis of NATO’s communication strategies in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The dynamics and main objects of the communication policy of the Alliance are analyzed. Effective mechanisms for ensuring regional and international security within the framework of collective security and combining the efforts of allies have been determined. Ways of reaction of NATO member states to new challenges for the international security system have been studied: hybrid threats, cyber terrorism, disinformation, destructive informational influences. The key priorities of cooperation between Ukraine and NATO for countering aggression from the Russian Federation and restoring the territorial integrity of Ukraine are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the information and analytical support for the State defense order in Ukraine. Research results. Theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the concepts of information and analytical activity and information and analytical support are considered, their role and purpose are revealed. Practical meaning. The author's definition of the term «information and analytical support of the state defense order in Ukraine» is proposed as a complex of organizational and legal systematic measures aimed at the collection, processing, analysis and generalization of information materials in order to ensure effective planning, coordination, monitoring and control of the execution of State defense orders, which includes the use of modern information technologies, analytical methods and expert assessments, promoting effective management within the defense sector of the state. Value/originality. It is proven that the role of the investigated institution is to protect territorial integrity and sovereignty, ensure informed decision-making, planning and coordination, monitoring and control, development of internal and external potentials, ensuring information security, development of the information base, ensuring effective communication, supporting scientific research, innovation and technological development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of environmental protection and responsibility for environmental legislation violations is extremely important under conditions of war in Ukraine and the increased risk of committing environmental crimes on its territory. The purpose was to clarify the main aspects of the legal regulation of environmental relations in Ukraine and in European countries. The main result was the identification of signs of responsibility of individuals and legal entities in the framework of environmental relations, the analysis of the main regulatory legal acts regulating these social relations, the clarification of the distinctive and similar features of responsibility for violations of environmental legislation in Ukraine and in European countries, in particular in France, Denmark and Germany. A number of environmental initiatives aimed at improving the environmental conditions and the regulatory provision within the limits of social relations, etc., have been distinguished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the genesis of the concept of information security. Historical interpretations of this concept are analyzed, different interpretations of this concept by domestic scientists are given. The relevance of information security, in particular, during a full-scale war with the Russian Federation was emphasized. The purpose of the study is the analysis of theoretical developments regarding the evolution of the concept of information security through the clarification of its essence as the main and integral direction of national security. It is emphasized that when considering the normative definition of information security, it should be noted that the current legislation of Ukraine does not contain an appropriate detailed interpretation of this concept, but normative acts concerning information security issues naturally consider it in the context of a more general concept of national security. Information security is not only an independent component of national security, but also an integral part of political, economic, defense and other components of national security, since all types of relations between subjects of the information society are based on the consumption and exchange of information. It has been proven that the information security of Ukraine should be considered as a state in which selfpreservation, stable and progressive development of the information sphere is ensured in the presence of real and potential threats, in particular the security of information infrastructure, information space, information resources, information processes and their subjects, and as well as the achievement of relevant national goals and realization of national interests in the information sphere. It is proposed to consider information security as a permanent process of activities of competent authorities, aimed at prevention, countering threats in the information sphere, the use of active measures of information influence, as well as a set of conditions of such activity, which are implemented and can be controlled for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of Russian aggression against Ukraine, some fundamental theses regarding the nature of hybrid military operations will require clarification and even revision. First of all, this refers to the widespread perception of the asymmetric nature of hybrid threats as those used by a weaker adversary against a party with significantly greater military, technological and human potential, mainly by non-state actors against national states. This, in turn, requires the use of modern and proven mathematical apparatus, which is capable of processing a large array of various types of data in a short period of time with a given reliability of making management decisions. The object of research is the system of strategic management of national security. The subject of the research is the synthesis methodology of the intellectual system of strategic management of national security. The research developed a methodology for the synthesis of an intelligent national security management system. The novelty of the research: taking into account efficiency while choosing one or another method while researching the state of the national security system; calculation of reliability while choosing one or another method in researching the state of the national security system. Also, an element of novelty is taking into account the efficiency of the decisions made regarding the research of the state of the national security system while using one or another research method; adaptation to new challenges and threats to national security. The next element of novelty is the validity of management decisions in the management of the national security system; taking into account different data sources, which are different in origin and measurement units; analysis of large data sets. It is expedient to implement the specified methodology in algorithmic and program software while studying the state of the national security system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article forms an integrated system of economic security at the national level. It is noted that new threats to Ukraine’s national security today are caused by hostilities on its own territory and certain problems in the country’s economy. In this regard, a sharp lag in technical-technological, organizational, managerial, marketing, and human resources potentials in almost all sectors of the national economy is observed, which significantly affects the level of economic security at the national level. It is specified that when forming an integrated system of economic security at the national level, it is necessary to take into account certain objective circumstances, neglect of which may lead to a loss of control over national interests. It is defined that in today’s conditions, the economic security of a country is the foundation for the functioning of all elements related to this system: political, social, military, environmental, technological, information security, etc. Thus, it can be confidently stated that it occupies a central place in the national security system, since its provision guarantees the vital activity of virtually all spheres of society and contributes to the socioeconomic development of the State. A structure of the economic security of the State is proposed. After analyzing the proposed integrated system of economic security at the national level, the authors note the close interrelation of all types of threats and their impact on the realization of the national interests of the State. It is concluded that the formation of an integrated system of economic security at the national level, which combines the identification of threats to national security and the level of economic security of the country, can ensure the sustainability of all sectors of the economy, long-term economic growth and high quality of life of the country’s population. When building an integrated system of economic security at the national level, the authors identify the main types of threats: of national level, internal economic relations, of territorial level, and threats to public relations, the presence and relevance of which prove the need for an integrated approach to solving the problems of economic security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information independence of the State requires the introduction of the latest technologies for analyzing, storing, processing, and transmitting information. The focus of this work is improving information security systems with limited access, in particular the development of new methods of designing such systems, which are characterized by minimal influence of the subject-designer on the design process. The object of the study is the methodology and means of designing systems for restricting and controlling physical access, as well as access to information at objects of information activity and information and telecommunication systems of Ukraine. To exclude the influence of the subject of the designer, it is necessary to improve the design process itself. In this paper, the possibility of creating an automatic design system based on the representation of protection objects in the form of objects of a common structure has been mathematically proved. Such a structure combines both telecommunication objects and objects of information activity. Changes in the legislative, regulatory, and technical bases of information protection necessary for the implementation of the proposed system have been determined, in particular, granting the State Communications Committee of Ukraine new powers that ensure the balance of interests of the customer of protection systems and executors. The possibility of formalizing the representation of data on arbitrary objects of protection is shown. This representation makes it possible to create open library semantic databases with incomplete data on the object of protection. A theoretical base has been built that makes it possible to determine the correspondence between the set of threats to the information security of the object and the unambiguous corresponding list of countermeasures. At the same time, information protection projects are distinguished by evolution and uniformity of choice of a set of means of protection to any threats to objects of arbitrary complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information security of Ukraine and Poland with the beginning of the Russian Federation's armed aggression against Ukraine is sensitive to various forms of information threats. Information attacks by the aggressor country accompany the challenges of the full-scale war that exploded within Eastern Europe. Active military actions on the territory of Ukraine, the migrant crisis on the border with Poland --all this tests both countries' information environment for resilience. Journalists play an essential role in the process of information defense. In the study, we compare legal acts and governmental regulations of Ukraine and Poland in the field of information security in order to identify the current state of information security environment in both countries. In our work, we analyze the concept of "information security" in scientific studies of Ukrainian and Polish researchers, as well as in normative legal acts. Journalists and editors of leading Ukrainian and Polish media outlets were questioned about their attitudes toward existing information security doctrines and strategies. It was found that journalists of both countries (n = 46, α(ua)=0.75; α(pl)=0.78) find the tools of protection against information threats insufficient, consider the participation of journalists in the formation of information policy significant, and also consider as risky the possibility to adopt documents that would describe the social responsibility of journalists in conditions of information aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The war in Ukraine is a theatre of struggle not only for the parties militarily engaged in the conflict, but for wider spheres. Despite its regional character, the war also has a multidimensional impact on a number of other states in the world, polarising the attitudes of their societies into three main groups: those supporting Ukraine, those expressing understanding of Moscow's actions, and a set of so-called 'non-aligned' states. This article describes how strategic communications by different actors have, through historical, political, economic, technological, social and cultural levers the potential to win the support of governments and societies in Africa. The Russian--Ukrainian conflict, unlike many other armed confrontations in Africa had, from an information security perspective, become a global conflict long before open kinetic action began. The multilateral involvement of the leaders of both the United States and the European Union, first through attempts to resolve the dispute amicably and then in military, economic and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine, is unprecedented. This in itself can be perceived as a bitter pill to swallow for African countries beset by political, religious and climatic turmoil, which, despite their longer history of hardships, have not received equivalent, or even due attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Strategy of National Security of the Russian Federation" defines Russia's national interests and strategic priorities. It emphasizes the cooperation between state authorities and civil society in ensuring national security. The strategy includes priorities such as preserving the people, national defense, public safety, citizens' quality of life, information security, and scientific-technological development. It also emphasizes the importance of the Russian value system and strengthening defense capabilities, information security, economic independence, and the protection of traditional values. Russia has conducted a "special military operation" in Ukraine to ensure the security of Donbass and change the country's political course. [Extracted from the article]

The article is devoted to approaches to ensuring the adequacy of the resource provision of cyber protection activities of state authorities and critical infrastructure objects to the objective requirements of achieving the normative (defined by the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine and UL "On the basics of cyber security in Ukraine) level of effectiveness and performance of the national cyber defense system. The article uses a factor analysis of organizational and resource factors of the potentially achievable and actually implemented level of cyber protection of state authorities and critical infrastructure objects. Factors are structured into two groups: systemic and personalized. The first express the degree of compliance of the rules and the norms of resource provision for cyber protection activities of state authorities and critical infrastructure objects provided by the current legal acts with the actual tasks and objective needs of achieving the desired level of cyber security. The second reflects the degree of realization of the potential created by existing regulations and norms. It is substantiated that the strengthening of the influence of the vertical implementation of the centralized national cyber security policy to compensate for the excessive differentiation of the organizational and resource conditions of cyber protection activity, caused by the specificity of the resource capabilities and organizational solutions of a certain state institution, is a significant source of reserves for approaching the normative level of cyber security in Ukraine. In particular, the lack of a continuous chain of management signals’ transmission and ensuring the circulation of information between objects and subjects of management from the center of development the cyber security policy in state authorities to the departments of their implementation and considering the specifics of the relevant industry makes it impossible to achieve the normative level of cyber security in the state authorities of Ukraine and critical infrastructure objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study gives definitions of information war (information warfare) and related terms, such as cyberwar and others, indicates the purposes, objects, subject matter, and subjects of the concepts under consideration. The author also considers the features of strategic information warfare conducted by the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the stages in the development of information war, and the classification of its types and methods. The approaches of scientists who studied certain aspects of information warfare were analyzed, based on their work relevant conclusions were drawn and the conceptual basis of the paper was formed. Independently, the definition and characteristics of the concept of cyber warfare inextricably linked with information warfare are given. Methods for solving the problems arising during the information war are introduced, ways of ensuring the information security of the state are provided. Information war in this study is considered as methods and means of presenting information to form the point of view needed by the organizers of information propaganda and the corresponding public opinion in a certain group of people. The author made an in‐depth analysis of the regulatory and legal instruments in force for counterfeiting information warfare and protecting the Ukrainian people from it, pointed out the deficiencies of such documents, and gave recommendations for their further advancement. Recommendations are given to improve the current information awareness among Ukrainians, the directions of the state policy in this field are suggested and ways to ensure the stability of the national information security system of Ukraine are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now the situation has arisen, when a significant number of international standards have been developed and provided almost all areas of information and cyber security. But, at the same time, a very significant part of enterprises and organizations of almost all directions and industries do not meet the requirements of these standards, at least in Ukraine. Moreover, a very significant majority of managers of these enterprises do not know the content of these standards. A brief description of the management system of the information system based on international standards ISO/IEC 27000, requirements for its operation, is provided. The developed information system for regulatory support of cyber security of enterprises consists of a database that contains tables of cyber security terms and international standards for information security management. Information system software consists of an executable file written in the Python programming language with a graphical interface. In order to use the system, it needs to be run under a Windows operating system, but it can be easily adapted to any operating system where Python is installed. It is preferable that the computer is connected to the Internet. Each time the program is called, the database update is checked on the program web page and, if necessary, the Information System downloads the updated database to the client. The program administrator changes the information in the database. If the web page of the program is not achievable, the program works without updating. The use of the developed "Information system for regulatory support of cyber security of enterprises" should make it possible to increase legal literacy in the field of cyber security and information security among the management of enterprises and employees affected by it. And also, the implementation of effective management, which will have a qualitative impact on the final result of the enterprise. The system can be useful for teachers and students of educational institutions that are related to cyber security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, more and more actively forces us to take care of our information security. Events in the world and in Ukraine, information, hybrid wars, cybercrimes are what have become our everyday reality, and what prompts us to look for new and improve existing methods and means of information protection. One of the issues of information protection is the protection of graphic content from violations of its integrity. Violation of the integrity of digital images can be done with a wide variety of graphic editor tools. In particular, such a tool of the Adobe Photoshop graphic editor "patch" is a convenient way to falsify a photo, which is currently not paid attention to in the open press. Therefore, the need to identify this tool became the basis for the experiments described in this article. The purpose of this work is to improve the effectiveness of detecting fake photos made using the Adobe Photoshop tool "Patch" by developing an algorithm. In the work, a computational experiment was carried out using 100 digital images, which were processed with the "patch" tool. Based on the computational tool, an algorithm was developed that proved to be effective in cases where the image after falsification is saved in lossy and lossless formats. In most cases, it was possible to detect the presence of a violation of integrity in the case when it really took place, and to establish the fact of the absence of processing with the "patch" tool, when it really was not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection of information with limited access, especially state secrets, is an important task in the sphere of national and information security of the state. In order to minimize possible harm to Ukraine’s national security from violations in the sphere of state secrets protection and to reduce the negative international rating and other serious consequences at the state level, the task of creating specialized databases, development and improvement of existing methods and models that implement appropriate assessments is urgent. That is why the theoretical and multiple presentation of the parameters of the generalized report and the Report on the state of security of state secrets in the root models allow to solve the actual scientific and practical problem of formalization of the process of assessment of negative consequences of the leak of state secrets, its disclosure or loss of material carriers of secret information, violation of the regime of secrecy, etc. Developed root model of primary parameters and its hierarchical structure due to the integrated theoretical and multiple representation of sets characterizing the subject of secret-regime activity, specificity, nature and type of violation, expenses on measures of state secret protection, information about the secretregime body, compliance with the regime of secrecy and normative recommendations allows to define sets of input and output parameters for formation of special databases and formalization of the process of assessment of the damage to national security from the outflow of state secrets in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation. Further, to implement the above process, it is necessary to develop appropriate models for internal and secondary parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The goal of the study was to compare the experience of the U.S., the EU, and Ukraine in the use of strategic communications in foreign policy and national security. Historical method and analysis of sources was used to explore the evolution of strategic communications in the U.S., the EU, and Ukraine; the generalization method was used to summarize these experiences; method of comparative analysis was used to find common and different features in the use of strategic communications by different actors in international relations. The study made it possible to conclude that the leading positions in the use of strategic communications are held by the United States, which was a pioneer in this field. Instead, the European Union has long focused mainly on improving communication within the union itself, and is still less active in protecting information security and promoting its strategic narratives internationally. In Ukraine, the intensification of attention to strategic communications was caused by the Russian aggression in 2014, and since then significant progress has been made: strategic communications are enshrined in Ukrainian legislation, institutions responsible for the implementation of specific areas of strategic communications are established, practical coordination of strategic communications actors in foreign policy is shaped. At the same time, important tasks remain, including the development of Ukrainian own strategic narratives; professional training of specialists in specific areas of strategic communications; expanding the range of subjects of strategic communications in foreign policy; and more structured work with different target audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ukraine, like most countries in the world, has faced a number of problematic issues in various spheres of public life under the coronavirus pandemic. Ukraine is a post-communist country. Since 2014, an armed conflict has been going on in the eastern territories of Ukraine. This threatened the lives of thousands of people who were forced to flee their homes. Today there are about 1.5 million forced internal migrants in Ukraine. The coronavirus pandemic, combined with the ongoing armed conflict, could potentially lead to political instability and act as a catalyst for the economic crisis in Ukraine. The coronavirus pandemic has raised the issue of information security for Ukraine. Manipulation of information on COVID-19 poses a security threat from destructive information and psychological influences on Ukrainian citizens. The content analysis highlighted the dominant destructive myths about the COVID-19 epidemic, which are most prevalent in the public consciousness of Ukrainians. It is noted that the low level of information literacy of the population leads to the inability of people to ensure their own information security. The peaks of manipulative coronavirus materials growth in the media space of Ukraine were traced. It was stated that the coronavirus pandemic has become a test of responsibility for the Ukrainian public authorities. With all the levers of influence, the Ukrainian authorities were largely unprepared to develop timely and effective mechanisms to counter the destructive information and psychological influences associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The inefficiency of the authorities was most often manifested either in the slow response to the challenges and destructive informational and psychological threats to the COVID-19 epidemic, or in the disregard of these threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essence of administrative and legal regulation of the activities of the subjects of the national cybersecurity system of Ukraine has been established, which consists in building an effective system for ensuring cybersecurity and requires from the state bodies of Ukraine a clear legal definition of the principles of state policy in this area and an advanced response to dynamic changes taking place in the world in the field of cybersecurity. The classifier of threats to the security of information resources has been improved, which, in contrast to the existing ones, is based on a synergetic model of threats, which allows to classify threats by security components, types of services, and hierarchy levels of the infrastructure of automated systems, to assess the synergy and hybridity of threats to information security, cybersecurity, information security, and the likelihood of their impact on the security of information resources. It has been proved that the choice of specific means and ways of ensuring the cybersecurity of Ukraine is conditioned by the need to take timely measures adequate to the nature and scale of real and potential cybernetic threats to the vital interests of a person and citizen, society and the state. The purpose of the cybersecurity system of Ukraine has been clarified. The task of the cybersecurity system is to create the necessary conditions in cyberspace, under which it is possible to achieve national goals and realize the interests, tasks, and goals of its elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been revealed that the legal and doctrinal basis of information security in Ukraine developed symptomatically and haphazardly. This is largely due to the fact that modern research methods are based on different worldview positions, solve research problems in different ways, and also use excellent research strategies. In addition, information security was primarily viewed as the information security of the state. Subsequently, the intensification of informatization processes in all areas, especially the growth in the importance of technical protection of information, led to the formation of legal support for the protection of information as an integral component of the security of enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as individual sectors of the economy. At the turn of the millennium, the question of international information security, as well as cybersecurity as part of information security, became acute. The stages of the formation of Ukrainian legislation in the information sphere in general, and information security in particular, have been analyzed, and it has been found that at each of these stages, the information security of a person remained a secondary issue. Increasing the efficiency of administrative and legal support for information security in Ukraine is possible through the implementation of a set of legal measures, which include: clear reflection in law and state institutions of the orientation on the combination of public and private economic interests in the information sphere; constant and consistent use of all human rights mechanisms and procedures to overcome conflicts in the information sphere; raising the legal level of consciousness and activities of civil servants, representatives of all branches and levels of government, and the country's population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational development is one of the most important fields of organizational management. With increasing connectivity and digitalization of processes, systems, and data, intrusions via interfaces and subsystems can be affected by the entire system's security. The manipulation or loss of data in artificial intelligence-based systems takes on a serious role, as the technology learns and acts based on data. Since personal and person-related data and confidential company data, are of particular importance, this issue's relevance is significant. This study aimed to determine the data access limit for digital systems for organizational development and to investigate user attitudes towards the procession of personal data through artificial intelligence. The main purpose is to provide the research results to target selected security and data protection aspects in the design of organizational development systems based on artificial intelligence. Investigation of this topic is carried out in three logical phases. The first phase provides the analysis of scientific publications. It explores how and under which aspects and conditions digital systems for organizational development depend on information security and data protection. The literature review included keyword network analysis in Scopus with further visualization in VOSviewer. The second part provides a targeted data classification according to security classes, which can be directly applied to design organizational development or management software. In the third phase, there is a survey of respondents from Ukraine and Germany to determine the attitudes towards collecting and analyzing personal data through artificial intelligence. The investigation results show the close connection of the subject's security and data protection with the change management system, privacy, development of technological models in enterprises, applications for and of process analysis, the legislative basis for information security, etc. According to the survey, the respondents from Ukraine show more neutrality in accepting the collection of personal or personal data through artificial intelligence. Across age and nationality, it can be stated that the majority of respondents are not opposed to collecting and analyzing data about the execution of the activity or behaviour, personal details, family status, education. Scientists and practitioners can directly use the findings for further applications in developing digital systems for organizational development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is based on the topic «Peculiarities of information security threats in the area of anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection (2014-2020)». The purpose of the study was to identify, identify and analyze the features of threats to information security of the state, in particular in the area of anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection in 2014-2020. The following methods are used in the work: content- analysis (obtaining objective, structured and generalized information about the course of events in the period of time specified in the study) and SWOT-analysis (structuring information by categories: strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities). The analysis of foreign and domestic sources on the theory of information security, features of threats to information security of the state, in particular in the war zone, the tools of the Russian Federation of information wars are considered. The study also presents an analysis of the information confrontation between Russia and Ukraine since 2014. It provides practical recommendations for improving counteraction to information threats and increasing the level of information security of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technological changes directly influence human values, way of life, communication, education, new digital competencies, economic productivity, social rights, privacy, access to information, and more. Understanding and describing these effects is key for understanding the new digital social reality and determining possibilities, challenges, and threats of the fourth industrial revolution. The prerequisites of this study are the objective monitoring of the state of social and labour relations in Ukraine and other countries, the analysis of urgent issues of alternative employment, the global crisis and crisis of the human rights mechanism of social and labour relations, changes in the legal status and powers of trade union organizations. These institutions are intended to protect the interests of employees, to facilitate the 'individualization' of labour relations, and new forms to protect employees' rights and interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to study of information security as a challenge of modern development of information and computer technologies. It was found that achievement of a satisfactory level of information security, which is a state of safety of balanced important interests of an individual, society and state against internal and external threats in the information sphere, is possible based on economic, organizational, technical, legal, psychological and other methods. Existing threats to the information security in Ukraine have been identified. The concept and essence of hybrid war as one of the threats to protection of information interests of an individual, society and the state are considered separately. A conclusion was made about the expediency of supplementing the Information Security Doctrine of Ukraine with such a threat as a hybrid war, which actually takes place in the east of the country. A system of information security components in Ukraine has been disclosed, among which a particular attention has been paid to the Ministry of Information Policy of Ukraine and the State Agency for Electronic Governance of Ukraine. In order to improve the mechanism of protection of the information space of Ukraine, it is proposed to differentiate at the legislative level the concepts of "information security" and "cybersecurity", since their understanding is the basis for the formulation and implementation of the state information policy, improve international cooperation between states to exchange experience, as well as to involve general public to protect the information space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid war is aimed at obtaining influence over the population, politicians, business and power structures by non-conventional means. Information security holds one of the first places in countering hybrid threats. Ukraine pays enormous attention timely detection, prevention and neutralization of information threats, but it still needs external assistance including the EU and NATO. At the same time, Ukraine a battlefield for new information warfare technologies, and knowledge and experience of Ukraine's resistance is helpful for both organizations. This stimulates a tringle cooperation in the field of information security with a cross-exchange of financial and technical support, new information technologies, administrative methods, knowledge and experience between the EU, NATO and Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The essence, basis and conditionality of information violence, its relationship with manipulative influence and information security are analyzed. The specifics of the communication space and peculiarities of information technologies are revealed. The legislation of Ukraine on the mentioned issues is considered. It has been proved that information violence is urgent socially significant problem that needs increased attention from the state and civil society for today. The key methods of counteraction to information violence in the conditions of modern information confrontations are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the relevant problem of updating the system of graduate training (master's degree) in Ukraine. It analyzes the ways of Ukraine's integration into the European Higher Education Area and the legal framework of higher education in Ukraine and the UK. It also presents a comparative pedagogical analysis of the features of professional training for Masters in Cybersecurity in different areas, as well as the structural, content, organizational and pedagogical principles of master programmes on cybersecurity at the universities of Ukraine and the UK. It is found that the most significant difference is the decentralized management of educational processes at the administrative level. The analysis of the legal framework of higher education shows that it is much better developed in Ukraine than in the UK due to the centralized management of education. The article proves that a significant difference between master programmes on cybersecurity in Ukraine and the UK is their level of specialization. The programmes on the investigation of computer incidents and information technology security are most prevalent at UK universities. It is specified that the number, list and names of educational courses differ significantly, which is explained primarily by the differences in the conceptual framework of the profession itself, the social needs of Ukrainian and British society in such specialists and the ways of promoting this profession in the labour market. Some positive aspects of the organization of master training in cybersecurity in the UK are emphasized. Some promising areas in professional training of Masters in Cybersecurity in Ukraine and the UK are singled out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays we cannot speak about cybersecurity as a simple problem. It is not just about users cannot properly use the devices because of a malware settle in their computers. Now professionals have to work in a more complex system. The information technology meshes most of our life. Begin with people use their smartphones over that companies lead most of their processes via computers. Nations want that their citizens can live in a healthier, more comfortable, economical place, so they started to think about how can they warrant a better life. Result in this governments started to make critical infrastructure more economical with the help of information technology. That is how Smart Cities began to evolve. However, bringing into practice these innovations is still not enough. If we use any technology, we shall use it securely, that is why we must build our advanced city as a secure Smart City. If not, our systems can be attacked in different ways. In the view of last years, we can accept, that ransomware can make considerable problems in different systems. Last time NotPetya caused many problems in Ukraine's infrastructure. The metro and the airport information technology systems were also victims of this malicious code. The security of the transportation is essential not just because of public transport one of the leading part of Smart Cities, but because in these public vehicles many people travel day by day, so these are critical infrastructures. This article is processing what could happen if Hungarian train management systems got attacked by ransomware. What are the risks and how should we protect against them? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science-Based Technologies is the property of National Aviation University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanities Bulletin of Zaporizhzhe State Engineering Academy / Gumanìtarnij Vìsnik Zaporìzʹkoï Deržavnoï Inženernoï Akademìï is the property of Zaporizhzhe State Engineering Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Annals-XXI / Ekonomìčnij Časopis-XXI is the property of Institute of Society Transformation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Institutionalizing of the personal data protection as an integral part of informational law and one of the main directions of national information policy, actualizes the issue of improvement its organizational and legislative framework. Above all, the state of information security depends on its organizational and legal support. Developed legislative and administrative basis optimizes the scope of information relations, making it tolerant to internal and external threats. In turn, serious legislative and organizational flaws entail wide range of destructive consequences. It undermine informational security, provoke conflicts, create preconditions for manipulation, abuse and harassment. From year to year, in Ukraine increases the number of illegal databases, the cases of unauthorized access to personal data systems, failures of protection personal data and the rights of its owners. Obviously, these trends will take place until systemic deficiencies in legal regulation and organizational support of personal data protection are eliminated. This stipulates the need for a comprehensive improvement of legislative and organizational support of personal data protection, based on the achievements of modern science, progressive law making and law-enforcement tendencies, best administrative practices in the field of informational security and personal data protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the key contradictions in the environmental situation in Ukraine is the ineffective management of macroeconomic processes, which results in disparaging attitude to environmental issues. From such management to a large extent depends rationality of the use of national natural resources, cautiousness in relation to nature and socio–cultural environment, in the end, to the person and his everyday environment. The emissions from the nature of residues and by-products of industrial production become threatening. As a result of pollution of soils, reservoirs, and forest areas, the natural environment becomes aggressive and hostile to humans; finding it threatens diseases that cannot be diagnosed. The paradox is convinced that at the level of the theory these questions are defined quite clearly, clearly and clearly; At the same level of practice - they are simply ignored. Responsibility for violating the norms of ecologically safe activity in Ukraine is virtual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information security has a human dimension. Therefore, education of citizens plays an important role in confronting destructive external and internal information influences. Its proper level is called for by the state and civil society. Indeed, the uneducated population easily falls under the destructive influence of information threats of the modern global world. Unfortunately, Ukraine does not have sufficient resources and technologies to adequately confront external threats. In view of this, the strategy of forming the national information security system of our state can only be the maximum leveling of destructive influences on the part of external information threats. To this end, Ukraine needs to implement democratic reforms, to form a civil society, to ensure the functioning of the rule of law and the growth of the political and civic culture of the population. At the same time, reformers need to keep in mind that the global nature of the information society determines the rapid transformation of external threats into the internal ones, turning them into constant challenges that unfold within the national cultural, informational and socio-political space. In addition, modern global information systems, the media, and network tools make the boundary between external and internal threats almost invisible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information security is a component of the state national security. In this regard, the urgent issue today is to ensure the security of state information resources, protection of vital interests of society in the information sphere. The aim of the study is to analyze the main measures CSTO member states to organize and conduct joint operations in the informational area. The activities of the CSTO is to conduct joint operations in cyberspace, aimed at identifying and blocking the sources of destructive and manipulative information. For seven years this cooperation suspended the activities of a significant amount of resources. The authorities state that took part in them, have considerable experience of joint coordinated action in this area. As a result of the conducted research were selected three basic directions of joint activity of states-members of CSTO in informative space: counteraction terrorism, extremism, narcotrade; improvement of mechanism of defence of population from negative informatively psychological influence and creation of Centers of reacting on ciberincident. As an example of such activity is a general operation "PROXIES-SOUTH-2010", conducted during interethnic contradictions on the south of Kyrgyzstan in summer in 2010 . It follows to mark the fact of bringing in of powerful scientific and analytical institutes of states-members of CSTO to work in the area of providing of informative safety and conduct informatively propagandist to activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The result of the rapid development and widespread implementation of information and telecommunication systems and technologies is a dependence on them almost all spheres of life: economic, political, social, etc. Recent events in Ukraine related to the annexation of the Crimea, the manifestations of separatism in the eastern regions and holding early presidential elections are clear evidence of the "birth" of a new field of conducting warfare - cyberspace. For governments of major countries the issue of cyber security has become an integral part of a stable and secure development of society and the state. According to that, the authors analyzed the public documents, reports and standards in the field of cyber security. The main attention is paid to the state and personnel policy in cyber security of leading world powers - the U.S. and Russia. The analysis was highlighted features that are inherent for both states, and that are different. As a conclusion an analysis of the findings in the state of cyber security issues in Ukraine is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]