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Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae), is a devastating disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the United States. Recent epidemics of FHB in the mid-Atlantic region have underscored the need to develop new commercial varieties of barley that are resistant to FHB and restrict accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). FHB incidence, FHB index, and DON levels of Virginia hulled and hulless barley genotypes were evaluated over five years (2006 to 2010) in FHB nurseries in Virginia. FHB incidence ranged from 22.5% (2010) to 80.1% (2008), and mean DON levels ranged from 0.5 ± 0.4 (2008) to 2.4 ± 2.1 ppm (2010). Barley genotype played a significant role in determining FHB resistance in 2006 to 2009. DON levels were significantly different among barley genotypes in 2007, 2008, and 2009. FHB incidence was positively correlated with FHB index in all 5 years studied. In 2006 and 2010, FHB incidence and index were positively correlated with DON. Early spike emergence resulted in higher FHB incidence and index in 2007, 2008, and 2010. This preliminary work has identified some promising hulled and hulless barley genotypes for targeted breeding and commercialization efforts in FHB nurseries in the future; 'Eve' (hulless) and 'Thoroughbred' (hulled) ranked among the most FHB resistant genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes registered varieties of crop including barley, cowpea and beans. AC Bacon barley developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Center, Brandon, MB, Canada; California Blackeye 27 cowpea by the University of California, Riverside, California; AC Redbond Small Red Dry Bean developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Center at Alberta, Canada; Other cultivars.

Features the U.S. registration of the cultivar 'Tyto' barley, Hordeum vulgare. Research leading to the development of Tyto; Developers of the cultivar; Characteristics of the cultivar; Resistance to pests and diseases.

Reports on the Agricultural Research Service's (ARS) commitment to barley research. Collection of barley specimens at the ARS National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility in Aberdeen, Idaho; Two types of barley; Testing barley breeding lines for qualities that will make good beer; Federal revenues from the barley crop.