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There is a growing literature on the changing travel patterns in the United States. The changes are largely driven by the emerging shared-mobility services and the travel behavior of the younger generations. This study builds on an investigation of Millennials’, Gen Xers’ and Baby Boomers’ bike sharing ridership in New York City. This study examines station-level bike share use focusing on whether and how the effects of land-use and built environment vary across different population segments. Using New York’s Citi Bike system data, we develop zero-inflated negative binominal models to estimate hourly trip productions at stations for five age cohorts: younger Millennials (born 1995 to 2000), mid Millennials (1989 to 1994), older Millennials (born 1979 to 1988), Generation Xers (born 1965 to 1978), and Baby Boomers (born 1946 to 1964). Consistent with the literature, our results suggest that weather related variables, land-use and built environment characteristics have significant effects on the overall bike sharing usage. Our findings also reveal variations across age cohorts. For example, intersection density is positively related to younger Millennials’ bike share trip production. However, this factor is not statistically significant for other age groups. Our findings provide valuable insights for planners and policy-makers, and set the basis for improving the understanding of cohort differences in bike sharing demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the influence of two patellofemoral braces on pain response, patellar alignment, and patellofemoral joint contact area in persons with patellofemoral pain., Methods: Fifteen women between the ages of 18 and 45 yr with a diagnosis of patellofemoral pain participated. After the assessment of pain response using a visual analog scale, subjects underwent axial plane magnetic resonance imaging of patellofemoral joint at 0 degrees, 20 degrees, 40 degrees, and 60 degrees of knee flexion. Imaging was done with the knee extensors contracted (25% body weight) under three conditions: 1) no brace, 2) On-Track brace, and 3) Patellar Tracking Orthosis (PTO). Measures of mediolateral patellar displacement and tilt and medial and lateral facet contact area were obtained from the magnetic resonance images., Results: On average, the On-Track brace reduced symptoms by 50%, whereas the PTO reduced pain by 44%. When averaged across all knee flexion angles, the PTO and the On-Track brace significantly increased total patellofemoral joint contact area by 52.0 mm (21%) and 59.3 mm (24%), respectively, when compared with the no-brace condition. Bracing had no influence on lateral patellar tilt; however, small but significant changes in lateral patellar displacement were observed., Conclusion: Large changes in pain and contact area occurred without sizable changes in patellar alignment. The results of this study suggest that changes in patellar alignment by itself may not be responsible for pain alleviation after patellar bracing.