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The article presents practical advice for Idaho attorneys on permissive appeals, and it mentions how only six of the 73 motions for permissive appeal that were filed with the Idaho Supreme Court between 2013 and 2017 were granted. According to the article, the timing for a permissive appeal is addressed in Idaho Appellate Rule 12(b) and (c). Notice of appeal requirements and Idaho judge-made law (caselaw) are examined, along with the Budell v. Todd appellate law case.

The article presents practical advice for Idaho attorneys on how to deal with a default judgment, and it provides a default judgment checklist which mentions summons compliance with the Idaho Rules of Civil Procedure, pleadings, and evidence of damages. Court costs and attorney fees are examined, along with information about service of process and a nonappearance in court by a defaulting party. The Idaho Code and military service affidavits are assessed.

The article discusses the author's experiences in using a list of American statutory construction principles that he received while working at his first job after graduating from law school, and it mentions various legal canons involving legislative history, the stare decision doctrine, and workers' compensation statutes in the U.S. Idaho judge-made law (case law) is addressed, along with information about American statutory modifications, criminal statutes, and legislative intent.

The article presents practical advice for Idaho attorneys on how to preserve issues for appeal, and it mentions civil and criminal appellate opinions from Idaho state courts, as well as the appellate rules in the state. Pleadings are addressed in relation to Rule 8 of the Idaho Rules of Civil Procedure. Evidentiary objections and Idaho Appellate Rule 11(a) on appealable orders are examined, along with several legal cases involving the Idaho Supreme Court.

The article offers advice for attorney on how to comply with court rules when filing motions in Idaho. Topics include civil motion practice in Idaho in 2015, the time limitations on motion filing, and what should be included in motion affidavits filed with the court. Information is provided on the authentication of documentary evidence.

Early publication practices in the USA under the American Inventors Protection Act and in Europe under various national laws and under the European Patent Convention are compared and contrasted. A brief survey of the historical development of early publication practices in Europe sets the scene. Particular topics covered then include non-published applications, rapid publication, search reports, bibliographic data such as assignee details and microbiological deposits, substantive examination requests, and the scope of subsequently granted patents. The author concludes that there are many substantial and significant differences between the two regions, and that patent searchers and database producers need to be very much aware of these differences and to monitor the anticipated future changes to US practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In examining the timeliness and accuracy of United Kingdom patent legal status data sources, the author takes as his starting point the Patent and Designs Journal of the UK Patent Office. He then tracks the progress for a batch of patent status events recorded in the Journal on a specific date, both in the official phase before publication in the Journal, and their subsequent appearance in three electronic databases. The databases examined are the UKPO''s Patent Status Information Service, the EPO''s epoline® European Patent Register and the Questel. Orbit implementation of the Inpadoc Patent Register Service/Legstat files. He distinguishes between the official time-lag from the action date to the record date in the UKPO, and the processing time-lag from the record date to the update date in the electronic databases. He demonstrates the complexities of this field, with delays in data availability attributable to several causes, including those inherent in the nature of the patent law under which patent offices operate. He concludes that great care in compiling and cross-checking of status data is essential, especially for countries, such as the United Kingdom, which are party to regional patent issuing authorities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Transitions of care require coordination between inpatient healthcare providers, care managers, outpatient/ambulatory providers, and the patient/caregiver and family members. Poor communication during transitions of care can affect health outcomes and economic costs for patients/caregivers, healthcare providers, and healthcare systems. The goal of this paper is to identify risk-prone processes in the transition of care for patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) between healthcare environments, including the hospital, home, skilled nursing facility, and long-term acute care hospital settings. To facilitate the evaluation of the transition, a sequential series of steps in the transition process were identified: initial notification, assessment in preparation for transfer, identifying the receiving organization, identifying accountable providers at each sending/receiving organization, communicating the nutrition care plan, implementing the plan and additional considerations regarding PN preparation and readmissions. Safety concerns with risk-prone processes are identified and recommended best practices are proposed for improving processes at each step of the transition. Pediatric considerations are included in the evaluation of the various steps in the transition of care. This paper was approved by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Board of Directors., (© 2022 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.)

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden unexpected death of a child younger than one year during sleep that cannot be explained after a postmortem evaluation including autopsy, a thorough history, and scene evaluation. The incidence of SIDS has decreased more than 50% in the past 20 years, largely as a result of the Back to Sleep campaign. The most important risk factors relate to the sleep environment. Prone and side sleeping positions are significantly more dangerous than the supine position. Bed sharing with a parent is strongly correlated with an increased risk of SIDS, especially in infants younger than 12 weeks. Apparent life-threatening events are not a risk factor for SIDS. Parents should place infants on their backs to sleep, should not share a bed, and should avoid exposing the infant to tobacco smoke. Other risk-reducing measures include using a firm crib mattress, breastfeeding, keeping vaccinations up to date, avoiding overheating due to overbundling, avoiding soft bedding, and considering the use of a pacifier during sleep once breastfeeding is established. One consequence of the Back to Sleep campaign is a significant increase in the incidence of occipital flattening. Infants who develop a flat spot should be placed with the head facing alternating directions each time he or she is put to bed. Supervised prone positioning while the infant is awake, avoiding excessive use of carriers, and upright positioning while awake are also recommended.

Depression and other mood disorders occur in approximately 25 percent of terminal patients. Untreated, depression and mood disorders can have a significantly negative impact on patients and families. Screening for depression can be done as easily as asking one question: "are you depressed?" A positive response to this question can be followed with one of the more extensive screening tools. Anxiety disorders can also have a negative effect on patients and their families. These can be identified by also using one of the validated screening tools. Use of the antidepressant medications for treating depression and, in some cases, anxiety disorders has not been well studied in hospice and palliative care. Some of the antidepressants can also serve as adjuvant therapy in pain management.

Malaria is the world's most important parasitic disease, accounting for an estimated 300 to 500 million new cases and between 1.5 and 2.7 deaths annually. The majority of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic and are the result of infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The number of deaths in the United States due to malaria is comparably much lower and involves so-called "imported" cases in which U.S. travelers acquire the infection upon travel to endemic areas and subsequently return to the United States or in which infected foreign citizens travel to the United States. There were a total of 118 deaths due to malaria in the United States between 1979 and 1998 with an average of 5.9 deaths per year. Specific epidemiological data provided by the CDC regarding the 40 deaths that occurred between 1992 and 1998 yielded the following results. Deaths occurred in patients ranging from 9 months to 89 years of age (median, 53 years). Thirty-eight (95%) of these were due to P. falciparum and two (5%) due to P. vivax. Anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis was taken in 40% of cases, not taken in 45% of cases, and unknown in 15% of cases. Twenty-four (60%) of the cases involved U.S. travelers to endemic areas, of whom 59% traveled to Africa, 25% to South America, 8% to India, 4% to Haiti, and 4% to unspecified areas. The remaining cases included eleven foreign travelers to the U.S. (27.5%), three induced cases (7.5%), and two undetermined cases (5%). Thirty-nine (98%) of the cases were diagnosed antemortem and only one case was known to have come to the attention of the medical examiner/coroner. An illustrative case report demonstrates many of the features associated with fatal malaria infections in the United States. The case involves a U.S. student who was studying in Africa and who, by report, had not taken antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. Despite seeking medical attention, the patient was not diagnosed with P. falciparum infection and cerebral malaria until the time of medico-legal autopsy, where the classic gross and microscopic features of cerebral malaria were identified. This case represents one of the few cases of P. falciparum infection in the United States not diagnosed antemortem. Given the worldwide prevalence of the disease, increasing international travel, and rapidly developing drug resistance, malaria will continue to be an important disease and should be considered in cases of sudden, unexplained deaths. By reviewing the major epidemiological features of malaria-related deaths in the United States and by presenting the major gross and microscopic features of cerebral malaria, an attempt is made at raising the awareness of the forensic community to the potential of malaria-related deaths.