24 results on '"Ameen A"'
Search Results
2. Support and Informational Needs Among Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results of an Online US Patient Survey.
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Aquino, Jeneth, Clauer, Julie, Ameen, Khadijah, Newcomer, Kim, Fenstermacher, David, Incudine, Andrea, Steinberg, Kathy, Mulvey, Amy, Geiger, Ashley, and Calabrese, Ashley V.
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COLORECTAL cancer ,CANCER patients ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,METASTASIS ,INFORMATION needs ,SOCIAL support - Published
- 2024
3. Visibility of Winter Operations Vehicles: The State of Practice in the United States.
- Author
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Ameen, Wasiq, Farooghi, Ferika, Shahandashti, Mohsen, and Mattingly, Stephen
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WINTER , *TRANSPORTATION agencies , *GOVERNMENT agencies , *VEHICLES - Abstract
Despite precautions taken by the operators of maintenance vehicles, insufficient visibility of winter operations vehicles causes many collisions in the United States. Numerous methods have been developed to enhance the visibility of winter operations vehicles. Although these methods have improved the visibility of winter operations vehicles, information regarding the current state of practice of these methods is crucial for the safety of winter operations vehicles, and commuters. For safer winter operations, it is critical to investigate the differences, similarities, and challenges associated with the existing methods for enhancing the visibility of winter operations. This research examines the differences, similarities, and challenges associated with these methods using a survey to collect information from state transportation agencies. Questionnaire distribution included all 50 states to investigate patterns among the states and 25 Texas Dept. of Transportation (TxDOT) districts to gather the state of practice of the operations vehicles' visibility methods. Results of the survey brought forward the inefficiencies of some current visibility methods. For example, rear airfoils were reported to be ineffective, while many state DOTs use and maintain the airfoils despite the inefficiencies. Although a wide range of dissimilarities was found in the use of message signs and retroreflective markings, they are reported to be inexpensive and effective. It is expected that the findings of this study help transportation agencies implement more effective methods for enhancing the visibility of winter operations vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Development of new computational machine learning models for longitudinal dispersion coefficient determination: case study of natural streams, United States.
- Author
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Tao, Hai, Salih, Sinan, Oudah, Atheer Y., Abba, S. I., Ameen, Ameen Mohammed Salih, Awadh, Salih Muhammad, Alawi, Omer A., Mostafa, Reham R., Surendran, Udayar Pillai, and Yaseen, Zaher Mundher
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RANDOM forest algorithms ,DECISION trees ,DISPERSION (Chemistry) ,MACHINE learning - Abstract
Natural streams longitudinal dispersion coefficient (Kx) is an essential indicator for pollutants transport and its determination is very important. Kx is influenced by several parameters, including river hydraulic geometry, sediment properties, and other morphological characteristics, and thus its calculation is a highly complex engineering problem. In this research, three relatively explored machine learning (ML) models, including Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GTB), and XGboost-Grid, were proposed for the Kx determination. The modeling scheme on building the prediction matrix was adopted from the well-established literature. Several input combinations were tested for better predictability performance for the Kx. The modeling performance was tested based on the data division for the training and testing (70–30% and 80–20%). Based on the attained modeling results, XGboost-Grid reported the best prediction results over the training and testing phase compared to RF and GTB models. The development of the newly established machine learning model revealed an excellent computed-aided technology for the Kx simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The publication fate of abstracts presented at the Medical Library Association conferences.
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Hinrichs, Rachel J., Ramirez, Mirian, and Ameen, Mahasin
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PUBLISHING ,MEDICAL libraries ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,SURVEYS ,HEALTH literacy ,CHI-squared test ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,HEALTH promotion - Abstract
Objective: We sought to determine how many abstracts presented at the 2012 and 2014 Medical Library Association (MLA) annual conferences were later published as full-text journal articles and which features of the abstract and first author influence the likelihood of future publication. To do so, we replicated a previous study on MLA conference abstracts presented in 2002 and 2003. The secondary objective was to compare the publication rates between the prior and current study. Methods: Presentations and posters delivered at the 2012 and 2014 MLA meetings were coded to identify factors associated with publication. Postconference publication of abstracts as journal articles was determined using a literature search and survey sent to first authors. Chi-squared tests were used to assess differences in the publication rate, and logistic regression was used to assess the influence of abstract factors on publication. Results: The combined publication rate for the 2012 and 2014 meetings was 21.8% (137/628 abstracts), which is a statistically significant decrease compared to the previously reported rate for 2002 and 2003 (27.6%, 122/442 abstracts). The odds that an abstract would later be published as a journal article increased if the abstract was multi- institutional or if it was research, specifically surveys or mixed methods research. Conclusions: The lower publication rate of MLA conference abstracts may be due to an increased number of program or nonresearch abstracts that were accepted or a more competitive peer review process for journals. MLA could increase the publication rate by encouraging and enabling multi-institutional research projects among its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Coverage and Access for Americans with Cardiovascular Disease or Risk Factors After the ACA: a Quasi-experimental Study.
- Author
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Barghi, Ameen, Torres, H., Kressin, N. R., and McCormick, D.
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CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *INSURANCE ,PATIENT Protection & Affordable Care Act - Abstract
Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the USA. Many with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) lacked insurance coverage and access to care before enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).Objective: To assess the effect of the ACA on insurance coverage, access to care, and racial/ethnic disparities among non-elderly adults with CVD or CVRFs.Design: Quasi-experimental policy intervention.Participants: Nationally representative, non-institutionalized sample of 1,014,450 adults aged 18 to 64 years with CVD or at least 2 established CVRFs in the pre-ACA (2012-2013) and post-ACA (2015-2016) periods.Intervention: Implementation of ACA provisions on 1 January 2014.Main Measures: Insurance coverage, having a check-up, having a personal physician, and not having to forgo a needed physician visit because of cost.Key Results: Following ACA implementation, insurance coverage increased by 6.9 percentage points (95% CI, 6.6 to 7.2), not having to forgo a physician visit increased by 3.6 percentage points (CI, 3.3 to 3.9), having a check-up increased by 2.1 percentage points (CI, 1.8 to 2.6), and having a personal physician increased by 1 percentage point (0.6 to 1.3); changes were approximately doubled for those with lower incomes (< $35,000/year). Changes in coverage varied substantially by state and all outcomes improved more in Medicaid expansion states. Although racial/ethnic minorities had greater improvements in some outcomes, approximately 13% black and 29% Hispanic adults continued to lack coverage and access to care post-ACA.Conclusion: The ACA increased coverage and access for adults with CVD or multiple CVRFs; substantial gaps remain, particularly for minorities and those in Medicaid non-expansion states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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7. “They Were Going to Kill Me”: Resilience in Unaccompanied Immigrant Minors.
- Author
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Becker Herbst, Rachel, Sabet, Raha Forooz, Swanson, Amelia, Suarez, Lauren G., Marques, Denise S., Ameen, Edward J., and Aldarondo, Etiony
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EXPERIENCE ,HISPANIC Americans ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,SOCIAL justice ,QUALITATIVE research ,WELL-being ,NARRATIVES ,THEMATIC analysis ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Unaccompanied and undocumented immigrant minors (UUIM) have become the focus of increased attention. Unfortunately, public discourse is often decontextualized, simplistic, and polarized. Empirical literature fails to capture the experiences of UUIM and identify strategies to promote their well-being. In this article we begin to address these gaps through qualitative inquiry. We analyzed written narratives of 292 Latino UUIM using a theoretical thematic analysis. Participants described motives for, and experiences of, the migration process. Guided by Ungar et al.’s (2007) conceptualization of resilience, five subthemes emerged: access to material resources, relationships, identity and cohesion, social justice, and perilous journey. The results from our study highlight (a) the youth’s difficult and often traumatic experiences in their homeland, (b) the factors that made migrating to the United States appealing to them, and (c) the dangerous journey they experienced. Implications for practice, research, and advocacy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Patenting Life the American, European and Indian Way.
- Author
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Jauhar, Ameen and Narnaulia, Swati
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BIOTECHNOLOGY patents ,PATENTS (International law) ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations laws - Abstract
The article discusses the evolution of bio-patents in Europe, India and the U.S. and their effect on the international patent regime considering the TRIPS Agreement. It says that patents are considered as intellectual properties and are subject to domestic legislations. It mentions the patent system is being regulated by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) wherein inventions are considered inclusive. It concludes that patent laws are successful in terms of protecting biotech inventions.
- Published
- 2010
9. Restitutionary Remedies in Competition Law: Bull in a China Shop?
- Author
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Al-Ameen, Abayomi
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CRIMINAL reparations ,ANTITRUST violations ,INDUSTRIAL laws & legislation ,ANTITRUST law - Abstract
The article discusses the implications of the application of restitution in competition cases in the U.S. It explores the nature and the coverage of the concept of restitution in the light of its application in English courts. It also dwells on the interaction between the concept of the competition law and notion of restitution. The author suggests that restitution should be applied in the competition cases to maintain corrective justice and market effectiveness and ensure consumer welfare.
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- 2009
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10. URBAN-RURAL DISPARITY TRENDS IN AORTIC ANEURYSM MORTALITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 1999-2019.
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Ameen, Muhammad, Ahuja, Satish Kumar, Nasir, Usama, Waheed, Tayyab Ali, Sundhu, Murtaza, and Ahuja, Keerat Rai
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RURAL-urban differences , *AORTIC aneurysms , *MORTALITY - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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11. Errors associated with applying decision support by suggesting default doses for aminoglycosides.
- Author
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Eslami, Saeid, Abu-Hanna, Ameen, de Keizer, Nicolette F., and de Jonge, Evert
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AMINOGLYCOSIDES , *DRUG dosage , *MEDICATION errors , *DRUG prescribing , *CHRONIC kidney failure , *TOBRAMYCIN , *DISEASES , *MORTALITY , *MEDICAL research - Abstract
Background: Medication errors, and the resultant adverse drug events (ADEs), are one of the main preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. Computerised physician order entry (CPOE) is reported to reduce the frequency of these errors. However, CPOE systems themselves may be associated with errors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a CPOE system that displays an initial default dose for gentamycin and tobramycin administration on the frequency of medication errors and potential ADEs in patients with renal insufficiency.Methods: Gentamycin and tobramycin prescriptions from the CPOE records of a Dutch tertiary adult intensive care unit were retrospectively compared with doses recommended by a locally developed guideline. The default dose for gentamycin and tobramycin in the CPOE system is 240 mg/day. A dose prescribing error was defined as an administered dose that exceeded the recommended dose by >10%.Results: Three hundred and ninty two prescriptions, relating to 253 patients (of whom 184 had renal insufficiency), were analysed. There was a high frequency (58%, 227 of 392) of prescriptions that used the CPOE system's default dose of 240 mg/day. The dose was wrong in 73% (165) of these orders. Default orders for patients with renal insufficiency amounted to 52% (132 of 259). A total of 86% (113 of 132) of these resulted in potential ADEs compared with 53% (66 of 124) for the rest of orders (p < 0.0001).Discussion: A markedly high frequency of prescriptions followed the default dose value and, in patients with renal insufficiency, there was a high frequency of doses exceeding the guideline recommendation (+10%), amounting to potential ADEs.Conclusion: Initial CPOE dose values for prescribing gentamycin and tobramycin, which are based on a fixed default value, form a source of potential ADEs for patients with renal insufficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2006
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12. Prevalence and demographics of irritable bowel syndrome: results from a large web-based survey.
- Author
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ANDREWS, E. B., EATON, S. C., HOLLIS, K. A., HOPKINS, J. S., AMEEN, V., HAMM, L. R., COOK, S. F., TENNIS, P., and MANGEL, A. W.
- Subjects
IRRITABLE colon ,COLON diseases ,GASTROINTESTINAL diseases ,MEDICAL screening ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
Background : Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder, and its prevalence and demographics have been evaluated by different methodologies with varying results. Aim : To evaluate irritable bowel syndrome demographic and prevalence characteristics utilizing a web-enabled panel. Methods : From an existing 150 000-member panel, 31 829 individuals were randomly selected and sent screening questionnaires to evaluate irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Individuals who agreed to participate and completed the screening questionnaire received a second questionnaire related to a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome, a more detailed symptom description, and additional burden of illness data. Results : Irritable bowel syndrome prevalence was 7%. Prevalence was higher in women vs. men, unmarried individuals vs. married individuals and unemployed individuals vs. employed individuals. Of those completing the second questionnaire, 51% had seen their physicians for irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in the past year and most had an episode within the past 3 months. During the past year, approximately half of the participants had used a prescription medication, and over 90% had used an over-the-counter medication for irritable bowel syndrome. Participants with irritable bowel syndrome demonstrated quality-of-life reductions relative to norms of the United States population. Conclusions : Web-enabled data collection represents a novel tool for rapidly surveying a large population of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Evidence of Teaching Anxiety Among Accounting Educators.
- Author
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Ameen, Elsie C., Guffey, Daryl M., and Jackson, Cynthia
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ANXIETY , *PSYCHOLOGY of teaching , *ACCOUNTING teachers - Abstract
In this study, the authors investigated teaching anxiety among accounting professors in the United States. The vast majority of respondents (78%) in our study reported having experienced some type of teaching anxiety, and a substantial proportion (69%) indicated that it was a continuing problem. In addition, 38.5% of the respondents reported specific physical symptoms such as heart-rate acceleration, gastrointestinal distress, or being flushed while experiencing teaching anxiety, and 80% reported general psychological reactions such as apprehension. Occurrence of teaching anxiety was associated with academic rank, age, years of teaching experience, the nature of the institution (whether doctoral granting or not), and whether the accounting department had separate American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. POINT-BLANK BEAR.
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Ameen, Bob and Lattery, Dennis
- Subjects
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KODIAK bear , *BEAR hunting , *HUNTING equipment , *HUNTERS - Abstract
Relates the encounter of a hunter with a Kodiak brown bear in Kodiak Island, Alaska in 1994. Preparations for the hunt; How the bear was sighted; Weapon used in killing the bear.
- Published
- 2001
15. Keeping customers' data secure: A cross-cultural study of cybersecurity compliance among the Gen-Mobile workforce.
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Ameen, Nisreen, Tarhini, Ali, Shah, Mahmood Hussain, Madichie, Nnamdi, Paul, Justin, and Choudrie, Jyoti
- Subjects
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LEGAL compliance , *CULTURE , *EMPLOYEES , *LABOR supply , *PROFESSIONS , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *TRUST , *WORK environment , *ETHNOLOGY research , *DATA security , *DATA security failures , *SMARTPHONES - Abstract
Employees are increasingly relying on mobile devices. In international organizations, more employees are using their personal smartphones for work purposes. Meanwhile, the number of data breaches is rising and affecting the security of customers' data. However, employees' cybersecurity compliance with cybersecurity policies is poorly understood. Researchers have called for a more holistic approach to information security. We propose an employee smartphone-security compliance (ESSC) model, which deepens understanding of employees' information-security behavior by considering influences on the national, organizational, technological (smartphone-specific), and personal levels. The research focuses on secure smartphone use in the workplace among Gen-Mobile (aged 18–35) employees in a cross-cultural context: the United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) and United Arab Emirates (UAE) where 1735 questionnaires were collected. Our findings suggest that those who wish to understand employees' smartphone-security behavior should consider national cybersecurity policies, cultural differences in different countries, and threats specific to smartphone use. In addition, our findings help companies to increase customers' trust and maintain a positive reputation. • The Gen-Mobile workforce relies heavily on Bring Your Own Device (BYOD). • A model integrating national, organizational, technological and personal factors is proposed. • Employees' security behavior in United Kingdom, United States and United Arab Emirates is different. • National cybersecurity policies, attitude and top-management participation are important. • Protection motivation theory, general deterrence theory and theory of reasoned action are extended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Simplifying multiple V[sub T] process flows using chained implants.
- Author
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Rubins, L.M. and Ameen, M.S.
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TRANSISTORS , *SEMICONDUCTOR industry - Abstract
Focuses on the advantages of multiple transistor designs in advanced logic circuit to implant chains in the United States. Increment of implant chaining; Preference of semiconductor manufacturers to accommodate additional implant requirements by increasing implanter productivity; Reduction of total cycle time.
- Published
- 2003
17. LETTERS.
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SCHNABEL, GERALD MICHAEL, BRODINE, DOROTHY, MALAK, CONSTANCE, WHITCOMB, GARDNER, LIST, CHARLES F., LOCK, JAMES, GILL, HUNTLEY, ELLINGHAUSEN, ROBERT H., DAVISON, WILLIAM C., MOSES, RICHARD, WANT, J. H., MUIR, WILLIAM D., KHORASANEE, AMEEN, MICHAUD, MICHAEL A. G., GUTMAN, VERNON R., STEVENS IV, PAT M., SANDERSON, KENNETH C., SALENBIEN, JUDY, BROWNMILLER, SUSAN, and BAYER, ANNE
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LETTERS to the editor ,UNITED States presidential election, 1968 ,ESSAYS ,DEATH ,CHRISTIANITY - Abstract
Several letters to the editor are presented, including one on the victory of U.S. President-elect Richard Nixon in the November 1968 election, one on the essay "The Difficult Art of Losing" in the November 15, 1968 issue, and the story of Bishop James Pike concerning the survival of personality after death.
- Published
- 1968
18. America is no melting pot; it is a mosaic.
- Author
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Al-Ameen, Sundus Mahdi
- Subjects
- *
CULTURAL identity , *IMMIGRANTS - Published
- 2018
19. Massachusetts Proposes Ban on C&D Waste, Including Treated Wood.
- Author
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Coletta, Edmund and Ameen, Jan
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INDUSTRIAL waste management ,WASTE products management ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,ENVIRONMENTAL engineering ,ENVIRONMENTAL agencies ,GOVERNMENT agencies - Abstract
Reports on the proposal of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection's Beyond 2000 Solid Waste Management Plan to ban the disposal of construction and demolition (C&D) waste at both private and municipally owned landfills. Rationale behind the decision to propose the banning of C&D waste; Formation of the C&D Subcommittee; Concerns that arises regarding the possible effect of the ban.
- Published
- 2004
20. Hospitalizations for Traumatic Injuries Among Children in Maryland: Trends in Incidence and Severity: 1979-1988.
- Author
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Marganitt, Baruch, MacKenzie, Ellen J., Deshpande, Jayant K., Ramzy, Ameen I., and Haller Jr., J. Alex
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CHILDREN'S injuries , *WOUNDS & injuries , *CHILDREN'S accidents - Abstract
Abstract. Trends in incidence and severity of hospitalized injury among children aged 0 through 13 years in the state of Maryland from 1979 through 1988 (n = 35 746) were examined using routinely reported hospital discharge data. Hospital discharge rates declined over the study period from 509 per 100 000 population in 1979 to 320 in 1988. There was a decline in incidence trends for both races. However, the decrease in the nonwhite population was smaller than in whites. Analysis of incidence rates for specific Injury Severity Score groups revealed a declining trend in all Injury Severity Score groups, although the mildest group (Injury Severity Score 1 through 4) had the most notable decline of 44% compared with an average decline of 20% in the other severity groups. These data suggest a change in admission practices of mildly injured children as a major cause for the observed overall decline in hospitalization rates. The smaller decrease in the hospitalization rates of nonwhite children compared with white children requires further study to determine the cause. Pediatrics 1992;89:608-613; injury, trauma, incidence, surveillance, severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1992
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21. Epidemiologic Trends in Human Papillomavirus-Associated Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- Author
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Amanian A, Ishii M, Fakhry C, and London NR Jr
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, SEER Program, Survival Rate, Cohort Studies, Neoplasm Staging, Papillomaviridae, Human Papillomavirus Viruses, Papillomavirus Infections epidemiology, Papillomavirus Infections complications, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms epidemiology, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms virology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell virology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is the most commonly encountered cancer within the sinonasal cavity. Ongoing research has sought to ascertain the potential role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of SNSCC., Objective: To assess trends in HPV-associated and HPV-independent SNSCC over time, including assessment of clinical demographics, treatment patterns, and survival., Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used patient data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database between 1975 and 2018. Anatomic sites with a greater predilection for HPV positivity (ie, nasal cavity, ethmoid sinus) were used as a surrogate for HPV-associated SNSCC; meanwhile, patients with SNSCC in the other subsites were classified into the HPV-independent group. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to May 2023., Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical demographics and mortality trends over time were described for the HPV-associated and HPV-independent groups and further stratified according to stage on presentation., Results: The study population consisted of 3752 patients with SNSCC (mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 65.7 [13.3] years; 2417 [64.4%] male), with 1983 (52.9%) having HPV-associated SNSCC and 1769 (47.1%) with HPV-independent SNSCC. Patients with HPV-associated subsites compared with patients with HPV-independent SNSCC were more likely to present with localized disease (838 [42.3%] vs 162 [9.2%]), whereas more patients in the HPV-independent group than HPV-associated group presented with regional disease (1018 [57.5%] vs 480 [24.2%]). Incidence-based mortality was stable over time within the HPV-associated group (0.32%) and, conversely, showed a significant decrease within the HPV-independent group (-2.29%). Patients with HPV-associated SNSCC had a higher 5-year overall survival when compared with the HPV-independent group (62% vs 35% [difference, 27 percentage points; 95% CI, 23-31 percentage points]). The better 5-year overall survival in the HPV-associated group vs HPV-independent group was present across all disease stages (localized: hazard ratio [HR], 2.67; 95% CI, 1.96-3.65; regional: HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.29-1.82; and distant: HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.52-2.55)., Conclusions and Relevance: This cohort study showed that the proportion of HPV-associated SNSCC rose over time associated with both a rise in the proportion of nasal cavity SNSCC and a decrease in HPV-independent maxillary sinus SNSCC. These data suggest that HPV-associated SNSCC has a distinct demographic and prognostic profile, given the improved survival seen in patients with HPV-associated SNSCC.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Unintended Side Effects of Electronic Cigarettes in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review.
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Amanian A, Phulka J, and Hu AC
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- United States, Animals, Pharynx, Cough, Neck, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Otolaryngology
- Abstract
Objective: Electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) are nicotine delivery systems with increasing popularity. The US Food and Drug Administration defines side effects as unwanted or unexpected events or reactions. Our objective was to examine the unintended otolaryngology-related side effects associated with E-cigs., Data Sources: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases., Review Methods: Study selection was independently performed by 2 authors in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews); discrepancies were resolved by the senior author. English studies from database inception to May 1, 2020, with a sample size >5 were included. In vitro, animal, and lower respiratory tract studies were excluded. The main outcome was defined as otolaryngology-related side effects following E-cig use. Levels of evidence per the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine were used to determine study quality., Results: From 1788 articles, 32 studies were included. The most common unintended side effects were throat irritation (n = 16), cough (n = 16), mouth irritation (n = 11), and oral mucosal lesions (n = 8). A large proportion of participants also reported conventional tobacco use in addition to E-cigs. Eight studies investigated the effectiveness of vaping on smoking cessation. The quality of the literature was level 2 to 4. Given the significant heterogeneity in the studies, meta-analysis was not performed., Conclusion: The most reported side effects were throat and mouth irritation, followed by cough. The long-term impact of E-cigs is not known given the recent emergence of this technology. Future studies are warranted., (© 2022 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation.)
- Published
- 2023
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23. Real-world Evidence of Diagnostic Testing and Treatment Patterns in US Patients With Breast Cancer With Implications for Treatment Biomarkers From RNA Sequencing Data.
- Author
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Fernandes LE, Epstein CG, Bobe AM, Bell JSK, Stumpe MC, Salazar ME, Salahudeen AA, Pe Benito RA, McCarter C, Leibowitz BD, Kase M, Igartua C, Huether R, Hafez A, Beaubier N, Axelson MD, Pegram MD, Sammons SL, O'Shaughnessy JA, and Palmer GA
- Subjects
- Aged, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Databases, Factual, Feasibility Studies, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Receptor, ErbB-2 genetics, Receptors, Estrogen genetics, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, United States, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Abstract
Objective/background: We performed a retrospective analysis of longitudinal real-world data (RWD) from patients with breast cancer to replicate results from clinical studies and demonstrate the feasibility of generating real-world evidence. We also assessed the value of transcriptome profiling as a complementary tool for determining molecular subtypes., Methods: De-identified, longitudinal data were analyzed after abstraction from records of patients with breast cancer in the United States (US) structured and stored in the Tempus database. Demographics, clinical characteristics, molecular subtype, treatment history, and survival outcomes were assessed according to strict qualitative criteria. RNA sequencing and clinical data were used to predict molecular subtypes and signaling pathway enrichment., Results: The clinical abstraction cohort (n = 4000) mirrored the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with breast cancer in the US, indicating feasibility for RWE generation. Among patients who were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2
+ ), 74.2% received anti-HER2 therapy, with ∼70% starting within 3 months of a positive test result. Most non-treated patients were early stage. In this RWD set, 31.7% of patients with HER2+ immunohistochemistry (IHC) had discordant fluorescence in situ hybridization results recorded. Among patients with multiple HER2 IHC results at diagnosis, 18.6% exhibited intra-test discordance. Through development of a whole-transcriptome model to predict IHC receptor status in the molecular sequenced cohort (n = 400), molecular subtypes were resolved for all patients (n = 36) with equivocal HER2 statuses from abstracted test results. Receptor-related signaling pathways were differentially enriched between clinical molecular subtypes., Conclusions: RWD in the Tempus database mirrors the overall population of patients with breast cancer in the US. These results suggest that real-time, RWD analyses are feasible in a large, highly heterogeneous database. Furthermore, molecular data may aid deficiencies and discrepancies observed from breast cancer RWD., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2021
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24. Process mapping evaluation of medication reconciliation in academic teaching hospitals: a critical step in quality improvement.
- Author
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Holbrook A, Bowen JM, Patel H, O'Brien C, You JJ, Tahavori R, Doleweerd J, Berezny T, Perri D, Nieuwstraten C, Troyan S, and Patel A
- Subjects
- Accreditation, Canada epidemiology, Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems, Health Services Research, Humans, Medication Systems, Hospital, Patient Discharge standards, Process Assessment, Health Care, Quality Improvement organization & administration, United Kingdom epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Hospitals, Teaching organization & administration, Hospitals, Teaching standards, Medication Errors prevention & control, Medication Reconciliation organization & administration, Medication Reconciliation standards, Quality Improvement standards
- Abstract
Background: Medication reconciliation (MedRec) has been a mandated or recommended activity in Canada, the USA and the UK for nearly 10 years. Accreditation bodies in North America will soon require MedRec for every admission, transfer and discharge of every patient. Studies of MedRec have revealed unintentional discrepancies in prescriptions but no clear evidence that clinically important outcomes are improved, leading to widely variable practices. Our objective was to apply process mapping methodology to MedRec to clarify current processes and resource usage, identify potential efficiencies and gaps in care, and make recommendations for improvement in the light of current literature evidence of effectiveness., Methods: Process engineers observed and recorded all MedRec activities at 3 academic teaching hospitals, from initial emergency department triage to patient discharge, for general internal medicine patients. Process maps were validated with frontline staff, then with the study team, managers and patient safety leads to summarise current problems and discuss solutions., Results: Across all of the 3 hospitals, 5 general problem themes were identified: lack of use of all available medication sources, duplication of effort creating inefficiency, lack of timeliness of completion of the Best Possible Medication History, lack of standardisation of the MedRec process, and suboptimal communication of MedRec issues between physicians, pharmacists and nurses., Discussion: MedRec as practised in this environment requires improvements in quality, timeliness, consistency and dissemination. Further research exploring efficient use of resources, in terms of personnel and costs, is required., Competing Interests: JD and TB are employees of a private consulting company hired to carry out the process mapping., (Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.)
- Published
- 2016
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