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This comparative study looks into the image of the wolf in Genghis Aitmatov's "Plakha" and Jack London's "White Fang." For this purpose, first, the concept of the wolf in fiction is discussed, and the representation of wolves in these two texts is analyzed. This study explores the relationship between wolves and human beings as expressed in the texts in a way that helps understand the image of the wolf with specific cultural beliefs and practices that find aspirations in the text mentioned. The study concludes that Aitmatov associates Kazakh people with the wolf, unlike London's wolf, whose existence does not center around issues of freedom and independence.

While both human-animal studies (HAS) and explorations of the educative potential of animals in classrooms have exploded in recent decades, the different roles served by classroom pets in the history of the American curriculum have received scant critical attention. Pets were a central feature of family life since the founding of the American Republic, but primary sources in American education lack a systematic coverage of classroom pets. It was not until later in the twentieth century that more focused attention was given to classroom pets within the curriculum as a means of navigating difficult and contentious subject matter -- through sex education, death education, and in helping alleviate student alienation. Classroom pets ultimately served as authentic beasts of burden in helping teachers navigate heavy subject matter often outside of their comfort zones. This article aims to illustrate these particular roles within the American curriculum through current HAS perspectives and inquiries.

This article discusses how the Korean War is portrayed in the children's literature published in the United States over 70 years since the war. Seven children's books were identified and analyzed with a theoretical lens of teaching war as difficult knowledge. Critical content analysis of the texts found two key patterns. First, there were various accounts on the war across the texts, including the Korean War as a human/animal suffering, U.S. benevolent mission, animal heroism, and unfinished war. Second, difficult knowledge of the war was selectively in/excluded in the texts. The unanimously included difficult knowledge was wartime suffering, whereas the unanimously excluded was U.S. implication in the suffering. The findings suggest a critical use of the texts to engage children in learning about and from the difficult knowledge of the war. The findings also indicate pedagogical possibility and limitation of children's literature for teaching difficult knowledge of war.

This article presents a comparative exploration of news media portrayals of Indigenous environmental issues in Canada and the United States guided by a qualitative multimodal critical discourse analysis methodology. Theoretical framing was provided by Elliot Eisner's three curricula, Antonio López's visual literacy framework, and the broader fields of critical media literacy, environmental communication, and Indigenous media practice. This inquiry responded to recent media coverage of manifestations of resistance to environmental degradation and colonial (re-)encroachment in Indigenous territories on both sides of our shared borders such as the Keystone XL and Coastal GasLink pipelines, among others. Media portrayals of environmentally conscious Indigenous initiatives and collaborations such as the proliferation of renewable energy developments across Turtle Island/North America and the transborder Buffalo Treaty were also explored.

To determine whether the developing semantic lexicon varies with culture, we examined the animal and food naming of children from three communities distinguished by language, cultural heritage, and population density. The children were fve- and seven-year-olds from Australia (n = 197), Taiwan (n = 456), and the US (n = 172). Naming patterns revealed hierarchical and fexible organization of the semantic lexicon. The content of the lexicon, particularly food names, varied with cultural heritage. In all three communities, wild mammals were predominant during animal naming, a likely infuence of children's media. The infuence of the Chinese zodiac was evident in the clustering of animal names in the Taiwanese sample. There was no apparent infuence of population density and little infuence of language, except that the Taiwanese children more frequently named foods at the superordinate level, a possible infuence of the structure of Mandarin. Children develop their lexicons in response to culture as experienced frst-hand or through media.

The study of evolutionary theory and fieldwork in animal behavior is enriched when students leave the classroom so they may test their abilities to think and act like scientists. This article describes a course on evolutionary theory and animal behavior that blended on campus learning with field experience in the United States and in Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands. The on-campus portion of the course covered Darwin's life and travels, evolutionary theory, natural history of the Galapagos Islands, and field ecology techniques. The travel component was a two-week excursion where the students studied the ecology of the islands directly. Unlike other courses described in the literature, this one was offered to science and non-science majors alike, demonstrating the benefits of offering these kinds of learning experiences to a wide variety of undergraduates. Logistics with regard to planning for the course are discussed in detail, as are important elements to consider when taking students to South America. Considering the many benefits to students and faculty alike, this is an innovative and highly stimulating way to teach science. (Contains 4 tables.)

Invertebrates perform many beneficial and essential ecological services for humans. Despite this, the general public tends to view them negatively. Preservice elementary teachers often find themselves in a tenuous position because they possess the same negativity toward invertebrates as the general public but have been commissioned by United States of America national and state standards to teach their future students about the very invertebrates they distain. This study investigated the effect frequent direct contact with Madagascar hissing cockroaches "(Gromphadorhina portentosa)" in an educational setting had on preservice elementary teacher's arthropod (i.e., a subset of invertebrates) attitude and likelihood of arthropod incorporation in future science curriculum. A pre/post randomized design with a control group was used for the study. Preservice elementary teachers that received frequent direct contact with Madagascar hissing cockroaches in an educational setting during their preservice training programs had their attitudes and beliefs changed in a positive way toward that arthropod but not toward other arthropods. Implications concerning this finding, and other findings associated with the study, are discussed. (Contains 3 figures, 1 table and 3 notes.)

In the United States, the phrase "goin' fishin'" is synonymous with taking a break and leaving everyday cares behind to go enjoy the outdoors, spend time with family or friends, and, if one is lucky, catch some tasty fish. According to the American Sportfishing Association, fishing is a hobby pursued by some 40 million Americans, including more than 8 million youngsters between the ages of 6 and 15. Part of fishing's appeal is that it is accessible to all ages and every pocketbook. Any youngster with a stick, string, and hook, and some wriggly worms for bait, can try his or her luck in the local stream or pond. Serious fishermen, on the other hand, can easily invest thousands of dollars in boats and specialized fishing gear with which to pursue their favorite kind of fishing. Most sport fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks, and a wide variety of baits and lures. Specific kinds of fishing most popular in the United States include: (1) Bass fishing; (2) Fly fishing; (3) Deep sea fishing; and (4) Ice fishing.

Understanding how situational features of assessment tasks impact reasoning is important for many educational pursuits, notably the selection of curricular examples to illustrate phenomena, the design of formative and summative assessment items, and determination of whether instruction has fostered the development of abstract schemas divorced from particular instances. The goal of our study was to employ an experimental research design to quantify the degree to which situational features impact inferences about participants' understanding of Mendelian genetics. Two participant samples from different educational levels and cultural backgrounds (high school, n = 480; university, n = 444; Germany and USA) were used to test for context effects. A multi-matrix test design was employed, and item packets differing in situational features (e.g., plant, animal, human, fictitious) were randomly distributed to participants in the two samples. Rasch analyses of participant scores from both samples produced good item fit, person reliability, and item reliability and indicated that the university sample displayed stronger performance on the items compared to the high school sample. We found, surprisingly, that in both samples, no significant differences in performance occurred among the animal, plant, and human item contexts, or between the fictitious and "real" item contexts. In the university sample, we were also able to test for differences in performance between genders, among ethnic groups, and by prior biology coursework. None of these factors had a meaningful impact upon performance or context effects. Thus some, but not all, types of genetics problem solving or item formats are impacted by situational features.

Cultural transmission is often viewed as a domain-general process. However, a growing literature suggests that learnability is influenced by content and context. The idea of a learnability landscape is introduced as a way of representing the effects of interacting factors on how easily information is acquired. Extending prior work (Barrett & Broesch, 2012), learnability of danger and other properties is compared for animals, artifacts, and foods in the urban American children (ages 4-5) and in the Shuar children in Ecuador (ages 4-9). There is an advantage for acquiring danger information that is strongest for animals and weakest for artifacts in both populations, with culture-specific variations. The potential of learnability landscapes for assessing biological and cultural influences on cultural transmission is discussed.

The impacts of early fishing on aquatic ecosystems were minimal, as primitive technologies were used to harvest fish primarily for food. As fishing technology grew more sophisticated and human populations dispersed and expanded, local economies transitioned from subsistence to barter and trade. Expanded trade networks and mercantilization led to surplus catches becoming tradable commodities. Today, global export fish commodities, including fresh, frozen, cured, and canned fish, are valued at over US$ 100 billion, but commoditization loses the ecological imperative, with overfishing the result. To sustain global fisheries, human and ecosystem relationships with living fish need to be valued, as fish landed for both food and profit. Toward this end, we propose two decommoditization strategies: (a) valuing cultural property, the intergenerational relationships of people to places, in environmental policy and (b) instituting social subsidies that reward or enable local communities to cooperate in sustaining aquatic living resources, such as with marine protected areas. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.)

This study examined effects of type of and cumulative burden of childhood adversities on bullying and cruelty to animals in the United States. Data were derived from Waves I and II of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Structured psychiatric interviews were completed by trained lay interviewers between 2001-2002 and 2003-2004. Although the effects of childhood adversity diminished with the inclusion of confounding variables, several adversities remained significant. For bullying, these included being made to do chores that were too difficult or dangerous, threatening to hit or throw something, pushing, shoving, slapping, or hitting, and hitting that left bruises, marks, or injuries. With respect to cruelty to animals, swearing and saying hurtful things, having a parent or other adult living within the home that went to jail or prison, and adult/other person fondling/touching in a sexual way were significant. The final models indicated that the cumulative burden of childhood adversities had strong effects on the increased likelihood of bullying behavior but not cruelty to animals. (Contains 3 tables.)

Reflection in its most general sense just means thinking, so that a reflection upon nature amounts to thinking about the more-than-human world. Implied, however, is a particular kind of thinking, first and foremost a product of philosophical idealism and the analogical or mimetic imagination. This implication goes largely unexplored in "ecopoetics"--defined as the theory and practice of a creative relationship with the processes and products of one's world expressed in writing, whether poetry or prose, or in some other medium entirely. In American ecopoetics, reflection is a commonplace, a dead or dying metaphor. The purpose of this essay is to revive it, remove it from the bank of unquestioned assumptions, consider its pervasiveness in ecopoetics, and finally consider alternatives, above all "resonance", a term from systems theory that has proved attractive in current ecocriticism. Resonance is in many ways a desirable replacement for the dead metaphorical commonplace reflection, but an even stronger alternative requires serious questioning of the field's romantic and transcendentalist traditions, as well as increased attention to the physical and political contexts of writing.

The present research investigated effects of message framing (losses-framed or gains-framed), message modality (video with text or text-only) and emotional arousal on environmentally responsible behavioral intentions. The sample consisted of 161 college students. The present research did not find a significant difference in behavioral intentions between the losses-framed and gains-framed groups. Results suggest a significantly higher environmentally responsible behavioral intent in the video group than in the text-only group. Results from the correlational analyses showed a reliable relation between emotional arousal and environmentally responsible behavioral intentions. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. (Contains 4 tables.)

An early-twentieth-century movement for social purity in England, Canada and the United States aimed to eradicate prostitution, the double standard of sexual morals and their dreaded corollary, the venereal diseases. Social purists suggested that "purity education" for children was the best pedagogical prophylaxis against such medico-moral impurity. Popular purity education guides like the "Self and Sex" Series configured purity education as nature study lessons on reproduction in flora and fauna complemented by a back-to-nature regimen of diet, dress and exercise. Social purists hoped that purity education would induce children to adopt an abstinence agenda promoting heterosexual conventions of chastity before marriage, procreative marital sex and sound parenthood. The Series is used to investigate the ways in which the social purity movement turned to a highly selective vision of the natural order to naturalize the abstinence agenda.

In many nonhuman species of vertebrates, females are attracted to red on male conspecifics. Red is also a signal of male status in many nonhuman vertebrate species, and females show a mating preference for high-status males. These red-attraction and red-status links have been found even when red is displayed on males artificially. In the present research, we document parallels between human and nonhuman females' response to male red. Specifically, in a series of 7 experiments we demonstrate that women perceive men to be more attractive and sexually desirable when seen on a red background and in red clothing, and we additionally show that status perceptions are responsible for this red effect. The influence of red appears to be specific to women's romantic attraction to men: Red did not influence men's perceptions of other men, nor did it influence women's perceptions of men's overall likability, agreeableness, or extraversion. Participants showed no awareness that the research focused on the influence of color. These findings indicate that color not only has aesthetic value but can carry meaning and impact psychological functioning in subtle, important, and provocative ways. (Contains 1 footnote, 3 tables, and 3 figures.)

Concerns are growing regarding the availability of sustainable energy sources due to a rapidly growing human population and a better understanding of climate change. In recent years, the United States has focused much attention on developing domestic energy sources, which include coal-bed methane (CBM). There are vast deposits of the natural gas within the Powder River Basin (PRB), Wyoming. A sharp increase in exploration and development of CBM in the region has led to a decline in the surrounding greater sage-grouse ("Centrocercus urophasianus") populations in developed areas. This case study presents the issues surrounding CBM development and sage-grouse conservation within the PRB and provides instructors with online resources and classroom activities that can be used to stimulate and develop students' active learning and critical thinking skills. (Contains 4 exhibits.)

Limited resources have led to a lack of comprehensive state outreach strategies that are geared for non-English speaking constituencies. The investigators worked with Southeast Asian communities in Rhode Island to determine perceptions and levels of trust with various health authorities providing health messaging about fish-consumption practices. The authors conducted a face-to-face interview tool to determine content, communication channels, and credible surveyors to relay information about environmental pollutants. Only a third reporting having ever seen fish advisories. More trust was placed in doctors and government agencies than in other sources of health information. Less than half of participants reported ever hearing of mercury and polychlorinated biphenyl contamination in fish. The information collected here assisted in the modification of state outreach strategies for the local Southeast Asian community. (Contains 3 tables and 1 figure.)

In this article, the author focuses on the foundations of Anishinaabe treaty-making with the United States and Canada. The author first describes a story of "The Woman Who Married a Beaver," which illustrates Anishinaabe principles of respect, responsibility, and renewal that are critical in treaty making. "The Woman Who Married a Beaver" is a powerful story of transformation that sheds light on how the Anishinaabe understood treaty-making. The author argues that the story recounts the forging and functioning of a treaty relationship between the Anishinaabe and beavers. The principles of respect, responsibility, and renewal illustrated in this treaty between the Anishinaabe and beavers are foundational in Anishinaabe political thought and practice. The Anishinaabe utilized these principles in their treaty practices with the United States and Canada as a means to establish just and mutually beneficial relationships. The author discusses the treaty process as a way to develop international alliances with colonial and settler nations. The author concludes by discussing contemporary applications of Anishinaabe treaty principles. (Contains 74 notes.)

In the Gulf of Mexico, the overfished population of red snapper ("Lutjanus campechanus") is a major source of revenue resulting in a dichotomy between maintaining the health of the fishery and meeting the demands of the local economies. In order to govern marine fisheries the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 was created. This act has established a 200 mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ) around the United States coastline and 8 regional fishery management councils whose roles are to develop fishery management plans. With the involvement of the fishers, the councils work to protect fishery resources while managing the fishery in such a way as to produce optimum benefits for society. Therefore, according to regulation, any change in the economic status of the Gulf Coast or the health of the red snapper fishery must result in a regulation change to uphold this balance. In an attempt to improve understanding of the complexity of managing a fishery, this case study illustrates the roles of the various people involved in the extensive process of regulating this red snapper fishery. It introduces the complications that arise in this process through the perspectives of biologists, policymakers, and fishers at each step along the way. By necessity, to introduce the process in a manageable way, various steps, people, and complexities in the process are either reduced in importance or not introduced. All of the people introduced in this case study are fictional, but they are based on actual individuals within the process. (Contains 13 figures.)

Given the commonness of pets in communities throughout the United States, Canada, and Australia, among other countries, pet stewardship should be a natural topic of study for the integration of science, mathematics, and technology. Therefore, the term "stewardship" will be examined by applying observation and research to shape our behaviors and raise our students' awareness of pet ownership. After completing the interdisciplinary lessons in this article, it should be evident that our responsibility for our pets begins at home. (Contains 6 figures and 1 resource.)

This study explored and documented Taiwanese students' alternative conceptions of animal classification. We examined the understanding of the "animal", "vertebrate" and "invertebrate", "fish", "amphibian", "reptile", "bird", and "mammal" concepts among elementary, junior high school and senior high school, and university students in a sample population of close to 2,000 students. Using clinical interviews, sorting tasks, and a two-tiered diagnostic instrument, we documented the frequencies of a wide range of ideas and compared our findings with those of studies in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and the United States. The most important results indicate that for most students, the concept label "animal" refers to vertebrates, especially to common, well-known mammals and birds; the most common attributes used by students to define animals are movement and viability; many students had difficulty in making the distinction between vertebrates and invertebrates, and between reptiles and amphibians; and students tended to use external morphology, habitat, and movement in distinguishing between common, well-known vertebrates and invertebrates, and certain vertebrate animals pose special conceptual problems for students by virtue of their external morphology and habitat (e.g., the penguin and octopus). We contend that insights gained from this study will provide useful suggestions for Taiwanese science curriculum designers, science teachers, and researchers involved in the new 9-year curriculum reform. (Contains 5 tables and 5 figures.)

Cultural differences in students' attitudes towards animals need to be better understood and respected in order to promote tolerance in multicultural biological education. A cross-cultural study was conducted to investigate the beliefs of 425 students of different nationalities on animal sentience and attitudes towards the uses of animals. European students and, to some extent, those from the USA were less likely to condone cruelty to animals on farms than students from Asian countries. Students from Europe had more concern for suffering during life than students from Asia, but there was no difference in the extent of reverence for animal life. Female students had both more concern for animal suffering during life, and a greater concern for the reverence of animal life than males, but there were no gender differences in sentience attributed to the different animal species. Teacher awareness of these cultural and gender differences should engender tolerance towards different students' attitudes to the use of animals in education. The order of sentience across nationalities that was attributed to different species was monkey greater than dog greater than newborn baby greater than fox greater than pig greater than chicken greater than rat greater than fish. Correlations between animal sentience and attitudes towards the uses of animals showed that the students opposing, or advocating constraints on, the use of animals in society attributed more sentience to those animals. This reinforces concern by some students, e.g. of veterinary medicine, about the use of dogs for terminal surgery practicals. It is concluded that teacher recognition of students' perceptions of animal suffering, their reverence for animal life and attribution of sentience to different species is important in ensuring that the use of animals in education is in harmony with the students' beliefs and concerns. (Contains 6 tables, 3 footnotes and 7 figures.)

According to recent U.S. census reports, while the population of the United States increased by 10%, the population speaking languages other than English at home increased by 38% between 1980 and 1990. One in six of all youth in the United States, ages 14 to 19, either speaks a language other than English at home, was born in a foreign country, or both. As the number of linguistic-minority students in U.S. high schools continues to climb, more and more discussion about how to help these students achieve success centers on the issue of classroom language and interaction. This excerpt of classroom discourse is noteworthy, because it offers an example of high school English learners who display the ability to discuss complex literary topics. Although the ability to identify and understand abstract concepts is certainly a goal for adolescent English as second language readers, very often these readers get stuck doing basic decoding exercises. This article is an attempt to explore how one group of adolescent ESL readers developed the ability to read in more "adult-like" ways, to identify and understand abstract literary concepts like symbolism and theme.

Chairs at 262 prominent U.S. and Canadian colleges and universities (75% response rate) completed a questionnaire about animal use, student choice policies, and alternatives to the use of animals in undergraduate psychology education. Results indicated that a majority of institutions used animals in teaching, only a minority had choice policies within animal-based courses, and most schools used alternative learning methods, either as a substitute for or adjunct to live animal laboratories. This article discusses the educational policy implications of practices in the undergraduate psychology animal-based curriculum at "America's best" colleges, especially the common practice of advising reluctant students away from animal course work.

Today, exceptional dogs that have been specially bred and socialized are paired with children who are blind or visually impaired. These dogs, called "K9 Buddies," are from Guide Dogs for the Blind, a national nonprofit organization with a mission to offer skilled mobility dogs and training free-of-charge to adults with visual impairments throughout the United States and Canada. This article describes how the K9 Buddy Program ensure that they provide a good match to improve the quality of the lives of blind children.

An international team that includes researchers from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has discovered that mammalian chromosomes have evolved by breaking at specific sites rather than randomly as long thought--and that many of the breakage hot spots are also involved in human cancer.?In a study published in the July 22 issue of the journal Science, a team of 25 scientists from the United States, France, and Singapore compared the organization of the chromosomes of eight mammalian species: human, mouse, rat, cow, pig, dog, cat, and horse. Using sophisticated computer software to align and compare the mammals' genetic material, or genomes, the team determined that chromosomes tend to break in the same places as species evolve, resulting in rearrangements of their DNA. Prior to the discovery of these breakage hot spots, the prevailing view among scientists was that such rearrangements occurred at random locations.

There are many reasons people are afraid of bats but most are myths. Many people are also afraid of bats because they believe all bats are vampire bats, or bats that feed on blood. There are a few species of bats called "vampire" bats;however, these bats are found in Central and South America--there are no vampire bats in the United States or Canada. Although vampire bats are considered pests, they have been beneficial to humans. For example, a new drug, called Draculin, has been synthesized by using vampire bat saliva, which contains an anticoagulant; this allows blood from its prey to continue flowing. This drug is now being used on people with arteriosclerosis with good results. Most bats in the United States and Canada feed on insects, not only backyard insects but also many that are detrimental to farmers' crops. By eating crop pests, bats reduce the need for pesticides, which are unhealthy and cost farmers millions of dollars each year. This article also discusses dangers to bats as well as way in which communities can adopt strategies to help bats find places to live, and reduce mosquito populations in their neighborhoods.

In November 2000, wild Atlantic salmon were placed under the protection of the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Washington Academy (WA) in Maine has played an integral role in the education and restoration of this species. Efforts to restore the salmon's dwindling population, enhance critical habitat areas, and educate and inform the public require WA to collaborate with local watershed councils. These include the University of Maine at Machias (UMM); state and federal governmental agencies; and nongovernmental organizations (NGO) such as Project Salmon Habitat and River Enhancement (SHARE), the Atlantic Salmon Federation, and the Downeast Salmon Federation. For the past 10 years WA students have participated in the "Salmon in the Schools Program", sponsored by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and Craig Brook National Fish Hatchery in East Orland, Maine. In addition to releasing salmon fry into the headwaters of the East Machias River, students perform physical, chemical, and biological analysis of the river. Students measure temperature, pH, alkalinity, phosphates, nitrates, dissolved oxygen, and biological oxygen demand. Students also assess water quality by surveying for macroinvertebrate biodiversity. They rely on personal knowledge, interviews, and maps to assess land uses within the watershed and identify nonpoint sources of pollution. The entire collection of data is interpreted in relation to the habitat needs of the Atlantic salmon and summarized in a formal report. Test results indicate that pH, alkalinity, and at times temperature, are cause for concern.

Do children think of genetic inheritance as deterministic or probabilistic? In two novel tasks, children viewed the eye colors of animal parents and judged and selected possible phenotypes of offspring. Across three studies (N = 353, 162 girls, 172 boys, 2 non‐binary; 17 did not report gender) with predominantly White U.S. participants collected in 2019–2021, 4‐ to 12‐year‐old children showed a probabilistic understanding of genetic inheritance, and they accepted and expected variability in the genetic inheritance of eye color. Children did not show a mother bias but they did show two novel biases: perceptual similarity and sex‐matching. These results held for unfamiliar animals and several physical traits (e.g., eye color, ear size, and fin type), and persisted after a lesson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research had three objectives. The first was to characterize reports of animal-related injuries found in the AgInjuryNews Dataset. The second objective was to compare the results of the AgInjuryNews reports to that of the Regional Rural Injury study. The third objective was to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the utility of using the AgInjuryNews database. A total of 104 reports on animal-related incidents representing 112 victims were sourced from AgInjuryNews. Chi square tests were performed comparing fatal and non-fatal injuries across age, gender, role in incident, animal, and activity. Additional chi square tests were performed to compare AgInjuryNews data with the results of Regional Rural Injury Study II across age, gender, animal, and activity. Utility of the dataset was assessed by examining the distribution of reports across states, the availability of articles, and qualitative observations. Chi square results comparing fatal and nonfatal injuries were significant for victim gender. Results of the comparison of the two studies were significant for age and activity. A mismatch between the states with the highest populations of large animals and the states with the most reports in the AgInjryNews.org database was detected. Approximately 42% of reports the original articles were not accessible. Media bias plays a role in which cases are reported, but the size and accessibility of the dataset increases its utility. Despite the limitations inherent to the dataset, the amount of freely accessible information and the level of insight provided make AgInjuryNews a valuable resource for agricultural injury research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the current technological level and industrial/technical trends in the field of biomimicry technology, as well as recent technological and research and development trends. Patent analysis was conducted, focusing on technology that uses design elements and biological/ecological characteristics to provide solutions to technological problems. The technological scope of the analysis included the field of technologies and materials that apply to the conditions found in ecology, as well as robot machines and devices designed to mimic certain animals and ecological elements. The search for patents was conducted in Korea, the United States, Japan, and Europe from 1975 to 2021, resulting in a total of 8278 raw data cases, from which 940 valid patents were selected. The percentage of patent document and the status of both domestic and foreign applicants varied among the countries of Korea, the United States, Japan, and Europe. Based on the results of the patent analysis, it was found that biomimicry technology is in a growth phase that is expected to continue in the future and that Korea and the United States are leading the development of this technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secondary effects of animal-integrated programming on residential care center (RCC) staff and organizational culture are not well understood. We explored emotional exhaustion among RCC employees both in facilities that incorporated animals and those that did not incorporate animals into the therapeutic environment. We conducted a survey throughout a large midwestern RCC system in the United States to determine relationships between organizational culture, emotional exhaustion, and the intentionality by which animals were incorporated into programming. Data were analyzed by examining associations between variables of interest using chi-square or t-tests, and linear mixed-effects modeling was used to identify potential confounding effects due to differences in children served within RCCs. Staff from RCCs that used animals intentionally reported lower emotional exhaustion (p = 0.006), and higher average workplace safety (p = 0.024) and psychological safety (p < 0.001). Integrating animals into RCC programming is associated with elements of a strong organizational culture. It is possible that animal-integrated programming has a positive impact on the facility culture and workforce, and/or that RCCs with strong pre-existing cultures are more likely to use animal-integrated programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an imported case of myositis caused by a rare parasite, Haycocknema perplexum, in Australia in a 37-year-old man who had progressive facial, axial, and limb weakness, dysphagia, dysphonia, increased levels of creatine kinase and hepatic aminotransferases, and peripheral eosinophilia for 8 years. He was given extended, high-dose albendazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an imported case of myositis caused by a rare parasite, Haycocknema perplexum, in Australia in a 37-year-old man who had progressive facial, axial, and limb weakness, dysphagia, dysphonia, increased levels of creatine kinase and hepatic aminotransferases, and peripheral eosinophilia for 8 years. He was given extended, high-dose albendazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]